CVE-2026-63818 (GCVE-0-2026-63818)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-19 12:02 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:36
VLAI
Title
f2fs: validate orphan inode entry count
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: f2fs: validate orphan inode entry count f2fs_recover_orphan_inodes() trusts the orphan block entry_count when replaying orphan inodes from the checkpoint pack. A corrupted entry_count larger than F2FS_ORPHANS_PER_BLOCK makes the recovery loop read past the ino[] array and interpret footer or following data as inode numbers. On a crafted image, mounting an unpatched kernel can drive orphan recovery into f2fs_bug_on() and panic the kernel. Validate entry_count before consuming entries so corrupted checkpoint data fails the mount with -EFSCORRUPTED and requests fsck instead. Set ERROR_INCONSISTENT_ORPHAN as well, so the corruption reason can be recorded in the superblock s_errors[] field. This gives fsck a persistent hint even though mount-time orphan recovery failure may leave no chance to persist SBI_NEED_FSCK through a checkpoint.
Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7 , < 210c210c92d78fdf5051bc55c5c69044b1a2150a (git)
Affected: 127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7 , < ad101d15716f5a24d1fa82a849f80430c805a3dd (git)
Affected: 127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7 , < d18c81f5d0ecd5796aa47d66d98f2dd54d8d0f70 (git)
Affected: 127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7 , < d2f236196d542ccd8505736e41c3a1d3f0305f6f (git)
Affected: 127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7 , < 550511a2470f6d204fa07b331f048bd2d3c51280 (git)
Affected: 127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7 , < 8aad54746c251f2c2370118df766c0c82e2d2091 (git)
Affected: 127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7 , < 2e12381d4495dc8b0ff042c6856022b2e359835c (git)
Affected: 127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7 , < 846c499a65816d13f1186e3090e825e8bb8bcb8b (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 3.8
Unaffected: 0 , < 3.8 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.261 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.212 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.178 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.145 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.96 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.38 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.3 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2-rc1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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{
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nf2fs: validate orphan inode entry count\n\nf2fs_recover_orphan_inodes() trusts the orphan block entry_count when\nreplaying orphan inodes from the checkpoint pack. A corrupted entry_count\nlarger than F2FS_ORPHANS_PER_BLOCK makes the recovery loop read past the\nino[] array and interpret footer or following data as inode numbers.\n\nOn a crafted image, mounting an unpatched kernel can drive orphan recovery\ninto f2fs_bug_on() and panic the kernel. Validate entry_count before\nconsuming entries so corrupted checkpoint data fails the mount with\n-EFSCORRUPTED and requests fsck instead.\n\nSet ERROR_INCONSISTENT_ORPHAN as well, so the corruption reason can be\nrecorded in the superblock s_errors[] field. This gives fsck a persistent\nhint even though mount-time orphan recovery failure may leave no chance to\npersist SBI_NEED_FSCK through a checkpoint."
        }
      ],
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code runs only during F2FS mount via the mount syscall path (fs_context \u2192 get_tree_bdev \u2192 f2fs_fill_super \u2192 f2fs_recover_orphan_inodes); it is not reachable from network protocols or device drivers.\nAC:L - An attacker fully controls the crafted on-disk orphan block including entry_count and ino[] contents, so triggering the bug is reliable once a victim or privileged auto-mount path mounts the image; no race or rare layout dependency is required.\nPR:N - The attacker needs no privileges on the victim system\u2014only a malicious F2FS image delivered via removable media, downloaded disk image, or similar that a privileged mount/auto-mount daemon later processes.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required when the attacker mounts their own crafted image (e.g., loop mount in a user namespace with CAP_SYS_ADMIN), and automated privileged mount paths can process attacker-supplied media without further user action.\nS:U - Impact is confined to kernel/filesystem integrity and availability on the host mounting the image; it does not cross a VM, container, or IOMMU security boundary.\nC:H - The unchecked loop indexes past ino[F2FS_ORPHANS_PER_BLOCK-1] into the block footer and beyond the 4 KiB orphan block, constituting an out-of-bounds read of attacker-influenced metadata that can leak kernel-adjacent memory contents.\nI:H - Misinterpreted inode numbers are passed to recover_orphan_inode(), which clear_nlink() and iput() (truncating data) on matching real inodes, enabling deliberate destruction of filesystem contents from a crafted image.\nA:H - Crafted entry_count values drive f2fs_bug_on() on -ENOENT (kernel BUG/panic with CONFIG_F2FS_CHECK_FS, or WARN/oops otherwise) and can hang or crash the system during mount via unbounded orphan recovery iteration."
            }
          ]
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      ],
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:36:04.694Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
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    "cveId": "CVE-2026-63818",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-19T12:02:17.022Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T07:54:57.014Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:36:04.694Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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  "dataVersion": "5.2",
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      "date": "2026-08-10",
      "epss": "0.0014",
      "percentile": "0.03784"
    },
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      "cve": "CVE-2026-63818",
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      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
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      "title": "f2fs: validate orphan inode entry count",
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      "version": "2"
    },
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Validate entry_count before\\nconsuming entries so corrupted checkpoint data fails the mount with\\n-EFSCORRUPTED and requests fsck instead.\\n\\nSet ERROR_INCONSISTENT_ORPHAN as well, so the corruption reason can be\\nrecorded in the superblock s_errors[] field. This gives fsck a persistent\\nhint even though mount-time orphan recovery failure may leave no chance to\\npersist SBI_NEED_FSCK through a checkpoint.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c\",\"include/linux/f2fs_fs.h\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7\",\"lessThan\":\"210c210c92d78fdf5051bc55c5c69044b1a2150a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7\",\"lessThan\":\"ad101d15716f5a24d1fa82a849f80430c805a3dd\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7\",\"lessThan\":\"d18c81f5d0ecd5796aa47d66d98f2dd54d8d0f70\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7\",\"lessThan\":\"d2f236196d542ccd8505736e41c3a1d3f0305f6f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7\",\"lessThan\":\"550511a2470f6d204fa07b331f048bd2d3c51280\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7\",\"lessThan\":\"8aad54746c251f2c2370118df766c0c82e2d2091\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7\",\"lessThan\":\"2e12381d4495dc8b0ff042c6856022b2e359835c\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"127e670abfa7fa150f6550d620ded930f5bdb4e7\",\"lessThan\":\"846c499a65816d13f1186e3090e825e8bb8bcb8b\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"fs/f2fs/checkpoint.c\",\"include/linux/f2fs_fs.h\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"3.8\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"3.8\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.261\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.212\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.178\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.145\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.96\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.38\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.3\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2-rc1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":8.4,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":2.5,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/210c210c92d78fdf5051bc55c5c69044b1a2150a\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2e12381d4495dc8b0ff042c6856022b2e359835c\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/550511a2470f6d204fa07b331f048bd2d3c51280\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/846c499a65816d13f1186e3090e825e8bb8bcb8b\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8aad54746c251f2c2370118df766c0c82e2d2091\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ad101d15716f5a24d1fa82a849f80430c805a3dd\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d18c81f5d0ecd5796aa47d66d98f2dd54d8d0f70\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d2f236196d542ccd8505736e41c3a1d3f0305f6f\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\"}]}}",
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "None",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-25T03:02:57+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-63818",
      "id": "CVE-2026-63818",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-19T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: f2fs: validate orphan inode entry count",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-63818.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-21T13:04:50Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-63818",
      "id": "CVE-2026-63818",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-19T17:34:46Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "280",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "4",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-63818",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-63818.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.