Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-178
AllowedImproper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product does not properly account for differences in case sensitivity when accessing or determining the properties of a resource, leading to inconsistent results.
136 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-47323 (GCVE-0-2026-47323)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-19 12:25 – Updated: 2026-07-15 00:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Camel: Camel-CXF Message Header Injection via Missing Inbound Filtering
Summary
Camel-CXF and Camel-Knative Message Header Injection via Missing Inbound Filtering
The CXF and Knative HeaderFilterStrategy implementations (CxfRsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-cxf-rest, CxfHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-cxf-transport, and KnativeHttpHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-knative-http) only filter outbound Camel-internal headers via setOutFilterStartsWith, while not configuring inbound filtering via setInFilterStartsWith. As a result, an unauthenticated attacker can inject Camel-internal headers (e.g. CamelExecCommandExecutable, CamelFileName) via HTTP requests to CXF-RS or CXF-SOAP endpoints. When a route forwards messages from these endpoints to header-driven components such as camel-exec or camel-file, the injected headers override configured values, enabling remote code execution or arbitrary file writes. This is the same pattern that was previously addressed in camel-undertow (CVE-2025-30177), the broader incoming-header filter (CVE-2025-27636 and CVE-2025-29891), and non-HTTP strategies (CVE-2026-40453).
This issue affects Apache Camel: from 3.18.0 before 4.14.6, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.2.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.19.0, which fixes the issue. If users are on the 4.18.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.18.2. If users are on the 4.14.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.14.6.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2026-47323.html | vendor-advisory |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-47323 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2479869 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Camel |
Affected:
3.18.0 , < 4.14.6
(semver)
Affected: 4.15.0 , < 4.18.2 (semver) |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Serverless |
cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel for Spring Boot 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_spring_boot:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7 |
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CVE-2026-47203 (GCVE-0-2026-47203)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 20:19 – Updated: 2026-06-22 18:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authelia Missing Username Canonicalization in Basic Auth (LDAP)
Summary
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Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
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References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/authelia/authelia/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/authelia/authelia/commit/b8985… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-46392 (GCVE-0-2026-46392)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-05 18:20 – Updated: 2026-06-05 19:11
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
HAX CMS PHP Has a Stored XSS via Case-Sensitivity Mismatch in HTML Upload Validation
Summary
HAX CMS helps manage microsite universe with PHP or NodeJs backends. Prior to version 26.0.0 of HAX CMS PHP, the `saveFile` endpoint validates upload extensions case-insensitively and writes the filename to disk verbatim, but the `.htaccess` rule that forces `Content-Disposition: attachment` on HTML files is case-sensitive. An HTML file uploaded with an uppercase extension (`.HTML`, `.Html`, `.HTM`) is still served as `text/html` but the forced-download header never applies, so the browser renders it inline and executes any embedded JavaScript in the HAXcms origin. This bypasses the mitigation shipped for CVE-2026-22704. Version 26.0.0 contains a fix.
Severity
8.7 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/haxtheweb/issues/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| haxtheweb | haxcms-php |
Affected:
< 26.0.0
|
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CVE-2026-45135 (GCVE-0-2026-45135)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-23 17:56 – Updated: 2026-06-23 18:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Caddy: Unsafe Unicode Handling in FastCGI splitPos Allows Execution of Non-PHP Files
Summary
Caddy is an extensible server platform that uses TLS by default. From 2.7.0 until 2.11.3, the FastCGI transport's splitPos() in modules/caddyhttp/reverseproxy/fastcgi/fastcgi.go misuses golang.org/x/text/search with search.IgnoreCase when the request path contains a non-ASCII byte. Two distinct flaws in that fallback let an attacker mislead Caddy's FastCGI splitting into treating a non-.php (or other configured split_path extension) file as a script. In any deployment where the attacker can place content into a file served via FastCGI (uploads, file storage, etc.), this can be escalated to remote code execution by crafting a URL whose path triggers either flaw. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.11.3.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| caddyserver | caddy |
Affected:
>= 2.7.0, < 2.11.3
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CVE-2026-45062 (GCVE-0-2026-45062)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 17:38 – Updated: 2026-06-11 14:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FrankenPHP: Unsafe Unicode Handling in CGI Path Splitting Allows Execution of Non-PHP Files
Summary
FrankenPHP is a modern application server for PHP. From version 1.11.2 to before version 1.12.3, the splitPos() function in cgi.go misuses golang.org/x/text/search with search.IgnoreCase when the request path contains a non-ASCII byte. Two distinct flaws in that fallback let an attacker mislead FrankenPHP into treating a non-.php file as a .php script. In any deployment where the attacker can place content into a file served by FrankenPHP (uploads, file storage, etc.), this can be escalated to remote code execution by crafting a URL whose path triggers either flaw. This issue has been patched in version 1.12.3.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/php/frankenphp/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/php/frankenphp/releases/tag/v1.12.3 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| php | frankenphp |
Affected:
>= 1.11.2, < 1.12.3
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CVE-2026-44367 (GCVE-0-2026-44367)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-02 15:29 – Updated: 2026-06-02 15:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Klaw: user lockout due to case sensitivity inconsistency
Summary
Klaw is a self-service Apache Kafka Topic Management/Governance tool/portal. Prior to version 2.10.4, a vulnerability exists in the user registration and login mechanisms due to inconsistent handling of username case sensitivity, leading to a targeted Denial of Service (DoS) and complete account lockout. This issue has been patched in version 2.10.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/Aiven-Open/klaw/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/Aiven-Open/klaw/releases/tag/v2.10.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aiven-Open | klaw |
Affected:
< 2.10.4
|
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CVE-2026-43513 (GCVE-0-2026-43513)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-12 15:26 – Updated: 2026-05-14 19:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Tomcat: LockOutRealm treats user names as case-sensitive
Summary
Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in LockOutRealm in Apache Tomcat.
This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.21, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.54, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.117, from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.109.
Older unsupported versions may also be affected.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.22, 10.1.55 or 9.0.118 which fix the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
2 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Tomcat |
Affected:
11.0.0-M1 , ≤ 11.0.21
(semver)
Affected: 10.1.0-M1 , ≤ 10.1.54 (semver) Affected: 9.0.0.M1 , ≤ 9.0.117 (semver) Affected: 8.5.0 , ≤ 8.5.100 (semver) Affected: 7.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.109 (semver) Unknown: 0 , < 7.00 (semver) |
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CVE-2026-42273 (GCVE-0-2026-42273)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 03:42 – Updated: 2026-05-08 10:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Heimdall: Case-sensitive host matching may lead to policy bypass
Summary
Heimdall is a cloud native Identity Aware Proxy and Access Control Decision service. Prior to version 0.17.14, Heimdall performs host matching in a case-sensitive manner, while HTTP hostnames are case-insensitive. This discrepancy can result in heimdall failing to match a rule for a request host that differs only in letter casing, potentially causing the request to be classified differently than intended. This issue has been patched in version 0.17.14.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/dadrus/heimdall/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/dadrus/heimdall/pull/3208 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/dadrus/heimdall/commit/3d05e56… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/dadrus/heimdall/releases/tag/v… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-42272 (GCVE-0-2026-42272)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 03:40 – Updated: 2026-05-08 23:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Heimdall: Case-sensitive handling of URL-encoded slashes may lead to inconsistent path interpretation
Summary
Heimdall is a cloud native Identity Aware Proxy and Access Control Decision service. Prior to version 0.17.14, Heimdall handles URL-encoded slashes (%2F) in a case-sensitive manner, while percent-encoding is defined to be case-insensitive. As a result, the lowercase equivalent (%2f) is not recognized and therefore not processed as expected when allow_encoded_slashes is set to off (the default setting). This discrepancy can lead to differences in how request paths are interpreted by heimdall and upstream components, which may result in authorization bypass. This issue has been patched in version 0.17.14.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/dadrus/heimdall/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/dadrus/heimdall/pull/3207 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/dadrus/heimdall/commit/8b0de6a… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/dadrus/heimdall/releases/tag/v… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-40453 (GCVE-0-2026-40453)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-27 08:23 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:01
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache Camel JMS, Apache Camel CoAP, Apache Camel Google PubSub: Incomplete fix for CVE-2025-27636 in non-HTTP HeaderFilterStrategies (camel-jms, camel-sjms, camel-coap, camel-google-pubsub) allows case-variant header injection
Summary
The fix for CVE-2025-27636 added setLowerCase(true) to HttpHeaderFilterStrategy so that case-variant header names such as 'CAmelExecCommandExecutable' are filtered out alongside 'CamelExecCommandExecutable'. The same setLowerCase(true) call was not applied to five non-HTTP HeaderFilterStrategy implementations: JmsHeaderFilterStrategy and ClassicJmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-jms, SjmsHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-sjms, CoAPHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-coap, and GooglePubsubHeaderFilterStrategy in camel-google-pubsub. Because those strategies use case-sensitive String.startsWith('Camel'/'camel') filtering while the Camel Exchange stores headers in a case-insensitive map, an attacker with JMS (or equivalent) producer access to the broker consumed by a Camel route can inject case-variant Camel internal headers, which are then resolved by downstream components such as camel-exec and camel-file using their canonical casing. This enables remote code execution and arbitrary file write on routes that forward JMS messages to header-driven components.
This issue affects Apache Camel: from 3.0.0 before 4.14.6, from 4.15.0 before 4.18.2, from 4.19.0 before 4.20.0.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.20.0, which fixes the issue. If users are on the 4.14.x LTS releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.14.6. If users are on the 4.18.x releases stream, then they are suggested to upgrade to 4.18.2.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://camel.apache.org/security/CVE-2026-40453.html | vendor-advisory |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40453 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2463173 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/v… | x_sadp-csaf-vex |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19835 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:17668 | vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT |
Impacted products
14 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Camel JMS |
Affected:
3.0.0 , < 4.14.6
(semver)
Affected: 4.15.0 , < 4.18.2 (semver) Affected: 4.19.0 , < 4.20.0 (semver) |
|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Camel CoAP |
Affected:
3.0.0 , < 4.14.6
(semver)
Affected: 4.15.0 , < 4.18.2 (semver) Affected: 4.19.0 , < 4.20.0 (semver) |
|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache Camel Google PubSub |
Affected:
3.0.0 , < 4.14.6
(semver)
Affected: 4.15.0 , < 4.18.2 (semver) Affected: 4.19.0 , < 4.20.0 (semver) |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Apache Camel 4.14 for Quarkus 3.27 |
Unaffected:
google-pubsub , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_quarkus:3.27 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Apache Camel 4.14 for Quarkus 3.27 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_quarkus:3.27 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4.18.1 for Spring Boot 3.5.14 |
Unaffected:
google-pubsub , < *
(rpm)
Unaffected: http-base , < * (rpm) Unaffected: http-common , < * (rpm) Unaffected: http-starter , < * (rpm) cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_spring_boot:4.18 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4.18.1 for Spring Boot 3.5.14 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_spring_boot:4.18 |
|
| Red Hat | OpenShift Serverless |
cpe:/a:redhat:serverless:1 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4 for Quarkus 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:camel_quarkus:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Single Sign-On 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:red_hat_single_sign_on:7 |
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"title": "Apache Camel JMS, Apache Camel CoAP, Apache Camel Google PubSub: Incomplete fix for CVE-2025-27636 in non-HTTP HeaderFilterStrategies (camel-jms, camel-sjms, camel-coap, camel-google-pubsub) allows case-variant header injection",
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Mitigation MIT-44
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Avoid making decisions based on names of resources (e.g. files) if those resources can have alternate names.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.