Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-178

Allowed

Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product does not properly account for differences in case sensitivity when accessing or determining the properties of a resource, leading to inconsistent results.

141 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-62230 (GCVE-0-2026-62230)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 00:07 – Updated: 2026-07-17 14:09 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Grav < 2.0.4 File Access Bypass via Case Variation
Summary
Grav before 2.0.4 ships a default .htaccess (and reference webserver-configs/htaccess.txt) whose rules blocking access to sensitive file types (.yaml, .php, .json, etc.) lack the [NC] flag, making extension matching case-sensitive. On case-insensitive filesystems (Windows/NTFS, macOS/HFS+, or Docker volume mounts), an unauthenticated attacker can request these files with uppercase or mixed-case extensions (e.g., .YAML, .PHP) to bypass the restrictions and read sensitive configuration files that may contain API keys and credentials.
Severity
8.7 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
getgrav grav Affected: 0 , < 2.0.4 (semver)
Unaffected: 2.0.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-29 00:00
Credits
replit-svg
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-58057 (GCVE-0-2026-58057)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-28 01:32 – Updated: 2026-06-29 12:25
VLAI
Title
Flowise - Custom MCP Environment Variable Denylist Bypass via Case Sensitivity
Summary
Flowise before 3.1.3 validates Custom MCP stdio environment variables against a denylist using a case-sensitive comparison, so on Windows, where environment names are case-insensitive, supplying 'node_options' bypasses the NODE_OPTIONS denylist entry. An authenticated user who can configure a Custom MCP node can thereby inject NODE_OPTIONS --require and execute arbitrary code in the Flowise server context.
Severity
5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L
2.3 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Flowise Flowise Affected: 0 , < 3.1.3 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-03 00:00
Credits
ashdfrkl
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-57234 (GCVE-0-2026-57234)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 14:30 – Updated: 2026-06-25 15:05
VLAI
Title
Nokogiri: XML::Schema on JRuby allows network requests when NONET is set, bypassing CVE-2020-26247
Summary
Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, the NONET parse option, which Nokogiri turns on by default for Nokogiri::XML::Schema (see CVE-2020-26247), was not correctly enforced on the JRuby implementation. As a result, a schema parsed with default options could still cause external resources to be fetched over the network, potentially enabling SSRF or XXE attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.
Severity
2.6 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
  • CWE-611 - Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
sparklemotion nokogiri Affected: < 1.19.4
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-55170 (GCVE-0-2026-55170)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-09 21:04 – Updated: 2026-07-10 14:26
VLAI
Title
OpenFGA MySQL backend: case-insensitive collation on identifier columns causes incorrect authorization decisions
Summary
OpenFGA is an authorization/permission engine built for developers. Prior to 1.18.0, when MySQL is being used as the datastore and authorization decisions rely on case-sensitive user strings, the tuple, changelog, and authorization_model identifier columns can compare case-distinct values such as user:Alice and user:alice as equivalent, causing two distinct check requests to return the same response. This issue is fixed in 1.18.0.
Severity
2.1 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
openfga openfga Affected: < 1.18.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54763 (GCVE-0-2026-54763)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 20:33 – Updated: 2026-07-08 19:42
VLAI
Title
Traefik: headerField underscore-variant identity spoofing in BasicAuth / DigestAuth / ForwardAuth
Summary
Traefik is an HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Prior to v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6, Traefik's BasicAuth, DigestAuth, and ForwardAuth middlewares strip canonical-cased spoofed identity headers before writing Traefik's own value, but do not account for underscore-variant header names, which many backends normalize identically to dashed forms. An attacker able to reach a protected route can inject an underscore-variant header that survives Traefik's stripping and reaches the backend alongside, or on the unauthenticated ForwardAuth authResponseHeaders path instead of, the value Traefik intended to set, spoofing identity or authorization context. This issue is fixed in versions v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
traefik traefik Affected: < 2.11.51
Affected: >= 3.0.0-beta1, < 3.6.22
Affected: >= 3.7.0-ea.1, < 3.7.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-54528 (GCVE-0-2026-54528)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 21:04 – Updated: 2026-07-09 13:04
VLAI
Title
jupyterlab-git excluded_paths Case-Sensitivity Bypass Allows Reading Excluded Directories
Summary
JupyterLab Git is a Git extension for JupyterLab. Prior to 0.54.0, jupyterlab-git uses fnmatch.fnmatchcase() in GitHandler.prepare() in jupyterlab_git/handlers.py to enforce excluded_paths, allowing an authenticated user on a case-insensitive filesystem to vary URL path casing and read excluded directories. This issue is fixed in version 0.54.0.
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jupyterlab jupyterlab-git Affected: < 0.54.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-53721 (GCVE-0-2026-53721)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 13:41 – Updated: 2026-06-13 02:59
VLAI
Title
Nuxt: Route-rule middleware bypass via case-sensitivity mismatch between vue-router and the routeRules matcher
Summary
Nuxt is an open-source web development framework for Vue.js. From versions 3.11.0 to before 3.21.7 and 4.0.0 to before 4.4.7, there is a route-rule middleware bypass via case-sensitivity mismatch between vue-router and the routeRules matcher. This issue has been patched in versions 3.21.7 and 4.4.7.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nuxt nuxt Affected: >= 3.11.0, < 3.21.7
Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.4.7
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-53595 (GCVE-0-2026-53595)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 20:14 – Updated: 2026-07-21 14:56
VLAI
Title
FreeScout vulnerable to anonymous account takeover via /user-setup empty invite_hash on MySQL
Summary
FreeScout is a free help desk and shared inbox built with PHP's Laravel framework. Prior to version 1.8.224, the public endpoint `POST /user-setup/{hash}/{invite_sent_at}` (`OpenController@userSetupSave`) selects the target account solely by its `invite_hash` column, then overwrites that account's email and password and logs in as it. No authentication, cookie, or prior session is required. After a user activates, FreeScout sets `invite_hash` to the empty string. On MySQL and MariaDB, `VARCHAR` equality ignores trailing spaces, so a single URL-encoded space (`%20`) matches the stored empty string and selects the lowest-id activated user. The expiry guard decrypts `invite_sent_at` with the target's password hash, but `Helper::decrypt` returns its raw input unchanged when decryption fails. A plaintext numeric value such as `9999999999` therefore passes the time-to-live check without any secret. The result is that an anonymous attacker sets the email and password of the lowest-id activated FreeScout account (a support agent, or an administrator if one was added by invitation) and authenticates as that account. Version 1.8.224 contains a fix.
Severity
9.4 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-287 - Improper Authentication
  • CWE-640 - Weak Password Recovery Mechanism for Forgotten Password
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-49336 (GCVE-0-2026-49336)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 18:19 – Updated: 2026-06-22 15:05
VLAI
Title
@microsoft/kiota-http-fetchlibrary: Bearer token and Cookie leak across origin on redirect due to case-mismatched scrub in fetchRequestAdapter
Summary
@microsoft/kiota-http-fetchlibrary provides TypeScript libraries for Kiota-generated API clients. In versions 1.0.0-preview.97 through 1.0.0-preview.101, `@microsoft/kiota-http-fetchlibrary`'s `RedirectHandler` is documented as stripping `Authorization` and `Cookie` from cross-origin redirect targets, but the default `scrubSensitiveHeaders` callback in `RedirectHandlerOptions` uses case-sensitive property deletion (`delete headers.Authorization`, `delete headers.Cookie`) on a headers object that `FetchRequestAdapter.getRequestFromRequestInformation` has already lower-cased. The delete therefore targets keys that do not exist, the scrub is a no-op, and any Bearer token or Cookie attached by a kiota-generated SDK is forwarded to an attacker-controlled host across a 30x redirect. This is reachable in the default middleware chain (`MiddlewareFactory.getDefaultMiddlewares`) with no custom configuration, and applies to every kiota-generated TypeScript SDK that uses `BaseBearerTokenAuthenticationProvider` or any other authentication provider that sets the `Authorization` request header. Version 1.0.0-preview.102 patches the issue.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
microsoft kiota-typescript Affected: >= 1.0.0-preview.97, < 1.0.0-preview.102
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-48794 (GCVE-0-2026-48794)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 20:23 – Updated: 2026-06-22 19:51
VLAI
Title
Authelia has an Edge Case Access Control Rule Mismatch
Summary
Authelia is an open-source authentication and authorization server providing two-factor authentication and single sign-on (SSO) for applications via a web portal. In versions 4.36.0 through 4.39.19, due to lack of canonicalization of domains in very specific edge cases, an access control rule may be skipped when it should match a request. The specific conditions that could lead to a security issue for vulnerability are: 1. The specific target resource of the attack must be using the forwarded authorization integration; 2. The requested domain must have two additional segments compared to a session domain i.e. `a.b.example.com` is requested, but the session domain is `example.com`; 3. There access control rules must specify two separate rules which both contain inexact domain matches such as `*.b.example.com` and `*.example.com` i.e. wildcards, username matches, group matches; 4. The rules must be in order of most specific domain to least specific domain; 5. The second rule must be more permissive than the first rule; 6. The attacker must specifically request a URL for the more specific domain, with the second part containing one or more capitalized letters i.e. `https://a.B.example.com` and no other segment with capitalized letters; 7. The integration used must not be the Envoy ExtAuthz integration; and 8. The proxy must not canonicalize the requested host name in the relevant header before sending it to the relevant authorization endpoint. The kind of configuration used to produce this issue and result in a `bypass` rule being matched has long been highly discouraged. Essentially hosts which should be bypassed entirely should not be secured by having the proxy check them with the authorization handlers. Upgrade to 4.39.20 to receive a patch.
Severity
1.3 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
authelia authelia Affected: >= 4.36.0, < 4.39.20
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-44
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Input Validation

Avoid making decisions based on names of resources (e.g. files) if those resources can have alternate names.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.

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