Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-178
AllowedImproper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product does not properly account for differences in case sensitivity when accessing or determining the properties of a resource, leading to inconsistent results.
153 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-73416 (GCVE-0-2026-73416)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 22:04 – Updated: 2026-08-17 17:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
jupyterlab: PyPI extension blocklist package-name canonicalization bypass
Summary
jupyterlab is an extensible environment for interactive and reproducible computing, based on the Jupyter Notebook Architecture. From 4.5.0 until 4.5.10 and 4.6.2, in jupyterlab/extensions/manager.py and jupyterlab/extensions/pypi.py, JupyterLab's PyPI extension manager enforces blocked_extensions_uris by comparing requested install names to blocklist entries with custom normalization that is weaker than PyPI package-name canonicalization. An authenticated user can request a PyPI-equivalent spelling such as JupyterLab.Git for a blocklisted package such as jupyterlab-git, and JupyterLab accepts the install request even though pip resolves the variant to the same package. Security impact requires an allowlist or blocklist intended to restrict package installation, the PyPI Extension Manager, and kernels and terminals that are disabled or delegated to remote hosts. The bypass lets an authenticated user install a prohibited extension, defeat integrity restrictions, and affect availability without gaining new read access. This issue is fixed in versions 4.5.10 and 4.6.2.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-17 17:16 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
10 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/pull/19184 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/pull/19185 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/pull/19186 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/commit/9… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/commit/b… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/commit/f… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/jupyterlab/jupyterlab/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| jupyterlab | jupyterlab |
Affected:
>= 4.5.0, < 4.5.10
Affected: >= 4.6.0, < 4.6.2 |
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CVE-2026-72836 (GCVE-0-2026-72836)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-14 11:35 – Updated: 2026-08-18 02:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FileBrowser before 2.63.19 Case Sensitivity Authentication Bypass
Summary
FileBrowser before 2.63.19 does not account for case-insensitive filesystems when checking home directory ownership during self-registration. When Signup and CreateUserDir are enabled and FileBrowser's root is on a case-insensitive filesystem (confirmed on Windows/NTFS), two self-registered usernames that differ only in letter case (e.g., CaseVictim and casevictim) are stored as distinct accounts but resolve to the same physical home directory, because the scope-ownership check compares the persisted scope as an exact case-sensitive string. A second registrant can therefore read, overwrite, and delete another account's files through authenticated HTTP endpoints, without needing an existing account or victim interaction.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 02:00 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/securi… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/commit… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/filebrowser-… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| filebrowser | filebrowser |
Affected:
0 , < 2.63.19
(semver)
Unaffected: 2.63.19 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:filebrowser:filebrowser:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-07-25 00:00
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CVE-2026-72721 (GCVE-0-2026-72721)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 15:48 – Updated: 2026-08-10 16:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Discourse: Onebox Domain Blocklist Bypass via Case-Sensitive Comparison
Summary
Discourse is an open-source discussion platform. Prior to 2026.1.6, 2026.5.2, 2026.6.1, and 2026.7.0, Onebox::DomainChecker.is_blocked? compares hostnames and SiteSetting.blocked_onebox_domains entries case-sensitively, allowing an attacker to bypass configured Onebox domain restrictions by changing character casing in a redirect target hostname. This issue is fixed in versions 2026.1.6, 2026.5.2, 2026.6.1, and 2026.7.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-10 16:58 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
9 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/discourse/discourse/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/discourse/discourse/pull/42091 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/discourse/discourse/pull/42092 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/discourse/discourse/pull/42093 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/discourse/discourse/pull/42094 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/discourse/discourse/commit/a3e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/discourse/discourse/commit/c2e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/discourse/discourse/commit/caa… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/discourse/discourse/commit/f50… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-71315 (GCVE-0-2026-71315)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 21:05 – Updated: 2026-08-06 13:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nuxt route rules silently dropped for mixed-case paths, bypassing appMiddleware auth gates (incomplete fix for CVE-2026-53721)
Summary
Nuxt is an open-source web development framework for Vue.js. From 3.21.7 until 3.21.10 and 4.5.1, mixed-case routeRules keys can fail to match case-folded lookups when router.options.sensitive is false and drop appMiddleware authorization gates. This is caused by an incomplete fix for CVE-2026-53721. This issue is fixed in 3.21.10 and 4.5.1.
Severity
8.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-06 13:45 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/619963309e082… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/commit/ad624a75ad2d2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/releases/tag/v3.21.10 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nuxt/nuxt/releases/tag/v4.5.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-66883 (GCVE-0-2026-66883)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-04 11:46 – Updated: 2026-08-04 12:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Oidcc.Plug.Authorize user agent session binding inert due to case-sensitive header lookup
Summary
Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity vulnerability in Erlang Ecosystem Foundation oidcc_plug (Oidcc.Plug.Authorize module) renders the user agent session binding inert, removing a defense in depth control against replay of a stolen session.
This vulnerability is associated with program files lib/oidcc/plug/authorize.ex and lib/oidcc/plug/authorization_callback.ex, and program routines Oidcc.Plug.Authorize.call/2 and Oidcc.Plug.AuthorizationCallback.call/2.
Oidcc.Plug.Authorize.call/2 reads the initiating client's user agent with get_req_header(conn, "User-Agent"). Plug lowercases incoming header names, but get_req_header/2 matches the supplied key exactly and performs no normalization of its own, so the mixed-case lookup always returns an empty list and nil is written into the session. On the callback side, Oidcc.Plug.AuthorizationCallback treats a stored nil user agent as nothing to compare and returns :ok without inspecting the request. The two behaviours combine so that the check passes unconditionally on every request, including for deployments that explicitly opted in with check_useragent: true, and an authorization callback can be completed from a different user agent than the one that initiated the flow without detection. The check fails open silently, with no error and no log entry, so a deployment cannot tell the binding is absent.
The impact is limited to defense in depth. The inert check does not by itself allow an attacker to complete an authorization flow; it removes one layer that would otherwise hinder use of a stolen or leaked session, such as an exfiltrated session cookie replayed from a different client. The CSRF/state, nonce, and PKCE checks are unaffected and continue to function. Deployments that never enabled check_useragent are not affected in practice, since they never expected the binding. The corresponding lookup in Oidcc.Plug.AuthorizationCallback correctly uses the lowercase key and is not affected.
This issue affects oidcc_plug: from 0.1.0-alpha.3 before 0.5.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-04 12:27 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/erlef/oidcc_plug/security/advi… | vendor-advisoryrelated |
| https://cna.erlef.org/cves/CVE-2026-66883.html | related |
| https://osv.dev/vulnerability/EEF-CVE-2026-66883 | related |
| https://github.com/erlef/oidcc_plug/commit/f15e52… | patch |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Erlang Ecosystem Foundation | oidcc_plug |
Affected:
0.1.0-alpha.3 , < 0.5.0
(semver)
cpe:2.3:a:erlef:oidcc_plug:*:*:*:*:*:erlang:*:* |
|
| Erlang Ecosystem Foundation | oidcc_plug |
Affected:
0a75fb139d8e2686d1b75e0d48962323d2181673 , < f15e52c5750aaba701104b10ed96cfac063bd557
(git)
cpe:2.3:a:erlef:oidcc_plug:*:*:*:*:*:erlang:*:* |
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CVE-2026-62230 (GCVE-0-2026-62230)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 00:07 – Updated: 2026-07-17 14:09 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Grav < 2.0.4 File Access Bypass via Case Variation
Summary
Grav before 2.0.4 ships a default .htaccess (and reference webserver-configs/htaccess.txt) whose rules blocking access to sensitive file types (.yaml, .php, .json, etc.) lack the [NC] flag, making extension matching case-sensitive. On case-insensitive filesystems (Windows/NTFS, macOS/HFS+, or Docker volume mounts), an unauthenticated attacker can request these files with uppercase or mixed-case extensions (e.g., .YAML, .PHP) to bypass the restrictions and read sensitive configuration files that may contain API keys and credentials.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 14:08 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/getgrav/grav/security/advisori… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/grav-file-ac… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-06-29 00:00
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CVE-2026-58057 (GCVE-0-2026-58057)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-28 01:32 – Updated: 2026-06-29 12:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Flowise - Custom MCP Environment Variable Denylist Bypass via Case Sensitivity
Summary
Flowise before 3.1.3 validates Custom MCP stdio environment variables against a denylist using a case-sensitive comparison, so on Windows, where environment names are case-insensitive, supplying 'node_options' bypasses the NODE_OPTIONS denylist entry. An authenticated user who can configure a Custom MCP node can thereby inject NODE_OPTIONS --require and execute arbitrary code in the Flowise server context.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-29 12:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/bikini/exploitarium/tree/main/… | exploitthird-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/FlowiseAI/Flowise/pull/6471 | issue-tracking |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/flowise-cust… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-06-03 00:00
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CVE-2026-57234 (GCVE-0-2026-57234)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 14:30 – Updated: 2026-06-25 15:05
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nokogiri: XML::Schema on JRuby allows network requests when NONET is set, bypassing CVE-2020-26247
Summary
Nokogiri is an open source XML and HTML library for the Ruby programming language. Prior to 1.19.4, the NONET parse option, which Nokogiri turns on by default for Nokogiri::XML::Schema (see CVE-2020-26247), was not correctly enforced on the JRuby implementation. As a result, a schema parsed with default options could still cause external resources to be fetched over the network, potentially enabling SSRF or XXE attacks. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.19.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-25 15:05 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sparklemotion/nokogiri/securit… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| sparklemotion | nokogiri |
Affected:
< 1.19.4
|
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CVE-2026-55170 (GCVE-0-2026-55170)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-09 21:04 – Updated: 2026-07-10 14:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenFGA MySQL backend: case-insensitive collation on identifier columns causes incorrect authorization decisions
Summary
OpenFGA is an authorization/permission engine built for developers. Prior to 1.18.0, when MySQL is being used as the datastore and authorization decisions rely on case-sensitive user strings, the tuple, changelog, and authorization_model identifier columns can compare case-distinct values such as user:Alice and user:alice as equivalent, causing two distinct check requests to return the same response. This issue is fixed in 1.18.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-10 14:26 UTC
CWE
- CWE-178 - Improper Handling of Case Sensitivity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/openfga/openfga/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/openfga/helm-charts/commit/96d… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/openfga/openfga/commit/a2e0dbe… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/openfga/helm-charts/releases/t… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/openfga/openfga/releases/tag/v1.18.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
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"url": "https://github.com/openfga/helm-charts/commit/96d5517a2693ff5def451dee7d6b9d1baeb281f8"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/openfga/openfga/commit/a2e0dbefc3e01a95c785f81a3563bc6571b08b11",
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{
"name": "https://github.com/openfga/helm-charts/releases/tag/openfga-0.3.9",
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"url": "https://github.com/openfga/helm-charts/releases/tag/openfga-0.3.9"
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"url": "https://github.com/openfga/openfga/releases/tag/v1.18.0"
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],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-cf98-j28v-49v6",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "OpenFGA MySQL backend: case-insensitive collation on identifier columns causes incorrect authorization decisions"
}
},
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"cveId": "CVE-2026-55170",
"datePublished": "2026-07-09T21:04:28.713Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-06-16T15:13:28.166Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-07-10T14:26:15.294Z",
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CVE-2026-54763 (GCVE-0-2026-54763)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 20:33 – Updated: 2026-07-08 19:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Traefik: headerField underscore-variant identity spoofing in BasicAuth / DigestAuth / ForwardAuth
Summary
Traefik is an HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Prior to v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6, Traefik's BasicAuth, DigestAuth, and ForwardAuth middlewares strip canonical-cased spoofed identity headers before writing Traefik's own value, but do not account for underscore-variant header names, which many backends normalize identically to dashed forms. An attacker able to reach a protected route can inject an underscore-variant header that survives Traefik's stripping and reaches the backend alongside, or on the unauthenticated ForwardAuth authResponseHeaders path instead of, the value Traefik intended to set, spoofing identity or authorization context. This issue is fixed in versions v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-08 17:13 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/pull/13262 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/commit/108a526… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"subIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:N",
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"cweId": "CWE-290",
"description": "CWE-290: Authentication Bypass by Spoofing",
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"descriptions": [
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"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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"title": "Traefik: headerField underscore-variant identity spoofing in BasicAuth / DigestAuth / ForwardAuth"
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Mitigation MIT-44
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Avoid making decisions based on names of resources (e.g. files) if those resources can have alternate names.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-20
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.