Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-522
Allowed-with-ReviewInsufficiently Protected Credentials
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
1811 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2025-23040 (GCVE-0-2025-23040)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-01-15 17:25 – Updated: 2025-01-15 20:16
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Maliciously crafted remote URLs could lead to credential leak in GitHub Desktop
Summary
GitHub Desktop is an open-source Electron-based GitHub app designed for git development. An attacker convincing a user to clone a repository directly or through a submodule can allow the attacker access to the user's credentials through the use of maliciously crafted remote URL. GitHub Desktop relies on Git to perform all network related operations (such as cloning, fetching, and pushing). When a user attempts to clone a repository GitHub Desktop will invoke `git clone` and when Git encounters a remote which requires authentication it will request the credentials for that remote host from GitHub Desktop using the git-credential protocol. Using a maliciously crafted URL it's possible to cause the credential request coming from Git to be misinterpreted by Github Desktop such that it will send credentials for a different host than the host that Git is currently communicating with thereby allowing for secret exfiltration. GitHub username and OAuth token, or credentials for other Git remote hosts stored in GitHub Desktop could be improperly transmitted to an unrelated host. Users should update to GitHub Desktop 3.4.12 or greater which fixes this vulnerability. Users who suspect they may be affected should revoke any relevant credentials.
Severity
6.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/desktop/desktop/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://docs.github.com/en/apps/using-github-apps… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://git-scm.com/docs/git-credential | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2025-22372 (GCVE-0-2025-22372)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-14 15:32 – Updated: 2025-04-15 10:38
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Insecure password storage in SicommNet BASEC
Summary
Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability in SicommNet BASEC on SaaS allows Password Recovery.
Passwords are either stored in plain text using reversible encryption, allowing an attacker with sufficient privileges to extract plain text passwords easily.
This issue affects BASEC: from 14 Dec 2021.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://basec.sicomm.net/login/ | product |
| https://csirt.divd.nl/DIVD-2025-00001 | third-party-advisory |
| https://csirt.divd.nl/CVE-2025-22372 | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2025-04-12 00:00
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CVE-2025-15622 (GCVE-0-2025-15622)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-17 08:35 – Updated: 2026-04-17 12:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sparx Enterprise Architect Client reveals plaintext OAuth2 client secret
Summary
Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability in Sparx Systems Pty Ltd. Sparx Enterprise Architect. Client reveals plaintext OAuth2 client secretDesktop client decodes the secret and uses the plaintext secret to exchange it into an access and id tokens as part of the OpenID authentication flow.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sparx Systems Pty Ltd. | Sparx Enterprise Architect |
Affected:
16.1.1627
Unaffected: 17.1.1714 |
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CVE-2025-15621 (GCVE-0-2025-15621)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-16 12:40 – Updated: 2026-04-16 12:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sparx Enterprise Architect Client does not verify the receiver of OAuth2 credentials during OpenID authentication
Summary
Insufficiently Protected Credentials in Sparx Systems Pty Ltd. Sparx Enterprise Architect. Client does not verify the receiver of OAuth2 credentials during OpenID authentication
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sparx Systems Pty Ltd. | Sparx Enterprise Architect |
Affected:
16.1.1627
Unaffected: 17.1.1714 |
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CVE-2025-15617 (GCVE-0-2025-15617)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 18:04 – Updated: 2026-05-12 20:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wazuh GitHub Actions Workflow Exposure of Sensitive Credentials
Summary
Wazuh version 4.12.0 contains an exposure vulnerability in GitHub Actions workflow artifacts that allows attackers to extract the GITHUB_TOKEN from uploaded artifacts. Attackers can use the exposed token within a limited time window to perform unauthorized actions such as pushing malicious commits or altering release tags.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisorie… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/exposure-of-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wazuh | Wazuh (GitHub Actions) |
Affected:
4.12.0
(semver)
|
Date Public
2025-06-16 00:00
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CVE-2025-14790 (GCVE-0-2025-14790)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-25 20:06 – Updated: 2026-03-26 15:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM InfoSphere Information Server is vulnerable to disclosure of sensitive information
Summary
IBM InfoSphere Information Server 11.7.0.0 through 11.7.1.6 could allow an attacker to obtain sensitive information due to insufficiently protected credentials.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7266688 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | InfoSphere Information Server |
Affected:
11.7.0.0 , ≤ 11.7.1.6
(semver)
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CVE-2025-14148 (GCVE-0-2025-14148)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-15 19:43 – Updated: 2025-12-15 20:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IBM DevOps Deploy is susceptible to a Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability
Summary
IBM UCD - IBM DevOps Deploy 8.1 through 8.1.2.3 could allow an authenticated user with LLM integration configuration privileges to recover a previously saved LLM API Token.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7254663 | vendor-advisorypatch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| IBM | UCD - IBM DevOps Deploy |
Affected:
8.1 , ≤ 8.1.2.3
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:ibm:ucd___ibm_devops_deploy:8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:ibm:ucd___ibm_devops_deploy:8.1.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2025-13478 (GCVE-0-2025-13478)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 13:43 – Updated: 2026-03-27 13:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cache Misconfiguration Leading to Cross-User Data Exposure
Summary
Cache misconfiguration vulnerability in OpenText Identity Manager on Windows, Linux allows remote authenticated users to obtain another user's session data via insecure application cache handling. This issue affects Identity Manager: 25.2(v4.10.1).
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OpenText | Identity Manager |
Affected:
25.2(v4.10.1)
|
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CVE-2025-13477 (GCVE-0-2025-13477)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-21 12:41 – Updated: 2026-05-21 14:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OTP Bypass in Digital Operation Services' WifiBurada
Summary
Exposure of private personal information to an unauthorized actor, Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability in Digital Operations Services Inc. WifiBurada allows Authentication Bypass.
This issue affects WifiBurada: through 21052026. NOTE: The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimler… | government-resource |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Digital Operations Services Inc. | WifiBurada |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 21052026
(custom)
|
Date Public
2026-05-21 11:19
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CVE-2025-13164 (GCVE-0-2025-13164)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-17 06:23 – Updated: 2025-11-17 16:19
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Digiwin｜EasyFlow GP - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Summary
EasyFlow GP developed by Digiwin has an Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability, allowing privileged remote attackers to obtain plaintext credentials of AD and system mail from the system frontend.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-522 - Insufficiently Protected Credentials
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10503-a66fe-1.html | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10504-23f4c-2.html | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Digiwin | EasyFlow GP |
Affected:
5.8.8.3 , ≤ 5.8.11.1.0810112
(custom)
|
Date Public
2025-11-17 06:17
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Implementation
Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft
An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.
CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation
An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.