CVE-2026-63803 (GCVE-0-2026-63803)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-19 12:02 – Updated: 2026-08-05 12:35
VLAI
Title
hdlc_ppp: sync per-proto timers before freeing hdlc state
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: hdlc_ppp: sync per-proto timers before freeing hdlc state Each PPP control protocol (LCP/IPCP/IPV6CP) embedded in struct ppp registers a timer via timer_setup(). That struct ppp is the hdlc->state allocation, which detach_hdlc_protocol() frees with kfree() in both teardown paths: unregister_hdlc_device() and the re-attach inside attach_hdlc_protocol(). The ppp proto never registered a .detach callback, so detach_hdlc_protocol() performs no timer synchronization before the kfree(). The only cancel, timer_delete(&proto->timer) in ppp_cp_event(), is partial (it does not wait for a running callback) and only runs on the ->CLOSED transition; ppp_stop()/ppp_close() do not sync either. A ppp_timer callback already executing (blocked on ppp->lock) survives the kfree and then dereferences proto->state / ppp->lock in freed memory, leading to a use-after-free. Fix this by adding a .detach helper that calls timer_shutdown_sync() on every per-proto timer. detach_hdlc_protocol() invokes proto->detach(dev) before kfree(hdlc->state), so timer_shutdown_sync() now runs on both free paths. timer_shutdown_sync() is used instead of timer_delete_sync() because the keepalive path re-arms the timer through add_timer()/mod_timer() and shutdown blocks any re-activation during teardown. Initialize the per-protocol timers in ppp_ioctl() when the protocol is attached, and remove the now-redundant timer_setup() from ppp_start(), so that the timers are initialized exactly once at attach time and ppp_timer_release() never operates on uninitialized timer_list structures. attach_hdlc_protocol() uses kmalloc() (not kzalloc), so struct ppp's protos[i].timer is uninitialized garbage until the first timer_setup(); without this init-at-attach, attaching the PPP protocol without ever bringing the device up would leave timer_shutdown_sync() operating on uninitialized memory in .detach. Moving the init out of ppp_start() (which only runs on NETDEV_UP) into the attach path makes the initialization unconditional and avoids initializing the same timer_list twice. This bug was found by static analysis.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 86d80a231bde4cfb64bfbfbfffd83056fc93628f (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 8308122bc9c065b1f376e081ed300129a2ac9545 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < ce8f9ddca0c9f217342a8b49efd309aa35b81a36 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 508a0139d3bf60f6a03d2fbfb63a89a9463d983a (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < c64dbef1c0fbd36f9530aa75112acdf6a6d3cfd8 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < 5a84398101bf9f11e84b176343e4e3ba83e668c0 (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < a594debfd4e7ec39413647458907f689ef57fd2f (git)
Affected: 1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2 , < c78a4e41ab5ead6193ad8a2dd92e8906bae659fa (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 2.6.12
Unaffected: 0 , < 2.6.12 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.261 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.211 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.177 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.144 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.95 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.38 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.1.3 , ≤ 7.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.2-rc1 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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{
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              "version": "6.1.177",
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nhdlc_ppp: sync per-proto timers before freeing hdlc state\n\nEach PPP control protocol (LCP/IPCP/IPV6CP) embedded in struct ppp\nregisters a timer via timer_setup(). That struct ppp is the\nhdlc-\u003estate allocation, which detach_hdlc_protocol() frees with kfree()\nin both teardown paths: unregister_hdlc_device() and the re-attach inside\nattach_hdlc_protocol().\n\nThe ppp proto never registered a .detach callback, so\ndetach_hdlc_protocol() performs no timer synchronization before the\nkfree(). The only cancel, timer_delete(\u0026proto-\u003etimer) in ppp_cp_event(),\nis partial (it does not wait for a running callback) and only runs on the\n-\u003eCLOSED transition; ppp_stop()/ppp_close() do not sync either. A\nppp_timer callback already executing (blocked on ppp-\u003elock) survives the\nkfree and then dereferences proto-\u003estate / ppp-\u003elock in freed memory,\nleading to a use-after-free.\n\nFix this by adding a .detach helper that calls timer_shutdown_sync() on\nevery per-proto timer. detach_hdlc_protocol() invokes proto-\u003edetach(dev)\nbefore kfree(hdlc-\u003estate), so timer_shutdown_sync()\nnow runs on both free paths.\ntimer_shutdown_sync() is used instead of timer_delete_sync() because the\nkeepalive path re-arms the timer through add_timer()/mod_timer() and\nshutdown blocks any re-activation during teardown.\n\nInitialize the per-protocol timers in ppp_ioctl() when the protocol is\nattached, and remove the now-redundant timer_setup() from ppp_start(), so\nthat the timers are initialized exactly once at attach time and\nppp_timer_release() never operates on uninitialized timer_list\nstructures. attach_hdlc_protocol() uses kmalloc() (not kzalloc), so\nstruct ppp\u0027s protos[i].timer is uninitialized garbage until the first\ntimer_setup(); without this init-at-attach, attaching the PPP protocol\nwithout ever bringing the device up would leave timer_shutdown_sync()\noperating on uninitialized memory in .detach. Moving the init out of\nppp_start() (which only runs on NETDEV_UP) into the attach path makes the\ninitialization unconditional and avoids initializing the same timer_list\ntwice.\n\nThis bug was found by static analysis."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The UAF occurs in detach_hdlc_protocol() during protocol teardown via SIOCWANDEV ioctl or driver unregister, not during packet receive. Remote PPP peers can influence timers but cannot reach the kfree() path without local CAP_NET_ADMIN configuration actions.\nAC:L - An attacker with CAP_NET_ADMIN can reliably trigger the bug by bringing a PPP HDLC interface up (arming timers via ppp_start/LCP), then tearing down or re-attaching the protocol while timers are pending or a ppp_timer callback is blocked on ppp-\u003elock, controlling both sides of the race.\nPR:L - Exploitation requires CAP_NET_ADMIN to attach/detach the PPP protocol via SIOCWANDEV (ppp_ioctl checks capable(CAP_NET_ADMIN)), which is reachable by unprivileged users who create user namespaces with CAP_NET_ADMIN per kernel CVSS guidance.\nUI:N - No victim interaction is required once the attacker has network administration capability on a system with an HDLC WAN device; exploitation is fully attacker-driven through ioctl and interface up/down operations.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel heap memory within the same kernel security boundary, enabling local privilege escalation rather than crossing a VM, container, or IOMMU security boundary.\nC:H - Use-after-free of struct ppp and its embedded spinlock_t allows dereferencing attacker-influenced freed heap memory, which can be leveraged for arbitrary kernel memory read via heap grooming and controlled reuse of the freed slab object.\nI:H - The UAF on struct ppp and ppp-\u003elock provides a standard kernel heap corruption primitive that can be developed into arbitrary write and local privilege escalation through control of reallocated object contents and spinlock corruption.\nA:H - The freed-memory dereference in ppp_timer() causes kernel oops or panic during protocol teardown, and repeated triggering during interface reconfiguration can cause sustained denial of service on WAN router systems."
            }
          ]
        }
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      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:35:51.676Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/86d80a231bde4cfb64bfbfbfffd83056fc93628f"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8308122bc9c065b1f376e081ed300129a2ac9545"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ce8f9ddca0c9f217342a8b49efd309aa35b81a36"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/508a0139d3bf60f6a03d2fbfb63a89a9463d983a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c64dbef1c0fbd36f9530aa75112acdf6a6d3cfd8"
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        {
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c78a4e41ab5ead6193ad8a2dd92e8906bae659fa"
        }
      ],
      "title": "hdlc_ppp: sync per-proto timers before freeing hdlc state",
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    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-63803",
    "datePublished": "2026-07-19T12:02:08.574Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-07-19T07:54:57.013Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T12:35:51.676Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-63803",
      "date": "2026-08-11",
      "epss": "0.00133",
      "percentile": "0.0319"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-20T14:44:08.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-63803",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2026-63803",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-20T01:05:02.000Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "1",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "hdlc_ppp: sync per-proto timers before freeing hdlc state",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2026/msrc_cve-2026-63803.json",
      "version": "2"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-63803\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-07-19T12:16:52.980\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-29T20:03:51.570\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nhdlc_ppp: sync per-proto timers before freeing hdlc state\\n\\nEach PPP control protocol (LCP/IPCP/IPV6CP) embedded in struct ppp\\nregisters a timer via timer_setup(). That struct ppp is the\\nhdlc-\u003estate allocation, which detach_hdlc_protocol() frees with kfree()\\nin both teardown paths: unregister_hdlc_device() and the re-attach inside\\nattach_hdlc_protocol().\\n\\nThe ppp proto never registered a .detach callback, so\\ndetach_hdlc_protocol() performs no timer synchronization before the\\nkfree(). The only cancel, timer_delete(\u0026proto-\u003etimer) in ppp_cp_event(),\\nis partial (it does not wait for a running callback) and only runs on the\\n-\u003eCLOSED transition; ppp_stop()/ppp_close() do not sync either. A\\nppp_timer callback already executing (blocked on ppp-\u003elock) survives the\\nkfree and then dereferences proto-\u003estate / ppp-\u003elock in freed memory,\\nleading to a use-after-free.\\n\\nFix this by adding a .detach helper that calls timer_shutdown_sync() on\\nevery per-proto timer. detach_hdlc_protocol() invokes proto-\u003edetach(dev)\\nbefore kfree(hdlc-\u003estate), so timer_shutdown_sync()\\nnow runs on both free paths.\\ntimer_shutdown_sync() is used instead of timer_delete_sync() because the\\nkeepalive path re-arms the timer through add_timer()/mod_timer() and\\nshutdown blocks any re-activation during teardown.\\n\\nInitialize the per-protocol timers in ppp_ioctl() when the protocol is\\nattached, and remove the now-redundant timer_setup() from ppp_start(), so\\nthat the timers are initialized exactly once at attach time and\\nppp_timer_release() never operates on uninitialized timer_list\\nstructures. attach_hdlc_protocol() uses kmalloc() (not kzalloc), so\\nstruct ppp\u0027s protos[i].timer is uninitialized garbage until the first\\ntimer_setup(); without this init-at-attach, attaching the PPP protocol\\nwithout ever bringing the device up would leave timer_shutdown_sync()\\noperating on uninitialized memory in .detach. Moving the init out of\\nppp_start() (which only runs on NETDEV_UP) into the attach path makes the\\ninitialization unconditional and avoids initializing the same timer_list\\ntwice.\\n\\nThis bug was found by static analysis.\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/net/wan/hdlc_ppp.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"86d80a231bde4cfb64bfbfbfffd83056fc93628f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"8308122bc9c065b1f376e081ed300129a2ac9545\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"ce8f9ddca0c9f217342a8b49efd309aa35b81a36\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"508a0139d3bf60f6a03d2fbfb63a89a9463d983a\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"c64dbef1c0fbd36f9530aa75112acdf6a6d3cfd8\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"5a84398101bf9f11e84b176343e4e3ba83e668c0\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"a594debfd4e7ec39413647458907f689ef57fd2f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"1da177e4c3f41524e886b7f1b8a0c1fc7321cac2\",\"lessThan\":\"c78a4e41ab5ead6193ad8a2dd92e8906bae659fa\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/net/wan/hdlc_ppp.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"2.6.12\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"2.6.12\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.261\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.211\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.177\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.144\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.95\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.18.38\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.18.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.1.3\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"7.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"7.2-rc1\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.8,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.9}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-416\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"2.6.12.1\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.10.261\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"957C42C7-357C-4EAA-BCE7-2A8821A5B248\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.11\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.15.211\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D71C101E-388C-4A46-BD99-49049F7C5CFF\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.16\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.1.177\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"333C9E30-7FD4-46A2-94EF-C1AA1F3EE28B\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.2\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.144\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"C8AD3BC8-C843-423C-B9DB-CB52F67F578E\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.7\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.12.95\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"4E206B86-E0E3-4394-A93F-39F2D50A8AA8\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.13\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.18.38\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"FA591B28-5D62-449E-BDBE-3C9391BF070A\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:l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    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-20T16:47:04+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-63803",
      "id": "CVE-2026-63803",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-19T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "274",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: hdlc_ppp: sync per-proto timers before freeing hdlc state",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-63803.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "important",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-21T13:05:08Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2026-63803",
      "id": "CVE-2026-63803",
      "initial_release_date": "2026-07-19T17:35:02Z",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2026-63803",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2026-63803.json",
      "version": "3"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.