CWE-522
Allowed-with-ReviewInsufficiently Protected Credentials
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
2014 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GCVE-1-2026-20107 (CVE-2026-78555)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-08-24 19:38 – Updated: 2026-08-24 19:51| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/RansomLook/RansomLook/commit/b… | patch |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ransomlook | ransomlook |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.0.0
(patch)
|
{
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"source": {
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GCVE-1-2026-20058 (CVE-2026-90895)
Vulnerability from gna-1 – Published: 2026-09-14 09:40 – Updated: 2026-09-14 09:40| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/cd9f548ed | patch |
qwen3.8:27b
advisory
bcp-05-x-01bcp-05-x-02
Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.
| Model | Source | Identifier |
|---|---|---|
| qwen3.8:27b | ollama | qwen3.8:27b |
- Generator
-
patch2vuln.pyon 2026-09-14 09:16 - Model
qwen3.8:27b- Input
-
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/cd9f548ed.patch
1993ed3ac039… - Confidence
- high
| Commit | Subject | Patch SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|
cd9f548ed808
|
fix: [cli] Route interactive CLI shell authorization through | 1993ed3ac039… |
Fix summary
The fix replaces the shell's hand-rolled authorization logic with the same model-level accessors used by the web interface (Event::fetchSimpleEvent, MispAttribute::fetchAttributes, MispObject::fetchObjects, SharingGroup::checkIfAuthorised, Organisation::canSee), ensuring read and write operations enforce identical ACL rules. Credential columns are excluded at the query level via a hiddenFields mechanism so they are never fetched from the database. The inline detail editor now delegates to the entity-specific edit handlers, which enforce per-record write authorization. All terminal output passes through a sanitiser that neutralises C0/C1 control characters, ANSI escape sequences, and Unicode bidirectional overrides. Pagination is clamped to a safe range (1-1000) to prevent unbounded result sets.
Patch summary
Replaced hand-rolled ACL conditions in attribute, object, feed, sharing-group, and organisation queries with calls to the model's authorized fetch methods (fetchAttributes, fetchObjects, fetchSimpleEvent, checkIfAuthorised, canSee). Added hiddenFields configuration for server (authkey), feed (headers), and user (password, authkey, totp, hotp_counter, external_auth_key) so credential columns are excluded from SQL SELECT. Added __detailFields() to build the field list excluding hidden columns. Rewrote __editDetailField() to delegate to entity-specific edit handlers with a $fields parameter, eliminating the unguarded direct save(). Added __canWriteEntity() and __denyWrite() as a unified write-authorization gate for add/edit/delete. Added __term() sanitiser applied via overridden out()/err() methods and __termRows() for list data, neutralising C0/C1 controls, DEL, and Unicode bidi characters. Added __normalisePagination() to clamp limit to 1-1000 and page to >=1. Added __warnUnsupportedFilters() to report ignored
CVSS rationale
AV:L: The CLI shell is a local console command requiring SSH or local shell access to the MISP server. AC:L: No race conditions or special timing are needed; the unguarded write path and missing ACL checks are deterministic. AT:N: The authorization bypass and credential exposure require no target interaction. PR:L: Any authenticated MISP user with basic permissions (perm_add) can exploit the write bypass and read credential columns. UI:N: The core authorization bypass and data exposure do not require the victim to perform any action. VC:H: Sensitive credentials (feed HTTP auth, server sync key, user passwords/TOTP) are exposed. VI:H: An attacker can modify events, attributes, and objects they should not be able to change. VA:H: An attacker can read records (feeds, organisations, hidden tags) outside their authorized scope. SC/SI/SA:N: Impact is confined to the local MISP instance and its data.
Weakness rationale
- CWE-862 The primary vulnerability: the inline detail editor saved records without enforcing per-record write authorization, and list/detail queries used incomplete ACL conditions that did not match the web interface's access rules. A user who could read a record could modify it, and could read records (feeds, organisations, tags) the web would not expose.
- CWE-200 Credential columns (Feed.headers, Server.authkey, User.password/authkey/totp/hotp_counter/external_auth_key) were fetched from the database and exposed in CLI output to users who should not have access, and organisation/tag visibility settings were not enforced.
- CWE-150 Database values containing ANSI escape sequences, C0/C1 control characters, or Unicode bidirectional override characters were printed verbatim to the terminal, allowing output forgery, window retitling, and visual manipulation of displayed indicators.
- CWE-400 A limit value of zero, negative, or non-numeric caused the ORM to omit the SQL LIMIT clause, returning the entire table into memory and enabling denial of service.
Assumptions to verify
- The CLI shell is accessible to any authenticated MISP user with local/SSH access to the server; no additional authentication layer is assumed.
- The affected version range is not precisely bounded; the fix commit is 184 commits after tag v2.5.46, but the exact release version containing the fix is not stated in the patch metadata.
- CVSS assumes the attacker already possesses a low-privilege MISP account and local shell access; remote exploitation without local access is not assessed.
- The terminal injection impact (VC:H) is assessed on the basis that an analyst's terminal session is the primary trust boundary for indicator review; in automated/piped contexts the impact may be lower.
- The unguarded write path is assessed as allowing modification of any readable record, not limited to specific entity types, based on the patch comment stating 'a user rewrite any record they could read'.
Model comparison
Selected qwen3.8:27b
by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.
| Model | Score | Agreement | Confidence | Assumptions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
qwen3.8:27b |
6 | 9 | high | 5 |
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CVE-2026-17569 (GCVE-0-2026-17569)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-27 17:37 – Updated: 2026-07-28 13:45- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Devolutions | Server |
Affected:
0 , < 2026.1.24
(custom)
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CVE-2026-17349 (GCVE-0-2026-17349)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-31 15:59 – Updated: 2026-08-01 03:56| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10200 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/a7… | related |
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/64… | patch |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pgadmin.org | pgAdmin 4 |
Affected:
9.0 , < 9.17
(custom)
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CVE-2026-16553 (GCVE-0-2026-16553)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-29 18:59 – Updated: 2026-07-29 19:31- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
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CVE-2026-15806 (GCVE-0-2026-15806)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 15:50 – Updated: 2026-09-02 00:38| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Python Software Foundation | CPython |
Affected:
0 , < 3.15.0rc2
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CVE-2026-14564 (GCVE-0-2026-14564)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-17 12:26 – Updated: 2026-08-17 14:47- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimler… | government-resource |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Innotim Software Telecommunications and Consulting Trade Ltd. Co. | Logsign SIEM |
Affected:
6.4.97 , < 6.4.114
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CVE-2026-14354 (GCVE-0-2026-14354)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-29 11:54 – Updated: 2026-07-29 12:42- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schneider Electric | EcoStruxure™ Cybersecurity Admin Expert |
Affected:
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CVE-2026-12984 (GCVE-0-2026-12984)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 12:37 – Updated: 2026-08-20 13:43- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimler… | government-resource |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
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| Zyxel Networks | WAH7601 |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 20072026
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CVE-2026-11921 (GCVE-0-2026-11921)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-15 17:27 – Updated: 2026-09-17 16:31- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7286188 | vendor-advisorypatch |
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | Verify Identity Access |
Affected:
11.0.0 , ≤ 11.0.3 Interim Fix 001
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access:11.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:verify_identity_access:11.0.3:interim_fix_001:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| IBM | Security Verify Access |
Affected:
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|
| IBM | Verify Identity Access Container |
Affected:
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|
| IBM | Security Verify Access Container |
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"value": "\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eIBM encourages customers to update their systems promptly.\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAppliance\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cdiv\u003e\u003ctable\u003e\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003eAffected Products\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003eFix availability\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003eIBM Verify Identity Access\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/quickorder?product=ibm%2FTivoli%2FIBM+Verify+Identity+Access\u0026amp;fixids=11.0.3.0-ISS-IVIA-IF0002\u0026amp;source=SAR\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eDownload IBM Verify Identity Access v11.0.3 IF2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003eIBM Security Verify Access\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003ctd\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/support/fixcentral/quickorder?product=ibm%2FTivoli%2FIBM+Security+Verify+Access\u0026amp;fixids=10.0.9.2-ISS-ISVA-IF0002\u0026amp;source=SAR\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eDownload IBM Security Verify Access v10.0.9.2 IF2\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/td\u003e\u003c/tr\u003e\u003c/thead\u003e\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eContainer\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https://docs.verify.ibm.com/ibm-security-verify-access/docs/containers\" rel=\"nofollow\"\u003eContainer Download\u003c/a\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "IBM encourages customers to update their systems promptly.\n\nAppliance\nAffected Products\nFix availability\nIBM Verify Identity Access\nDownload IBM Verify Identity Access v11.0.3 IF2\nIBM Security Verify Access\nDownload IBM Security Verify Access v10.0.9.2 IF2\n\nContainer\n\nContainer Download"
}
],
"title": "Security vulnerabilities have been addressed in IBM Verify Identity Access and IBM Security Verify Access"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "9a959283-ebb5-44b6-b705-dcc2bbced522",
"assignerShortName": "ibm",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-11921",
"datePublished": "2026-09-15T17:27:11.723Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-06-10T17:36:43.977Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-17T16:31:58.298Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft
An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.
CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation
An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.