CVE-2026-9277 (GCVE-0-2026-9277)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-22 13:22 – Updated: 2026-05-23 03:04
VLAI
Title
shell-quote `quote()` does not validate object-token shapes, allowing command injection via line terminators in `.op`
Summary
shell-quote's `quote()` function did not validate object-token inputs against the operator model used by `parse()`. The `.op` field was backslash-escaped character by character using `/(.)/g`, which in JavaScript does not match line terminators (\n, \r, U+2028, U+2029). A line terminator in `.op` therefore passed through unescaped into the output; POSIX shells treat a literal newline as a command separator, so any content after it would execute as a second command. The vulnerable code path is reachable in two ways: (1) direct construction of `{ op: '...\n...' }` from external input, and (2) via `parse(cmd, envFn)` when `envFn` returns object tokens whose `.op` is attacker-influenced. Both are documented API surface. Fixed by replacing the per-character escape with strict shape validation: `.op` must match the parser's control-operator allowlist; `{ op: 'glob', pattern }` validates `pattern` and forbids line terminators; `{ comment }` validates `comment` and forbids line terminators; any other object shape throws `TypeError`.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.2 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
shell-quote Affected: 1.1.0 , < 1.8.4 (semver)
Credits
Akshat Sinha (@akshatgit) Jordan Harband (@ljharb)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-9277",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-05-22T14:17:31.964845Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-22T14:17:39.549Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote/security/advisories/GHSA-w7jw-789q-3m8p"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-05-23T03:04:40.537Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/05/23/2"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "collectionURL": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/shell-quote",
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "packageName": "shell-quote",
          "product": "shell-quote",
          "programFiles": [
            "quote.js"
          ],
          "repo": "https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThan": "1.8.4",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "1.1.0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "finder",
          "value": "Akshat Sinha (@akshatgit)"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "remediation developer",
          "value": "Jordan Harband (@ljharb)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eshell-quote\u0027s `quote()` function did not validate object-token inputs against the operator model used by `parse()`. The `.op` field was backslash-escaped character by character using `/(.)/g`, which in JavaScript does not match line terminators (\\n, \\r, U+2028, U+2029). A line terminator in `.op` therefore passed through unescaped into the output; POSIX shells treat a literal newline as a command separator, so any content after it would execute as a second command. The vulnerable code path is reachable in two ways: (1) direct construction of `{ op: \u0027...\\n...\u0027 }` from external input, and (2) via `parse(cmd, envFn)` when `envFn` returns object tokens whose `.op` is attacker-influenced. Both are documented API surface. Fixed by replacing the per-character escape with strict shape validation: `.op` must match the parser\u0027s control-operator allowlist; `{ op: \u0027glob\u0027, pattern }` validates `pattern` and forbids line terminators; `{ comment }` validates `comment` and forbids line terminators; any other object shape throws `TypeError`.\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "shell-quote\u0027s `quote()` function did not validate object-token inputs against the operator model used by `parse()`. The `.op` field was backslash-escaped character by character using `/(.)/g`, which in JavaScript does not match line terminators (\\n, \\r, U+2028, U+2029). A line terminator in `.op` therefore passed through unescaped into the output; POSIX shells treat a literal newline as a command separator, so any content after it would execute as a second command. The vulnerable code path is reachable in two ways: (1) direct construction of `{ op: \u0027...\\n...\u0027 }` from external input, and (2) via `parse(cmd, envFn)` when `envFn` returns object tokens whose `.op` is attacker-influenced. Both are documented API surface. Fixed by replacing the per-character escape with strict shape validation: `.op` must match the parser\u0027s control-operator allowlist; `{ op: \u0027glob\u0027, pattern }` validates `pattern` and forbids line terminators; `{ comment }` validates `comment` and forbids line terminators; any other object shape throws `TypeError`."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 8.1,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "PRESENT",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 9.2,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-78",
              "description": "CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-77",
              "description": "CWE-77 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (\u0027Command Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-22T13:22:38.873Z",
        "orgId": "7ffcee3d-2c14-4c3e-b844-86c6a321a158",
        "shortName": "harborist"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "GHSA-w7jw-789q-3m8p",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote/security/advisories/GHSA-w7jw-789q-3m8p"
        },
        {
          "name": "Fix commit",
          "tags": [
            "patch"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote/commit/1518179"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "product"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.npmjs.com/package/shell-quote"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-w7jw-789q-3m8p",
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      },
      "title": "shell-quote `quote()` does not validate object-token shapes, allowing command injection via line terminators in `.op`"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "7ffcee3d-2c14-4c3e-b844-86c6a321a158",
    "assignerShortName": "harborist",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-9277",
    "datePublished": "2026-05-22T13:22:38.873Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-22T12:13:25.893Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-23T03:04:40.537Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-9277",
      "date": "2026-06-25",
      "epss": "0.00623",
      "percentile": "0.4529"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-9277\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"total\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-05-22T14:17:31.964845Z\"}}}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote/security/advisories/GHSA-w7jw-789q-3m8p\", \"tags\": [\"exploit\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-22T14:17:25.193Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"shell-quote `quote()` does not validate object-token shapes, allowing command injection via line terminators in `.op`\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-w7jw-789q-3m8p\", \"discovery\": \"EXTERNAL\"}, \"credits\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"finder\", \"value\": \"Akshat Sinha (@akshatgit)\"}, {\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"remediation developer\", \"value\": \"Jordan Harband (@ljharb)\"}], \"metrics\": [{\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 8.1, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"HIGH\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GENERAL\"}]}, {\"format\": \"CVSS\", \"cvssV4_0\": {\"Safety\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"version\": \"4.0\", \"Recovery\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"baseScore\": 9.2, \"Automatable\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"CRITICAL\", \"valueDensity\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N\", \"exploitMaturity\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"providerUrgency\": \"NOT_DEFINED\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"attackRequirements\": \"PRESENT\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"subIntegrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnIntegrityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subAvailabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnAvailabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"subConfidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnConfidentialityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\": \"NOT_DEFINED\"}, \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GENERAL\"}]}], \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote\", \"product\": \"shell-quote\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"1.1.0\", \"lessThan\": \"1.8.4\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}], \"packageName\": \"shell-quote\", \"programFiles\": [\"quote.js\"], \"collectionURL\": \"https://www.npmjs.com/package/shell-quote\", \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote/security/advisories/GHSA-w7jw-789q-3m8p\", \"name\": \"GHSA-w7jw-789q-3m8p\", \"tags\": [\"vendor-advisory\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote/commit/1518179\", \"name\": \"Fix commit\", \"tags\": [\"patch\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/ljharb/shell-quote\", \"tags\": [\"product\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://www.npmjs.com/package/shell-quote\", \"tags\": [\"product\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"shell-quote\u0027s `quote()` function did not validate object-token inputs against the operator model used by `parse()`. The `.op` field was backslash-escaped character by character using `/(.)/g`, which in JavaScript does not match line terminators (\\\\n, \\\\r, U+2028, U+2029). A line terminator in `.op` therefore passed through unescaped into the output; POSIX shells treat a literal newline as a command separator, so any content after it would execute as a second command. The vulnerable code path is reachable in two ways: (1) direct construction of `{ op: \u0027...\\\\n...\u0027 }` from external input, and (2) via `parse(cmd, envFn)` when `envFn` returns object tokens whose `.op` is attacker-influenced. Both are documented API surface. Fixed by replacing the per-character escape with strict shape validation: `.op` must match the parser\u0027s control-operator allowlist; `{ op: \u0027glob\u0027, pattern }` validates `pattern` and forbids line terminators; `{ comment }` validates `comment` and forbids line terminators; any other object shape throws `TypeError`.\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"\u003cp\u003eshell-quote\u0027s `quote()` function did not validate object-token inputs against the operator model used by `parse()`. The `.op` field was backslash-escaped character by character using `/(.)/g`, which in JavaScript does not match line terminators (\\\\n, \\\\r, U+2028, U+2029). A line terminator in `.op` therefore passed through unescaped into the output; POSIX shells treat a literal newline as a command separator, so any content after it would execute as a second command. The vulnerable code path is reachable in two ways: (1) direct construction of `{ op: \u0027...\\\\n...\u0027 }` from external input, and (2) via `parse(cmd, envFn)` when `envFn` returns object tokens whose `.op` is attacker-influenced. Both are documented API surface. Fixed by replacing the per-character escape with strict shape validation: `.op` must match the parser\u0027s control-operator allowlist; `{ op: \u0027glob\u0027, pattern }` validates `pattern` and forbids line terminators; `{ comment }` validates `comment` and forbids line terminators; any other object shape throws `TypeError`.\u003c/p\u003e\", \"base64\": false}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-78\", \"description\": \"CWE-78 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command (\u0027OS Command Injection\u0027)\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-77\", \"description\": \"CWE-77 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command (\u0027Command Injection\u0027)\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"7ffcee3d-2c14-4c3e-b844-86c6a321a158\", \"shortName\": \"harborist\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-22T13:22:38.873Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-9277\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-22T14:17:39.549Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-05-22T12:13:25.893Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"7ffcee3d-2c14-4c3e-b844-86c6a321a158\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-05-22T13:22:38.873Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"harborist\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.