Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-787
Allowed-with-ReviewOut-of-bounds Write
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product writes data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.
15267 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-71263 (GCVE-0-2026-71263)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 12:26 – Updated: 2026-08-05 15:39
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeModbus LINUXTCP Port Off-by-One Global Buffer Overflow in xMBPortTCPPool()
Summary
The LINUXTCP port of FreeModbus contains an off-by-one bounds check in xMBPortTCPPool() (demo/LINUXTCP/port/porttcp.c). The check `if (usTCPFrameBytesLeft > MB_TCP_BUF_SIZE)` uses a strict greater-than comparison instead of greater-than-or-equal against the 263-byte MB_TCP_BUF_SIZE limit. An MBAP frame with a Length field of 264 makes usTCPFrameBytesLeft equal to 263, which passes the flawed check, and the subsequent recv() call writes up to 263 bytes starting at buffer offset 7 into the 263-byte static buffer aucTCPBuf, overflowing it by 7 bytes into the adjacent static variable usTCPBufPos. A single crafted, unauthenticated Modbus TCP packet triggers the overflow, since Modbus has no built-in authentication.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| cwalter-at | FreeModbus |
Affected:
0 , ≤ *
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-71255 (GCVE-0-2026-71255)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 11:44 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
nanoMODBUS Client-Side Out-of-Bounds Write via object_length in recv_read_device_identification_res()
Summary
nanoMODBUS through v1.23.0 contains an out-of-bounds write in the Modbus client-side recv_read_device_identification_res() function (FC 0x2B/MEI 0x0E, Read Device Identification) in nanomodbus.c. The server-supplied object_length field (0-246) is validated only against the remaining PDU size (res_size_left) and is never validated against the caller-supplied buffers_length parameter. After copying data with strncpy(buffers_out[buf_index], str, buffers_length), the code unconditionally writes a NUL terminator at buffers_out[buf_index][object_length]. When a malicious or compromised Modbus server sends a response with object_length greater than or equal to the client's buffers_length, this NUL write lands past the end of the caller-provided buffer, corrupting adjacent stack or heap memory on the client.
Severity
8.6 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| debevv | nanoMODBUS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.23.0
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-71254 (GCVE-0-2026-71254)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 11:44 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
nanoMODBUS Server-Side Out-of-Bounds Write in handle_read_file_record()
Summary
nanoMODBUS through v1.23.0 contains an out-of-bounds write in the Modbus server-side handle_read_file_record() function (FC 0x14, Read File Record) in nanomodbus.c. The function validates that the total request size does not exceed 245 bytes and that each sub-request's record_length is at most 124, but it never validates the CUMULATIVE response size across all sub-requests before processing them. The accumulator response_data_size is declared as uint8_t and is incremented by 2 + record_length*2 for each of up to 35 sub-requests; with 35 sub-requests of record_length=124, the cumulative demand is 8750 bytes, which overflows the uint8_t accumulator. A subsequent loop then calls get_n(), an internal function with no bounds checking, once per sub-request to obtain a pointer into the 260-byte msg.buf receive buffer and advances the internal buf_idx by up to 248 bytes per call; swap_regs() then writes to that pointer unconditionally. A single crafted FC 0x14 request from an unauthenticated network client can cause up to ~8490 bytes to be written out of bounds past the 260-byte buffer, corrupting adjacent memory in the server process and leading to denial of service or potential remote code execution, particularly on embedded/bare-metal targets without memory protection.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| debevv | nanoMODBUS |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.23.0
(semver)
|
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CVE-2026-70632 (GCVE-0-2026-70632)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 21:26 – Updated: 2026-08-07 17:20 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg 4.4 < 9.0 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write in CFHD Decoder via AVI Demuxing
Summary
FFmpeg versions from 4.4 up to, but not including, 9.0 contain an out-of-bounds heap write vulnerability in the native GoPro CineForm HD (CFHD) decoder that allows remote attackers to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted AVI file during stream probing. The cfhd_decode() function fails to enforce the non-Bayer logical output-width invariant in the transform-type-2 reconstruction path, causing horiz_filter_clip() to write oversized 16-bit sample rows far beyond the allocated output frame buffer, which can be escalated to arbitrary code execution via overwrite of a live cleanup callback pointer.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23898 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/1006… | related |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/db05… | patch |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/16b2… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-heap-… | third-party-advisory |
Date Public
2026-07-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-70628 (GCVE-0-2026-70628)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-06 21:24 – Updated: 2026-08-07 17:10 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg 0.5 < 9.0 DVB Subtitle Parser Heap Buffer Overflow via WTV File
Summary
FFmpeg versions from 0.5 up to, but not including, 9.0 contain a signed integer overflow vulnerability in the DVB subtitle parser in libavcodec/dvbsub_parser.c that allows attackers to trigger a heap buffer overflow by supplying a crafted WTV file. The overflow causes the bounds-check guard expression to wrap to INT_MIN, bypassing the PARSE_BUF_SIZE comparison and invoking memcpy() with attacker-controlled data into a heap buffer, resulting in an out-of-bounds heap write and potential memory corruption or code execution.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23897 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/c6ec… | related |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/93f2… | patch |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/02fc… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-dvb-s… | third-party-advisory |
Date Public
2026-07-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-68579 (GCVE-0-2026-68579)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-02 12:15 – Updated: 2026-08-03 15:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeRDP before 3.30.0 Heap Overflow via CliprdrStream_Read
Summary
FreeRDP before 3.30.0 (<= 3.29.0) contains a heap-based buffer overflow in the Windows clipboard client's CliprdrStream_Read function (client/Windows/wf_cliprdr.c). When an OLE paste consumer (e.g. explorer.exe) calls IStream::Read with a fixed-size buffer of cb bytes, CliprdrStream_Read requests file contents from the RDP server and then copies the response into the caller's buffer using the server-supplied length (req_fsize) instead of cb. A malicious or compromised RDP server can return an oversized CB_FILECONTENTS_RESPONSE, causing an out-of-bounds write of attacker-controlled data into the paste consumer's heap buffer when a user pastes server-offered clipboard file contents.
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advis… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/commit/5e8e987… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freerdp-befo… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-20 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-66041 (GCVE-0-2026-66041)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-24 19:54 – Updated: 2026-07-29 03:55 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg 7.0 - 8.1.2 Heap Out-of-Bounds Write via vf_quirc Filter
Summary
FFmpeg 7.0 through 8.1.2, fixed in commit 4da9812, contains a heap out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the vf_quirc filter that allows an attacker to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted PGS/SUP subtitle file with mismatched frame dimensions. Attackers can provide a subtitle file whose second presentation has larger dimensions than its first, causing av_image_copy_plane() to copy data exceeding the initial allocation size into the undersized libquirc grayscale image buffer, resulting in heap corruption and process crash with potential for code execution.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23625 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/4da9… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-heap-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-04 00:00
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CVE-2026-65706 (GCVE-0-2026-65706)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-23 19:05 – Updated: 2026-07-28 01:06 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg 3.0 - 8.1.2 vf_swaprect Out-of-Bounds Write via NV12 Frame Processing
Summary
FFmpeg versions 3.0 through 8.1.2 contain an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the vf_swaprect video filter that allows attackers to corrupt heap memory by supplying a crafted NV12 video frame with odd width dimensions. The filter_frame() function reuses a temporary row buffer sized for plane 0's single-byte pixel step across all planes, causing an 18-byte memcpy into a 17-byte heap allocation when processing the two-byte-per-sample interleaved chroma plane of a 17x16 NV12 frame, resulting in heap corruption and process crash with potential for code execution.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23779 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/a7e3… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-vf-sw… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-11 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-65705 (GCVE-0-2026-65705)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-23 19:00 – Updated: 2026-07-28 01:06 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg 3.4 - 8.1.2 vf_floodfill Out-of-Bounds Write via filter_frame()
Summary
FFmpeg versions 3.4 through 8.1.2 contain an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the vf_floodfill video filter that allows attackers to corrupt heap memory by supplying a dynamically sized video stream with filtergraph reinitialization disabled via -reinit_filter 0. When config_input() allocates the points traversal stack based on initial frame dimensions and a subsequent larger frame is processed, filter_frame() performs flood-fill neighbor pushes beyond the original allocation boundary, resulting in heap corruption and process crash with potential for code execution depending on heap layout and process hardening.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23780 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/f186… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-vf-fl… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-13 00:00
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CVE-2026-65704 (GCVE-0-2026-65704)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-23 18:55 – Updated: 2026-07-28 01:06 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FFmpeg 8.1.2 Out-of-Bounds Write via TY Demuxer and Shorten Decoder
Summary
FFmpeg through 8.1.2 contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability that allows attackers to cause heap corruption by supplying a crafted ffconcat file processed with the -safe 0 flag. The TY demuxer's demux_audio() function decrements packet size without bounds checking, producing a negative size value that is passed to memcpy() in shorten_decode_frame(), where conversion to size_t wraps the value to near SIZE_MAX and triggers reads beyond the source allocation and writes far beyond the Shorten decoder's bitstream buffer.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/pulls/23767 | issue-tracking |
| https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/commit/de77… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/ffmpeg-out-o… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-07-13 00:00
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Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation MIT-4.1
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-9
Implementation
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation
Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation
Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.