Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-319

Weakness Allowed

Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product transmits sensitive or security-critical data in cleartext in a communication channel that can be sniffed by unauthorized actors.

Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is at the Base level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.

Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-311 · View CWE-1000
ChildOf: CWE-311 · View CWE-1003
Modes of introduction
Architecture and Design

OMISSION: This weakness is caused by missing a security tactic during the architecture and design phase.

Architecture and Design

For hardware, this may be introduced when design does not plan for an attacker having physical access while a legitimate user is remotely operating the device.

Operation
System Configuration
Detection methods

Black Box

Use monitoring tools that examine the software's process as it interacts with the operating system and the network. This technique is useful in cases when source code is unavailable, if the software was not developed by you, or if you want to verify that the build phase did not introduce any new weaknesses. Examples include debuggers that directly attach to the running process; system-call tracing utilities such as truss (Solaris) and strace (Linux); system activity monitors such as FileMon, RegMon, Process Monitor, and other Sysinternals utilities (Windows); and sniffers and protocol analyzers that monitor network traffic.

Attach the monitor to the process, trigger the feature that sends the data, and look for the presence or absence of common cryptographic functions in the call tree. Monitor the network and determine if the data packets contain readable commands. Tools exist for detecting if certain encodings are in use. If the traffic contains high entropy, this might indicate the usage of encryption.

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Effectiveness: High

Notes

Other

Applicable communication channels are not limited to software products. Applicable channels include hardware-specific technologies such as internal hardware networks and external debug channels, supporting remote JTAG debugging. When mitigations are not applied to combat adversaries within the product's threat model, this weakness significantly lowers the difficulty of exploitation by such adversaries.

Content history
Submission: PLOVER · 2006-07-19 · CWE Draft 3
Contribution: Accellera IP Security Assurance (IPSA) Working Group · Accellera Systems Initiative · 2023-01-24 · CWE 4.10

Submitted original contents of CWE-1324 and reviewed its integration into this entry.

Modification: Eric Dalci · Cigital · 2008-07-01 · CWE 1.0

updated Time_of_Introduction

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-09-08 · CWE 1.0

updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-01-12 · CWE 1.2

updated Common_Consequences, Description, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Name, Observed_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-03-10 · CWE 1.3

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-05-27 · CWE 1.4

updated Related_Attack_Patterns

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-02-16 · CWE 1.8

updated References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-04-05 · CWE 1.8.1

updated Applicable_Platforms, Common_Consequences, Time_of_Introduction

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-06-21 · CWE 1.9

updated Detection_Factors, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2010-12-13 · CWE 1.11

updated Observed_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-03-29 · CWE 1.12

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-01 · CWE 1.13

updated Common_Consequences, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Demonstrative_Examples, References, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-02-21 · CWE 2.4

updated Applicable_Platforms, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2013-07-17 · CWE 2.5

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-02-18 · CWE 2.6

updated Related_Attack_Patterns

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-06-23 · CWE 2.7

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-05-03 · CWE 2.11

updated Related_Attack_Patterns

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Likelihood_of_Exploit, Modes_of_Introduction, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2018-01-23 · CWE 3.1

updated Abstraction

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2018-03-27 · CWE 3.1

updated References, Relationships, Type

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-01-03 · CWE 3.2

updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-06-20 · CWE 3.3

updated Relationships, Type

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-10-28 · CWE 4.6

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-06-28 · CWE 4.8

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-10-13 · CWE 4.9

updated Applicable_Platforms, Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-01-31 · CWE 4.10

updated Applicable_Platforms, Demonstrative_Examples, Description, Maintenance_Notes, Modes_of_Introduction, Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated Detection_Factors, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Description, Mapping_Notes, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2024-02-29 · CWE 4.14

updated Demonstrative_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-04-03 · CWE 4.17

updated Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Other_Notes, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-09-09 · CWE 4.18

updated References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated Applicable_Platforms, Maintenance_Notes, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

1314 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-120734 (GCVE-0-2026-120734)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-03 20:37 – Updated: 2026-11-03 20:37
VLAI
Summary
Cleartext transmission of sensitive information in the email configuration test in Devolutions Server 2026.3.13.0 and earlier allows an authenticated user with access to the test action to obtain the stored SMTP password via a request that names an attacker-controlled SMTP host.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
Assigner
DEVOLUTIONS CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard E 44/100 over 73 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Devolutions Server Affected: 0 , < 2026.3.13.0 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-118373 (GCVE-0-2026-118373)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-28 02:03 – Updated: 2026-11-05 15:43
VLAI
Title
LibreSSL ocspcheck through 4.4.0 Cleartext Transmission of OCSP Requests via url2host()
Summary
LibreSSL ocspcheck through 4.4.0 contains a cleartext transmission vulnerability because url2host() discards the OCSP URL scheme and http_alloc() only selects TLS for port 443. On-path network attackers can read OCSP requests sent to https responder URLs on non-443 ports, exposing certificate serial numbers, issuer hashes, and nonces.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-05 15:43 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7435 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenBSD LibreSSL Affected: 0 , ≤ 4.4.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:openbsd:libressl:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-16 00:00
Credits
Aziz Elbelaychy (Ostorlab) Kenjiro Nakayama
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-116844 (GCVE-0-2026-116844)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-27 00:34 – Updated: 2026-10-29 10:52
VLAI
Title
Fclairamb ftpserverlib through 0.32.4 Cleartext FTPES Data Transfer via PROT P
Summary
Fclairamb ftpserverlib through 0.32.4 contains a cleartext transmission vulnerability because TransferOpen checks only the transferTLS flag set by PROT, not whether the prepared data connection uses TLS. When a client sends PROT P after PASV or PORT, file contents and directory listings cross the network unencrypted, even with mandatory encryption, letting on-path attackers read or modify them.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
4.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-27 13:42 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7435 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
fclairamb ftpserverlib Affected: 0 , ≤ 0.32.4 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Syncplify, Inc. Syncplify Server! Affected: 0 , ≤ 8.8.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-23 00:00
Credits
Che Agg Truvat drakkan
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-116200 (GCVE-0-2026-116200)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-25 13:20 – Updated: 2026-11-04 16:05
VLAI
Title
Snipe-IT before 8.6.3 LDAP StartTLS Downgrade via connectToLdap()
Summary
Snipe-IT before 8.6.3 ignores the ldap_start_tls() return value in Ldap::connectToLdap(), allowing on-path attackers to force cleartext LDAP binds. Attackers can answer the StartTLS request with a protocol error to capture service-account credentials and end-user login passwords.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-04 16:05 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7435 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
grokability snipe-it Affected: 0 , < 8.6.3 (semver)
Unaffected: 8.6.3 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:snipeitapp:snipe-it:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-08 00:00
Credits
builtbybrayden snipe
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-116196 (GCVE-0-2026-116196)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-25 13:20 – Updated: 2026-11-04 17:24
VLAI
Title
Rclone before v1.75.2 B2 Credential Leak on Redirect via --b2-download-url
Summary
Rclone before v1.75.2 contains a credential exposure vulnerability in the b2 backend that leaks the live account Authorization token and SSE-C keys on HTTP redirects from --b2-download-url hosts. Attackers can observe a same-host HTTPS-to-HTTP downgrade redirect to capture the cleartext B2 token, or receive cross-host redirects disclosing SSE-C customer encryption keys.
Severity
6 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
5.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-04 17:23 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7435 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
rclone rclone Affected: 0 , < 1.75.2 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.75.2 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:rclone:rclone:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-09 00:00
Credits
sonicnew iaohkut ncw
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-116166 (GCVE-0-2026-116166)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-25 13:20 – Updated: 2026-10-29 16:12
VLAI
Title
SiYuan 3.6.0 before 3.8.7 Cleartext Transmission via Unenforced networkServeTLS Setting
Summary
SiYuan 3.6.0 before 3.8.7 accepts and persists the networkServeTLS setting but never enforces it, so the kernel port keeps serving full API access over plain HTTP alongside HTTPS. Network-adjacent attackers can sniff the cleartext login flow and session cookie, which lacks the Secure attribute while responses omit HSTS, to hijack kernel API sessions.
Severity
7.6 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-29 16:12 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 7435 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
siyuan-note siyuan Affected: 3.6.0 , < 3.8.7 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.8.7 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:b3log:siyuan:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-09 00:00
Credits
lwierzbicki
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-116114 (GCVE-0-2026-116114)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-26 03:30 – Updated: 2026-10-26 16:36
VLAI
Title
Yoosee GM8135S Camera Live UDP H.264 Video Stream npc cleartext transmission
Summary
A weakness has been identified in Yoosee GM8135S Camera 21.00.01.36. This affects an unknown function of the file /npc/npc of the component Live UDP H.264 Video Stream Handler. This manipulation causes cleartext transmission of sensitive information. The attack can be initiated remotely. The attack's complexity is rated as high. The exploitability is reported as difficult. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:C
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-26 15:59 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
  • CWE-310 - Cryptographic Issues
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 83/100 over 3799 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Yoosee GM8135S Camera Affected: 21.00.01.36
    cpe:2.3:a:yoosee:gm8135s_camera:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
brylleee (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-116105 (GCVE-0-2026-116105)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-26 01:15 – Updated: 2026-10-26 16:37
VLAI
Title
HeyCyan App Network Security Configuration AndroidManifest.xml cleartext transmission
Summary
A weakness has been identified in HeyCyan App 1.0.103 on Android. Affected is an unknown function of the file AndroidManifest.xml of the component Network Security Configuration. Executing a manipulation can lead to cleartext transmission of sensitive information. The attack can be launched remotely. The attack requires a high level of complexity. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:X/RL:X/RC:C
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:X/RL:X/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-26 15:38 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
  • CWE-310 - Cryptographic Issues
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 83/100 over 3799 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a HeyCyan App Affected: 1.0.103
    cpe:2.3:a:heycyan_app:heycyan_app:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Credits
ohackercego (VulDB User) ohackercego (VulDB User) VulDB CNA Team
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2026-115797 (GCVE-0-2026-115797)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-23 20:00 – Updated: 2026-10-29 14:19
VLAI
Title
Tenda F6 Web Management cleartext transmission
Summary
A weakness has been identified in Tenda F6 12.02.01.73. Affected is an unknown function of the component Web Management Interface. Executing a manipulation of the argument ecos_pw can lead to cleartext transmission of sensitive information. The attack may be launched remotely. This attack is characterized by high complexity. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
3.7 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N/E:P/RL:X/RC:R
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-29 14:18 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-319 - Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information
  • CWE-310 - Cryptographic Issues
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 83/100 over 3799 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Tenda F6 Affected: 12.02.01.73
    cpe:2.3:h:tenda:f6:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Abdullah Altamimi Muhannad Alshalan Muhannad Almukhalfi WKZER (VulDB User) WKZER (VulDB User)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
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CVE-2026-115495 (GCVE-0-2026-115495)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-27 15:55 – Updated: 2026-11-04 20:25
VLAI
Title
Mobile VPN with SSL Client for Windows: Cleartext Transmission of VPN Credentials over Local Management Socket
Summary
Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information vulnerability in the WatchGuard Mobile VPN with SSL client for Windows allows a local attacker who can capture loopback traffic to obtain the user’s VPN username and password.
Severity
5.7 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-04 18:42 UTC
CWE
Assigner
WatchGuard CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard A 91/100 over 92 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
WatchGuard Mobile VPN with SSL Client Affected: 12.0 , < 2026.4 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:watchguard:mobile_vpn_with_ssl_client:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-10-27 15:55
Credits
Discovered internally by WatchGuard
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Before transmitting, encrypt the data using reliable, confidentiality-protecting cryptographic protocols.

Mitigation
Implementation

When using web applications with SSL, use SSL for the entire session from login to logout, not just for the initial login page.

Mitigation
Implementation

When designing hardware platforms, ensure that approved encryption algorithms (such as those recommended by NIST) protect paths from security critical data to trusted user applications.

Mitigation
Testing

Use tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session. These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules.

Mitigation
Operation

Configure servers to use encrypted channels for communication, which may include SSL or other secure protocols.

CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking

Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.

CAPEC-117: Interception

An adversary monitors data streams to or from the target for information gathering purposes. This attack may be undertaken to solely gather sensitive information or to support a further attack against the target. This attack pattern can involve sniffing network traffic as well as other types of data streams (e.g. radio). The adversary can attempt to initiate the establishment of a data stream or passively observe the communications as they unfold. In all variants of this attack, the adversary is not the intended recipient of the data stream. In contrast to other means of gathering information (e.g., targeting data leaks), the adversary must actively position themself so as to observe explicit data channels (e.g. network traffic) and read the content. However, this attack differs from a Adversary-In-the-Middle (CAPEC-94) attack, as the adversary does not alter the content of the communications nor forward data to the intended recipient.

CAPEC-383: Harvesting Information via API Event Monitoring

An adversary hosts an event within an application framework and then monitors the data exchanged during the course of the event for the purpose of harvesting any important data leaked during the transactions. One example could be harvesting lists of usernames or userIDs for the purpose of sending spam messages to those users. One example of this type of attack involves the adversary creating an event within the sub-application. Assume the adversary hosts a "virtual sale" of rare items. As other users enter the event, the attacker records via AiTM (CAPEC-94) proxy the user_ids and usernames of everyone who attends. The adversary would then be able to spam those users within the application using an automated script.

CAPEC-477: Signature Spoofing by Mixing Signed and Unsigned Content

An attacker exploits the underlying complexity of a data structure that allows for both signed and unsigned content, to cause unsigned data to be processed as though it were signed data.

CAPEC-65: Sniff Application Code

An adversary passively sniffs network communications and captures application code bound for an authorized client. Once obtained, they can use it as-is, or through reverse-engineering glean sensitive information or exploit the trust relationship between the client and server. Such code may belong to a dynamic update to the client, a patch being applied to a client component or any such interaction where the client is authorized to communicate with the server.

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