CVE-2026-63887 (GCVE-0-2026-63887)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-19 14:55 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:36
VLAI
Title
scsi: target: iscsi: Bound iscsi_encode_text_output() appends to rsp_buf
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: scsi: target: iscsi: Bound iscsi_encode_text_output() appends to rsp_buf iscsi_encode_text_output() concatenates "key=value\0" records into login->rsp_buf, an 8192-byte kzalloc(MAX_KEY_VALUE_PAIRS) buffer allocated in iscsit_alloc_login_setup_buffer(). The three sprintf() call sites in this function (lines 1398, 1411, 1424 in v7.1-rc2) never check the remaining buffer capacity: *length += sprintf(output_buf, "%s=%s", er->key, er->value); *length += 1; output_buf = textbuf + *length; The 8192-byte ceiling at iscsi_target_check_login_request() bounds the *input* Login PDU payload, but a single PDU can carry up to 2048 minimal four-byte "a=b\0" pairs, each unknown key expanding to a 16-byte "a=NotUnderstood\0" output record via iscsi_add_notunderstood_response(). 2048 * 16 = 32 KiB of output into an 8 KiB buffer, producing a ~24 KiB heap overrun in the kmalloc-8k slab. The fix introduces a static iscsi_encode_text_record() helper that uses snprintf() with a per-call bounds check against the remaining buffer, and threads a u32 textbuf_size parameter through iscsi_encode_text_output(). Both call sites in iscsi_target_handle_csg_zero() (PHASE_SECURITY) and iscsi_target_handle_csg_one() (PHASE_OPERATIONAL) pass MAX_KEY_VALUE_PAIRS. On overflow the encoder logs the condition, calls iscsi_release_extra_responses() to drop queued records, and returns -1; both caller sites now emit ISCSI_STATUS_CLS_INITIATOR_ERR / ISCSI_LOGIN_STATUS_INIT_ERR via iscsit_tx_login_rsp() before returning, so the initiator sees an explicit failed-login response rather than a silent connection drop. (Prior to this patch only the PHASE_OPERATIONAL caller did that; the PHASE_SECURITY caller is converted to the same shape.)
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Linux Linux Affected: e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01 , < cb84e974fb172bc71386289f37b78ea679410b39 (git)
Affected: e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01 , < b19382dfc6e7dee6d3859ba44b6ca29e97a51627 (git)
Affected: e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01 , < efe633e600a0ac68357206fede21b1ac8178f3b8 (git)
Affected: e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01 , < 4e9f0c4a645c995bc75c06c7b3644254ffb4c76b (git)
Affected: e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01 , < 30bf335e8fe170322080ee001f05ca29c50680b3 (git)
Affected: e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01 , < 594a40360012ce5f94c715d5e3b20fa3af7d525a (git)
Affected: e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01 , < 26e4a304b7e6f1338c675d527608d32549c091db (git)
Affected: e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01 , < bf33e01f88388c43e285492a63e539df6ffed64c (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 3.1
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.259 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.210 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.176 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.143 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.93 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.35 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0.12 , ≤ 7.0.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nscsi: target: iscsi: Bound iscsi_encode_text_output() appends to rsp_buf\n\niscsi_encode_text_output() concatenates \"key=value\\0\" records into\nlogin-\u003ersp_buf, an 8192-byte kzalloc(MAX_KEY_VALUE_PAIRS) buffer\nallocated in iscsit_alloc_login_setup_buffer(). The three sprintf() call\nsites in this function (lines 1398, 1411, 1424 in v7.1-rc2) never check\nthe remaining buffer capacity:\n\n\t*length += sprintf(output_buf, \"%s=%s\", er-\u003ekey, er-\u003evalue);\n\t*length += 1;\n\toutput_buf = textbuf + *length;\n\nThe 8192-byte ceiling at iscsi_target_check_login_request() bounds the\n*input* Login PDU payload, but a single PDU can carry up to 2048 minimal\nfour-byte \"a=b\\0\" pairs, each unknown key expanding to a 16-byte\n\"a=NotUnderstood\\0\" output record via iscsi_add_notunderstood_response().\n2048 * 16 = 32 KiB of output into an 8 KiB buffer, producing a ~24 KiB\nheap overrun in the kmalloc-8k slab.\n\nThe fix introduces a static iscsi_encode_text_record() helper that uses\nsnprintf() with a per-call bounds check against the remaining buffer,\nand threads a u32 textbuf_size parameter through\niscsi_encode_text_output(). Both call sites in\niscsi_target_handle_csg_zero() (PHASE_SECURITY) and\niscsi_target_handle_csg_one() (PHASE_OPERATIONAL) pass\nMAX_KEY_VALUE_PAIRS. On overflow the encoder logs the condition, calls\niscsi_release_extra_responses() to drop queued records, and returns -1;\nboth caller sites now emit ISCSI_STATUS_CLS_INITIATOR_ERR /\nISCSI_LOGIN_STATUS_INIT_ERR via iscsit_tx_login_rsp() before returning,\nso the initiator sees an explicit failed-login response rather than a\nsilent connection drop. (Prior to this patch only the PHASE_OPERATIONAL\ncaller did that; the PHASE_SECURITY caller is converted to the same\nshape.)"
        }
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      "metrics": [
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          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 9.8,
            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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            {
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              "value": "AV:N - The Linux iSCSI target (LIO) is an in-kernel SCSI target that accepts remote TCP connections on the iSCSI portal (typically port 3260); crafted Login PDUs reach the vulnerable encoder via the normal network receive and login-negotiation path.\nAC:L - Once an iSCSI target portal is reachable, an attacker can reliably trigger the overflow by sending a single Login PDU packed with unknown key=value pairs; no races or victim-dependent timing are required.\nPR:N - The heap overflow occurs during login negotiation before iSCSI authentication completes; a discovery-session login requires only InitiatorName and SessionType with no credentials, initiator ACL, or local privileges.\nUI:N - Exploitation requires only network packets sent by the attacker; no action from a legitimate user or administrator is needed beyond the target already exposing its iSCSI portal.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel heap memory in the iSCSI target/login context and does not cross a VM, container, or IOMMU security boundary by itself.\nC:H - A ~24 KiB out-of-bounds write into the kmalloc-8k slab can corrupt adjacent kernel objects and be leveraged for arbitrary memory disclosure, not merely a bounded leak.\nI:H - The unbounded sprintf heap overrun is a large out-of-bounds write that can corrupt adjacent heap metadata or objects to achieve arbitrary kernel memory modification and potential code execution.\nA:H - Corrupting kmalloc-8k heap objects during login response encoding can cause kernel oops, BUG, or panic, and the attack can be repeated against an exposed iSCSI target."
            }
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:36:56.451Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
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        {
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bf33e01f88388c43e285492a63e539df6ffed64c"
        }
      ],
      "title": "scsi: target: iscsi: Bound iscsi_encode_text_output() appends to rsp_buf",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-63887",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-19T14:55:00.114Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T07:54:57.018Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:36:56.451Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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      "cve": "CVE-2026-63887",
      "date": "2026-08-23",
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    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-63887\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-07-19T16:17:05.853\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-27T17:44:23.777\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Awaiting Analysis\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nscsi: target: iscsi: Bound iscsi_encode_text_output() appends to rsp_buf\\n\\niscsi_encode_text_output() concatenates \\\"key=value\\\\0\\\" records into\\nlogin-\u003ersp_buf, an 8192-byte kzalloc(MAX_KEY_VALUE_PAIRS) buffer\\nallocated in iscsit_alloc_login_setup_buffer(). The three sprintf() call\\nsites in this function (lines 1398, 1411, 1424 in v7.1-rc2) never check\\nthe remaining buffer capacity:\\n\\n\\t*length += sprintf(output_buf, \\\"%s=%s\\\", er-\u003ekey, er-\u003evalue);\\n\\t*length += 1;\\n\\toutput_buf = textbuf + *length;\\n\\nThe 8192-byte ceiling at iscsi_target_check_login_request() bounds the\\n*input* Login PDU payload, but a single PDU can carry up to 2048 minimal\\nfour-byte \\\"a=b\\\\0\\\" pairs, each unknown key expanding to a 16-byte\\n\\\"a=NotUnderstood\\\\0\\\" output record via iscsi_add_notunderstood_response().\\n2048 * 16 = 32 KiB of output into an 8 KiB buffer, producing a ~24 KiB\\nheap overrun in the kmalloc-8k slab.\\n\\nThe fix introduces a static iscsi_encode_text_record() helper that uses\\nsnprintf() with a per-call bounds check against the remaining buffer,\\nand threads a u32 textbuf_size parameter through\\niscsi_encode_text_output(). Both call sites in\\niscsi_target_handle_csg_zero() (PHASE_SECURITY) and\\niscsi_target_handle_csg_one() (PHASE_OPERATIONAL) pass\\nMAX_KEY_VALUE_PAIRS. On overflow the encoder logs the condition, calls\\niscsi_release_extra_responses() to drop queued records, and returns -1;\\nboth caller sites now emit ISCSI_STATUS_CLS_INITIATOR_ERR /\\nISCSI_LOGIN_STATUS_INIT_ERR via iscsit_tx_login_rsp() before returning,\\nso the initiator sees an explicit failed-login response rather than a\\nsilent connection drop. (Prior to this patch only the PHASE_OPERATIONAL\\ncaller did that; the PHASE_SECURITY caller is converted to the same\\nshape.)\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/target/iscsi/iscsi_target_nego.c\",\"drivers/target/iscsi/iscsi_target_parameters.c\",\"drivers/target/iscsi/iscsi_target_parameters.h\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01\",\"lessThan\":\"cb84e974fb172bc71386289f37b78ea679410b39\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01\",\"lessThan\":\"b19382dfc6e7dee6d3859ba44b6ca29e97a51627\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01\",\"lessThan\":\"efe633e600a0ac68357206fede21b1ac8178f3b8\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01\",\"lessThan\":\"4e9f0c4a645c995bc75c06c7b3644254ffb4c76b\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01\",\"lessThan\":\"30bf335e8fe170322080ee001f05ca29c50680b3\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01\",\"lessThan\":\"594a40360012ce5f94c715d5e3b20fa3af7d525a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01\",\"lessThan\":\"26e4a304b7e6f1338c675d527608d32549c091db\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"e48354ce078c079996f89d715dfa44814b4eba01\",\"lessThan\":\"bf33e01f88388c43e285492a63e539df6ffed64c\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/target/iscsi/iscsi_target_nego.c\",\"drivers/target/iscsi/iscsi_target_parameters.c\",\"drivers/target/iscsi/iscsi_target_parameters.h\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"3.1\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.259\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.210\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.176\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.143\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.93\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.35\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.0.12\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.0.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/26e4a304b7e6f1338c675d527608d32549c091db\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/30bf335e8fe170322080ee001f05ca29c50680b3\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4e9f0c4a645c995bc75c06c7b3644254ffb4c76b\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/594a40360012ce5f94c715d5e3b20fa3af7d525a\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b19382dfc6e7dee6d3859ba44b6ca29e97a51627\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bf33e01f88388c43e285492a63e539df6ffed64c\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/cb84e974fb172bc71386289f37b78ea679410b39\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/efe633e600a0ac68357206fede21b1ac8178f3b8\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-20T04:54:12+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-63887",
      "id": "CVE-2026-63887",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-19T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:fixed": "459",
      "product_status:known_affected": "136",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "14",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: scsi: target: iscsi: Bound iscsi_encode_text_output() appends to rsp_buf",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-63887.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-06T01:11:06Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-63887",
      "id": "CVE-2026-63887",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-21T13:04:12Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "296",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-63887",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-63887.json",
      "version": "4"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.