Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-178

Allowed

Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

The product does not properly account for differences in case sensitivity when accessing or determining the properties of a resource, leading to inconsistent results.

136 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-58057 (GCVE-0-2026-58057)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-28 01:32 – Updated: 2026-06-29 12:25
VLAI
Title
Flowise - Custom MCP Environment Variable Denylist Bypass via Case Sensitivity
Summary
Flowise before 3.1.3 validates Custom MCP stdio environment variables against a denylist using a case-sensitive comparison, so on Windows, where environment names are case-insensitive, supplying 'node_options' bypasses the NODE_OPTIONS denylist entry. An authenticated user who can configure a Custom MCP node can thereby inject NODE_OPTIONS --require and execute arbitrary code in the Flowise server context.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Flowise Flowise Affected: 0 , < 3.1.3 (semver)
Unaffected: 3.1.3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-06-03 00:00
Credits
ashdfrkl
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-57234 (GCVE-0-2026-57234)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 14:30 – Updated: 2026-06-25 15:05
VLAI
Title
Nokogiri: XML::Schema on JRuby allows network requests when NONET is set, bypassing CVE-2020-26247
Summary
Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, the NONET parse option, which Nokogiri turns on by default for Nokogiri::XML::Schema (see CVE-2020-26247), was not correctly enforced on the JRuby implementation. As a result, a schema parsed with default options could still cause external resources to be fetched over the network, potentially enabling SSRF or XXE attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-184 - Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
  • CWE-611 - Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
sparklemotion nokogiri Affected: < 1.19.4
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-55170 (GCVE-0-2026-55170)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-09 21:04 – Updated: 2026-07-10 14:26
VLAI
Title
OpenFGA MySQL backend: case-insensitive collation on identifier columns causes incorrect authorization decisions
Summary
OpenFGA is an authorization/permission engine built for developers. Prior to 1.18.0, when MySQL is being used as the datastore and authorization decisions rely on case-sensitive user strings, the tuple, changelog, and authorization_model identifier columns can compare case-distinct values such as user:Alice and user:alice as equivalent, causing two distinct check requests to return the same response. This issue is fixed in 1.18.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
openfga openfga Affected: < 1.18.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-54763 (GCVE-0-2026-54763)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 20:33 – Updated: 2026-07-08 19:42
VLAI
Title
Traefik: headerField underscore-variant identity spoofing in BasicAuth / DigestAuth / ForwardAuth
Summary
Traefik is an HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Prior to v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6, Traefik's BasicAuth, DigestAuth, and ForwardAuth middlewares strip canonical-cased spoofed identity headers before writing Traefik's own value, but do not account for underscore-variant header names, which many backends normalize identically to dashed forms. An attacker able to reach a protected route can inject an underscore-variant header that survives Traefik's stripping and reaches the backend alongside, or on the unauthenticated ForwardAuth authResponseHeaders path instead of, the value Traefik intended to set, spoofing identity or authorization context. This issue is fixed in versions v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-290 - Authentication Bypass by Spoofing
  • CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
traefik traefik Affected: < 2.11.51
Affected: >= 3.0.0-beta1, < 3.6.22
Affected: >= 3.7.0-ea.1, < 3.7.6
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-54528 (GCVE-0-2026-54528)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 21:04 – Updated: 2026-07-09 13:04
VLAI
Title
jupyterlab-git excluded_paths Case-Sensitivity Bypass Allows Reading Excluded Directories
Summary
JupyterLab Git is a Git extension for JupyterLab. Prior to 0.54.0, jupyterlab-git uses fnmatch.fnmatchcase() in GitHandler.prepare() in jupyterlab_git/handlers.py to enforce excluded_paths, allowing an authenticated user on a case-insensitive filesystem to vary URL path casing and read excluded directories. This issue is fixed in version 0.54.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jupyterlab jupyterlab-git Affected: < 0.54.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-53721 (GCVE-0-2026-53721)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-12 13:41 – Updated: 2026-06-13 02:59
VLAI
Title
Nuxt: Route-rule middleware bypass via case-sensitivity mismatch between vue-router and the routeRules matcher
Summary
Nuxt is an open-source web development framework for Vue.js. From versions 3.11.0 to before 3.21.7 and 4.0.0 to before 4.4.7, there is a route-rule middleware bypass via case-sensitivity mismatch between vue-router and the routeRules matcher. This issue has been patched in versions 3.21.7 and 4.4.7.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nuxt nuxt Affected: >= 3.11.0, < 3.21.7
Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.4.7
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-49336 (GCVE-0-2026-49336)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 18:19 – Updated: 2026-06-22 15:05
VLAI
Title
@microsoft/kiota-http-fetchlibrary: Bearer token and Cookie leak across origin on redirect due to case-mismatched scrub in fetchRequestAdapter
Summary
@microsoft/kiota-http-fetchlibrary provides TypeScript libraries for Kiota-generated API clients. In versions 1.0.0-preview.97 through 1.0.0-preview.101, `@microsoft/kiota-http-fetchlibrary`'s `RedirectHandler` is documented as stripping `Authorization` and `Cookie` from cross-origin redirect targets, but the default `scrubSensitiveHeaders` callback in `RedirectHandlerOptions` uses case-sensitive property deletion (`delete headers.Authorization`, `delete headers.Cookie`) on a headers object that `FetchRequestAdapter.getRequestFromRequestInformation` has already lower-cased. The delete therefore targets keys that do not exist, the scrub is a no-op, and any Bearer token or Cookie attached by a kiota-generated SDK is forwarded to an attacker-controlled host across a 30x redirect. This is reachable in the default middleware chain (`MiddlewareFactory.getDefaultMiddlewares`) with no custom configuration, and applies to every kiota-generated TypeScript SDK that uses `BaseBearerTokenAuthenticationProvider` or any other authentication provider that sets the `Authorization` request header. Version 1.0.0-preview.102 patches the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
microsoft kiota-typescript Affected: >= 1.0.0-preview.97, < 1.0.0-preview.102
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-48794 (GCVE-0-2026-48794)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 20:23 – Updated: 2026-06-22 19:51
VLAI
Title
Authelia has an Edge Case Access Control Rule Mismatch
Summary
Authelia is an open-source authentication and authorization server providing two-factor authentication and single sign-on (SSO) for applications via a web portal. In versions 4.36.0 through 4.39.19, due to lack of canonicalization of domains in very specific edge cases, an access control rule may be skipped when it should match a request. The specific conditions that could lead to a security issue for vulnerability are: 1. The specific target resource of the attack must be using the forwarded authorization integration; 2. The requested domain must have two additional segments compared to a session domain i.e. `a.b.example.com` is requested, but the session domain is `example.com`; 3. There access control rules must specify two separate rules which both contain inexact domain matches such as `*.b.example.com` and `*.example.com` i.e. wildcards, username matches, group matches; 4. The rules must be in order of most specific domain to least specific domain; 5. The second rule must be more permissive than the first rule; 6. The attacker must specifically request a URL for the more specific domain, with the second part containing one or more capitalized letters i.e. `https://a.B.example.com` and no other segment with capitalized letters; 7. The integration used must not be the Envoy ExtAuthz integration; and 8. The proxy must not canonicalize the requested host name in the relevant header before sending it to the relevant authorization endpoint. The kind of configuration used to produce this issue and result in a `bypass` rule being matched has long been highly discouraged. Essentially hosts which should be bypassed entirely should not be secured by having the proxy check them with the authorization handlers. Upgrade to 4.39.20 to receive a patch.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-863 - Incorrect Authorization
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
authelia authelia Affected: >= 4.36.0, < 4.39.20
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-48595 (GCVE-0-2026-48595)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-02 19:08 – Updated: 2026-06-04 04:45
VLAI
Title
Authorization header leaks to third-party origin on cross-origin redirect in Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects
Summary
Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in elixir-tesla tesla allows credential leakage to a third-party origin on cross-origin redirects. Tesla.Middleware.FollowRedirects strips security-sensitive headers on cross-origin redirects using a case-sensitive string comparison against a lowercase filter list (@filter_headers ["authorization", "host"]). HTTP header names are case-insensitive per RFC 7230, but Tesla preserves header keys verbatim as supplied by the caller without normalizing case. A header set as {"Authorization", "Bearer …"} (the RFC 7235 canonical casing used by virtually all HTTP libraries and documentation) does not match the lowercase filter entry and is forwarded to the redirect destination. An attacker who can control or influence a Location: response seen by the client (via their own endpoint, a redirect-open upstream, or a compromised origin) receives the bearer token or other Authorization material on the cross-origin request. This issue affects tesla: from 1.4.0 before 1.18.3.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
EEF
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
elixir-tesla tesla Affected: 1.4.0 , < 1.18.3 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:elixir-tesla:tesla:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
elixir-tesla tesla Affected: 2d937d5813d7cda5cd726f41824985fb655c920f , < db963dba67651b9abd1fc420a1d9679cf6efe182 (git)
    cpe:2.3:a:elixir-tesla:tesla:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Peter Ullrich Yordis Prieto Jonatan Männchen
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-47346 (GCVE-0-2026-47346)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 10:50 – Updated: 2026-06-11 13:25
VLAI
Title
TYPO3 CMS - Broken Access Control in Form Framework
Summary
Backend users with file write permissions were able to upload form definition files with mixed-case extensions (e.g., .FORM.YAML) to bypass the Form Framework's upload restriction. Maliciously crafted form definition files can be used to execute arbitrary SQL statements, allowing attackers to escalate privileges by creating administrative backend user accounts. This issue affects TYPO3 CMS versions before 10.4.57, 11.0.0-11.5.50, 12.0.0-12.4.45, 13.0.0-13.4.30 and 14.0.0-14.3.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
  • CWE-862 - Missing Authorization
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
TYPO3 TYPO3 CMS Affected: 0 , < 10.4.57 (semver)
Affected: 11.0.0 , < 11.5.51 (semver)
Affected: 12.0.0 , < 12.4.46 (semver)
Affected: 13.0.0 , < 13.4.31 (semver)
Affected: 14.0.0 , < 14.3.3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Alexander Künzl Oliver Hader Benjamin Franzke
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation MIT-44
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Input Validation

Avoid making decisions based on names of resources (e.g. files) if those resources can have alternate names.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.