Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-345
DiscouragedInsufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product does not sufficiently verify the origin or authenticity of data, in a way that causes it to accept invalid data.
1086 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-55883 (GCVE-0-2026-55883)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 21:38 – Updated: 2026-07-14 14:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Tilt: Cross-site WebSocket hijacking of the Tilt HUD stream
Summary
Tilt defines dev environments as code for microservice apps on Kubernetes. From 0.24.0 through 0.37.3, the Tilt HUD WebSocket at /ws/view is gated by a CSRF token, but the token is served by the unauthenticated /api/websocket_token endpoint and the upgrader accepts clients that omit an Origin header. When the HUD is network-exposed, an attacker who can reach the listener can open the HUD WebSocket and receive the full view stream, including session state, Tiltfile contents, resource statuses, and continued updates. This issue is fixed in version 0.37.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-14 14:14 UTC
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/tilt-dev/tilt/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/tilt-dev/tilt/pull/6776 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tilt-dev/tilt/commit/47393fba7… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/tilt-dev/tilt/releases/tag/v0.37.4 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-55698 (GCVE-0-2026-55698)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 16:43 – Updated: 2026-06-26 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pnpm: Project env lockfile can short-circuit package-manager resolution and execute lockfile-selected pnpm bytes
Summary
pnpm is a package manager. Prior to 10.34.2 and 11.5.3, pnpm can persist package-manager bootstrap metadata in the first YAML document of pnpm-lock.yaml. Before the patch, direct pnpm execution trusted an already resolved packageManagerDependencies entry when the committed env lockfile contained matching pnpm and @pnpm/exe versions. A malicious repository could therefore commit package-manager lockfile package records and snapshots that bypassed fresh package-manager resolution, then cause pnpm to install and execute bytes selected by that committed lockfile state during automatic version switching. This vulnerability is fixed in 10.34.2 and 11.5.3.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-25 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pnpm/pnpm/security/advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-55663 (GCVE-0-2026-55663)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-25 18:15 – Updated: 2026-08-25 18:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
mediasoup: SCTP state cookie lacks cryptographic authentication, enabling unauthorized association establishment (RFC 9260 violation)
Summary
mediasoup is a WebRTC video conferencing system. From version 3.20.0 until 3.20.6 for the npm package and from 0.22.0 until 0.22.5 for the Rust crate, mediasoup's built-in SCTP stack authenticates state cookies using only the hardcoded msworker and 0xAD81 magic values instead of a per-instance secret and HMAC, contrary to RFC 9260 Section 5.1.3. The cookie structure and validation in worker/include/RTC/SCTP/association/StateCookie.hpp and worker/src/RTC/SCTP/association/StateCookie.cpp allow an on-path attacker targeting PlainTransport or PipeTransport with SCTP enabled and without DTLS protection to forge a COOKIE-ECHO whose packet verification tag matches the attacker-controlled localVerificationTag. The forged cookie passes StateCookie::IsMediasoupStateCookie() and Association::HandleReceivedCookieEchoChunk(), establishes an unauthorized SCTP association, and permits DataChannel message injection as a trusted peer. WebRtcTransport is not affected because its SCTP runs inside DTLS. This issue is fixed in npm version 3.20.6 and Rust crate version 0.22.5.
Severity
5.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-25 18:55 UTC
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/versatica/mediasoup/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/versatica/mediasoup/pull/1829 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/versatica/mediasoup/commit/9c1… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/versatica/mediasoup/releases/t… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-55430 (GCVE-0-2026-55430)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 00:03 – Updated: 2026-07-08 17:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Coder's subdomain workspace app routing trusts unauthenticated X-Forwarded-Host header, enabling cross-app data access
Summary
Coder allows organizations to provision remote development environments via Terraform. Prior to versions 2.29.7, 2.32.7, 2.33.8, and 2.34.2, the workspace app proxy resolves the target app from `httpapi.RequestHost()` which prefers the `X-Forwarded-Host` header over the real `Host` header. No middleware strips `X-Forwarded-Host` before routing and the header is not browser-forbidden so client-side JavaScript can set it on `fetch()` calls. Practical exploitation requires subdomain app routing (wildcard hostname) enabled, a victim who visits the attacker's shared app and a deployment whose upstream proxy does not strip `X-Forwarded-Host`. The fix in versions 2.29.7, 2.32.7, 2.33.8, and 2.34.2 trusts `X-Forwarded-Host` only from configured trusted proxies and otherwise resolves the routing host from the verified request host. As a workaround, place an upstream reverse proxy that strips or overwrites `X-Forwarded-Host` on untrusted requests.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-08 16:57 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/coder/coder/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/coder/coder/pull/26204 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/coder/coder/releases/tag/v2.29.17 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/coder/coder/releases/tag/v2.32.7 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/coder/coder/releases/tag/v2.33.8 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/coder/coder/releases/tag/v2.34.2 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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},
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}
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],
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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"x_refsource_MISC"
],
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},
{
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"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
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},
{
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],
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}
],
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CVE-2026-54783 (GCVE-0-2026-54783)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 22:16 – Updated: 2026-07-10 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CoreWCF: XML Signature Wrapping in WS-Security endorsing/supporting signature verification allows replay of captured signed messages
Summary
CoreWCF is a port of the service side of Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) to .NET Core. Prior to 1.8.1 and 1.9.1, CoreWCF WS-Security endorsing and supporting signature verification does not ensure the selected ds:Signature covers the expected Security header target, allowing an attacker with one captured signed SOAP envelope to replay arbitrary service operations as the victim principal. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.1 and 1.9.1.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-09 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/commit/0589692… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/commit/30aef80… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/commit/4618f24… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/releases/tag/v1.8.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/releases/tag/v1.9.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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],
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{
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],
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},
{
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"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
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},
{
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CVE-2026-54781 (GCVE-0-2026-54781)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 22:19 – Updated: 2026-07-09 14:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CoreWCF: SAML SubjectConfirmation methods and holder-of-key proof keys are not enforced
Summary
CoreWCF is a port of the service side of Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) to .NET Core. Prior to 1.8.1 and 1.9.1, CoreWCF SAML token validation does not enforce SubjectConfirmation method URIs or holder-of-key proof keys in SamlSecurityTokenHandler, allowing holder-of-key downgrade or custom confirmation method assertions to authenticate a subject without proving authority over the assertion. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.1 and 1.9.1.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-09 14:31 UTC
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/commit/6a99df3… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/commit/86dd323… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/commit/9eb9b46… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/releases/tag/v1.8.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/releases/tag/v1.9.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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],
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"timestamp": "2026-07-09T14:31:13.261626Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
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}
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},
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}
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}
],
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},
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"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
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{
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},
{
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],
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},
{
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"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
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},
{
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],
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}
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CVE-2026-54774 (GCVE-0-2026-54774)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 22:17 – Updated: 2026-07-10 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CoreWCF: SamlSerializer skips SignatureValue verification when SAML signing token is not an X.509 certificate
Summary
CoreWCF is a port of the service side of Windows Communication Foundation (WCF) to .NET Core. Prior to 1.8.1 and 1.9.1, SamlSerializer skips final SignatureValue verification when a CoreWCF service validates SAML tokens using a non-X.509 signing token, allowing an attacker to reference a non-X.509 SecurityToken key identifier and bypass assertion signature verification. This issue is fixed in versions 1.8.1 and 1.9.1.
Severity
7.4 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-09 00:00 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/commit/65d0902… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/commit/b914495… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/commit/e745413… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/releases/tag/v1.8.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/CoreWCF/CoreWCF/releases/tag/v1.9.1 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-54764 (GCVE-0-2026-54764)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 20:20 – Updated: 2026-07-07 14:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ForwardAuth middleware leaks X-Forwarded-Port spoofing via untrusted X-Forwarded-Proto when trustForwardHeader=false
Summary
Traefik is an HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Prior to v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6, Traefik's ForwardAuth middleware, even when configured with trustForwardHeader: false, derives the X-Forwarded-Port header sent to the authentication service from the original incoming request instead of the sanitized forwarded request. As a result, an unauthenticated remote attacker can inject an X-Forwarded-Proto: https header over a plain HTTP connection and cause Traefik to forward X-Forwarded-Port: 443 to the authentication service, bypassing port-based authorization checks. This issue is fixed in versions v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-07 14:03 UTC
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/pull/13344 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/commit/7ae92d8… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-54763 (GCVE-0-2026-54763)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 20:33 – Updated: 2026-07-08 19:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Traefik: headerField underscore-variant identity spoofing in BasicAuth / DigestAuth / ForwardAuth
Summary
Traefik is an HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer. Prior to v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6, Traefik's BasicAuth, DigestAuth, and ForwardAuth middlewares strip canonical-cased spoofed identity headers before writing Traefik's own value, but do not account for underscore-variant header names, which many backends normalize identically to dashed forms. An attacker able to reach a protected route can inject an underscore-variant header that survives Traefik's stripping and reaches the backend alongside, or on the unauthenticated ForwardAuth authResponseHeaders path instead of, the value Traefik intended to set, spoofing identity or authorization context. This issue is fixed in versions v2.11.51, v3.6.22, and v3.7.6.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-08 17:13 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/security/advis… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/pull/13262 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/traefik/traefik/commit/108a526… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-54496 (GCVE-0-2026-54496)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-17 16:59 – Updated: 2026-07-17 17:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Missing copy constraint in halo2_gadgets variable-base scalar multiplication allows under-constrained base, breaking Orchard Action circuit soundness
Summary
ZEBRA is a Zcash node written entirely in Rust. Prior to zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0, the variable-base scalar multiplication gadget in halo2_gadgets/src/ecc/chip/mul/incomplete.rs used assign_advice() for the base point without a copy constraint tying it to the actual base, allowing a malicious prover to produce a valid proof for an Orchard Action with an under-constrained base point and bypass the diversified-address-integrity check that binds pk_d, g_d, ivk, the nullifier (nf), and the spend validating key (ak) to the note being spent. This issue is fixed in zebrad 5.0.0, halo2_gadgets 0.5.0, orchard 0.14.0, zcash_primitives 0.28.0, and zcashd 6.20.0.
Severity
9.3 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-17 17:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-345 - Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/ZcashFoundation/zebra/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zcash/halo2/releases/tag/halo2… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zcash/librustzcash/releases/ta… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zcash/orchard/releases/tag/0.14.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/zcash/zcash/releases/tag/v6.20.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://zfnd.org/zebra-4-5-3-and-5-0-0-emergency-… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
5 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZcashFoundation | zebra |
Affected:
< 5.0.0
|
|
| zcash | halo2_gadgets |
Affected:
< 0.5.0
|
|
| zcash | orchard |
Affected:
< 0.14.0
|
|
| zcash | librustzcash |
Affected:
< 0.28.0
|
|
| zcash | zcash |
Affected:
< 6.20.0
|
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No mitigation information available for this CWE.
CAPEC-111: JSON Hijacking (aka JavaScript Hijacking)
An attacker targets a system that uses JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) as a transport mechanism between the client and the server (common in Web 2.0 systems using AJAX) to steal possibly confidential information transmitted from the server back to the client inside the JSON object by taking advantage of the loophole in the browser's Same Origin Policy that does not prohibit JavaScript from one website to be included and executed in the context of another website.
CAPEC-141: Cache Poisoning
An attacker exploits the functionality of cache technologies to cause specific data to be cached that aids the attackers' objectives. This describes any attack whereby an attacker places incorrect or harmful material in cache. The targeted cache can be an application's cache (e.g. a web browser cache) or a public cache (e.g. a DNS or ARP cache). Until the cache is refreshed, most applications or clients will treat the corrupted cache value as valid. This can lead to a wide range of exploits including redirecting web browsers towards sites that install malware and repeatedly incorrect calculations based on the incorrect value.
CAPEC-142: DNS Cache Poisoning
A domain name server translates a domain name (such as www.example.com) into an IP address that Internet hosts use to contact Internet resources. An adversary modifies a public DNS cache to cause certain names to resolve to incorrect addresses that the adversary specifies. The result is that client applications that rely upon the targeted cache for domain name resolution will be directed not to the actual address of the specified domain name but to some other address. Adversaries can use this to herd clients to sites that install malware on the victim's computer or to masquerade as part of a Pharming attack.
CAPEC-148: Content Spoofing
An adversary modifies content to make it contain something other than what the original content producer intended while keeping the apparent source of the content unchanged. The term content spoofing is most often used to describe modification of web pages hosted by a target to display the adversary's content instead of the owner's content. However, any content can be spoofed, including the content of email messages, file transfers, or the content of other network communication protocols. Content can be modified at the source (e.g. modifying the source file for a web page) or in transit (e.g. intercepting and modifying a message between the sender and recipient). Usually, the adversary will attempt to hide the fact that the content has been modified, but in some cases, such as with web site defacement, this is not necessary. Content Spoofing can lead to malware exposure, financial fraud (if the content governs financial transactions), privacy violations, and other unwanted outcomes.
CAPEC-218: Spoofing of UDDI/ebXML Messages
An attacker spoofs a UDDI, ebXML, or similar message in order to impersonate a service provider in an e-business transaction. UDDI, ebXML, and similar standards are used to identify businesses in e-business transactions. Among other things, they identify a particular participant, WSDL information for SOAP transactions, and supported communication protocols, including security protocols. By spoofing one of these messages an attacker could impersonate a legitimate business in a transaction or could manipulate the protocols used between a client and business. This could result in disclosure of sensitive information, loss of message integrity, or even financial fraud.
CAPEC-384: Application API Message Manipulation via Man-in-the-Middle
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages. Performing this attack can allow the attacker to gain unauthorized privileges within the application, or conduct attacks such as phishing, deceptive strategies to spread malware, or traditional web-application attacks. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to perform adversary-in-the-middle (CAPEC-94) communications between the web browser and the remote system. Despite the use of AiTH software, the attack is actually directed at the server, as the client is one node in a series of content brokers that pass information along to the application framework. Additionally, it is not true "Adversary-in-the-Middle" attack at the network layer, but an application-layer attack the root cause of which is the master applications trust in the integrity of code supplied by the client.
CAPEC-385: Transaction or Event Tampering via Application API Manipulation
An attacker hosts or joins an event or transaction within an application framework in order to change the content of messages or items that are being exchanged. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that look authentic but may contain deceptive links, substitute one item or another, spoof an existing item and conduct a false exchange, or otherwise change the amounts or identity of what is being exchanged. The techniques require use of specialized software that allow the attacker to man-in-the-middle communications between the web browser and the remote system in order to change the content of various application elements. Often, items exchanged in game can be monetized via sales for coin, virtual dollars, etc. The purpose of the attack is for the attack to scam the victim by trapping the data packets involved the exchange and altering the integrity of the transfer process.
CAPEC-386: Application API Navigation Remapping
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of links/buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains links/buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination. Some applications make navigation remapping more difficult to detect because the actual HREF values of images, profile elements, and links/buttons are masked. One example would be to place an image in a user's photo gallery that when clicked upon redirected the user to an off-site location. Also, traditional web vulnerabilities (such as CSRF) can be constructed with remapped buttons or links. In some cases navigation remapping can be used for Phishing attacks or even means to artificially boost the page view, user site reputation, or click-fraud.
CAPEC-387: Navigation Remapping To Propagate Malicious Content
An adversary manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the content of messages and thereby circumvent the expected application logic.
CAPEC-388: Application API Button Hijacking
An attacker manipulates either egress or ingress data from a client within an application framework in order to change the destination and/or content of buttons displayed to a user within API messages. Performing this attack allows the attacker to manipulate content in such a way as to produce messages or content that looks authentic but contains buttons that point to an attacker controlled destination.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.
CAPEC-701: Browser in the Middle (BiTM)
An adversary exploits the inherent functionalities of a web browser, in order to establish an unnoticed remote desktop connection in the victim's browser to the adversary's system. The adversary must deploy a web client with a remote desktop session that the victim can access.