Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-94
Weakness Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
Mapping guidance
This entry is frequently misused for vulnerabilities with a technical impact of "code execution," which does not by itself indicate a root cause weakness, since dozens of weaknesses can enable code execution.
This weakness only applies when the product's functionality intentionally constructs all or part of a code segment. It could be that executing code could be the result of other weaknesses that do not involve the construction of code segments.
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
Implementation
REALIZATION: This weakness is caused during implementation of an architectural security tactic.
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)
Effectiveness: High
Notes
Theoretical
Injection problems encompass a wide variety of issues -- all mitigated in very different ways. For this reason, the most effective way to discuss these weaknesses is to note the distinct features that classify them as injection weaknesses. The most important issue to note is that all injection problems share one thing in common -- i.e., they allow for the injection of control plane data into the user-controlled data plane. This means that the execution of the process may be altered by sending code in through legitimate data channels, using no other mechanism. While buffer overflows, and many other flaws, involve the use of some further issue to gain execution, injection problems need only for the data to be parsed. The most classic instantiations of this category of weakness are SQL injection and format string vulnerabilities.
Content history
Submission: PLOVER
· 2006-07-19
· CWE Draft 3
Contribution: "Mapping CWE to 62443" Sub-Working Group
· CWE-CAPEC ICS/OT SIG
· 2023-06-29
· CWE 4.12
Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.
Contribution: Abhi Balakrishnan
· 2024-02-29
· CWE 4.17
Contributed usability diagram concepts used by the CWE team.
Contribution: Matthew A. Pagan
· Spectrum
· 2025-08-22
· CWE 4.19
Discovered a syntax issue in the Python3 demox (DX-156) and suggested a fix
Modification: Eric Dalci
· Cigital
· 2008-07-01
· CWE 1.0
updated Time_of_Introduction
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2008-09-08
· CWE 1.0
updated Applicable_Platforms, Relationships, Research_Gaps, Taxonomy_Mappings
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-01-12
· CWE 1.2
updated Common_Consequences, Demonstrative_Examples, Description, Likelihood_of_Exploit, Name, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-03-10
· CWE 1.3
updated Potential_Mitigations
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2009-05-27
· CWE 1.4
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Name
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2010-02-16
· CWE 1.8
updated Potential_Mitigations
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2010-06-21
· CWE 1.9
updated Description, Potential_Mitigations
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2011-03-29
· CWE 1.12
updated Name
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2011-06-01
· CWE 1.13
updated Common_Consequences
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2012-05-11
· CWE 2.2
updated Common_Consequences, Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2012-10-30
· CWE 2.3
updated Potential_Mitigations
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2013-02-21
· CWE 2.4
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2014-07-30
· CWE 2.8
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2015-12-07
· CWE 2.9
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2017-11-08
· CWE 3.0
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Modes_of_Introduction, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2019-06-20
· CWE 3.3
updated Related_Attack_Patterns, Type
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2019-09-19
· CWE 3.4
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2020-02-24
· CWE 4.0
updated Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2020-06-25
· CWE 4.1
updated Potential_Mitigations
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2020-08-20
· CWE 4.2
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2021-03-15
· CWE 4.4
updated Demonstrative_Examples
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2021-07-20
· CWE 4.5
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2021-10-28
· CWE 4.6
updated Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2022-04-28
· CWE 4.7
updated Research_Gaps
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2022-06-28
· CWE 4.8
updated Observed_Examples, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2022-10-13
· CWE 4.9
updated Observed_Examples
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-01-31
· CWE 4.10
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Description, Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-04-27
· CWE 4.11
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Detection_Factors, Relationships, Time_of_Introduction
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2023-06-29
· CWE 4.12
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2024-02-29
· CWE 4.14
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Potential_Mitigations, References
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2024-07-16
· CWE 4.15
updated Applicable_Platforms, Observed_Examples
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2024-11-19
· CWE 4.16
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2025-04-03
· CWE 4.17
updated Alternate_Terms, Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Theoretical_Notes
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2025-12-11
· CWE 4.19
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2026-04-30
· CWE 4.20
updated Potential_Mitigations, Relationships
Modification: CWE Content Team
· MITRE
· 2026-10-28
· CWE 5.0
updated Applicable_Platforms, Name
9846 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-124588 (GCVE-0-2026-124588)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 09:45 – Updated: 2026-11-09 09:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
huggingface finetrainers Model Index model.py resolve_component_cls code injection
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in huggingface finetrainers 0.1.0/0.2.0. The impacted element is the function resolve_component_cls of the file finetrainers/utils/model.py of the component Model Index Handler. Performing a manipulation of the argument Library results in code injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/433012 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/433012/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-124588 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/1040375 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/huggingface/finetrainers/issues/435 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/user-attachments/files/3358710… | exploit |
| https://github.com/huggingface/finetrainers/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| huggingface | finetrainers |
Affected:
0.1.0
Affected: 0.2.0 cpe:2.3:a:huggingface:finetrainers:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-124570 (GCVE-0-2026-124570)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 05:30 – Updated: 2026-11-09 05:30 X_Freeware
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SourceCodester Online Leave Management System Employee Avatar Upload Extension Master.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in SourceCodester Online Leave Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file app/classes/Master.php of the component Employee Avatar Upload Extension. Performing a manipulation of the argument employee avatar filename results in cross site scripting. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is now public and may be used.
Severity
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432916 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432916/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-124570 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/1035914 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/cm126261/CVE/issues/1 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://www.sourcecodester.com/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SourceCodester | Online Leave Management System |
Affected:
1.0
cpe:2.3:a:sourcecodester:online_leave_management_system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-124506 (GCVE-0-2026-124506)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-09 00:45 – Updated: 2026-11-09 00:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Dianping CAT Report hourlyReport.tag Model.getDomain cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Dianping CAT 3.0.0/3.1.0/4.0-RC1. This vulnerability affects the function Model.getDomain of the file WEB-INF/tags/hourlyReport.tag of the component Report Handler. The manipulation of the argument domain leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432810 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432810/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-124506 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/1035481 | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
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"vendor": "Dianping",
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CVE-2026-124499 (GCVE-0-2026-124499)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 23:15 – Updated: 2026-11-08 23:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Fengoffice Feng Office Translation Tool ToolController.class.php write_translations code injection
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in Fengoffice Feng Office up to 3.11.13.11/4.2.1.2. This affects the function write_translations of the file application/controllers/ToolController.class.php of the component Translation Tool. The manipulation of the argument lang leads to code injection. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432804 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432804/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-124499 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/1033307 | third-party-advisory |
| https://gist.github.com/Marsh232/6dd58742d417911f… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Fengoffice | Feng Office |
Affected:
3.11.13.0
Affected: 3.11.13.1 Affected: 3.11.13.2 Affected: 3.11.13.3 Affected: 3.11.13.4 Affected: 3.11.13.5 Affected: 3.11.13.6 Affected: 3.11.13.7 Affected: 3.11.13.8 Affected: 3.11.13.9 Affected: 3.11.13.10 Affected: 3.11.13.11 Affected: 4.2.1.0 Affected: 4.2.1.1 Affected: 4.2.1.2 cpe:2.3:a:fengoffice:feng_office:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-124498 (GCVE-0-2026-124498)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 23:00 – Updated: 2026-11-08 23:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Convene Azeus Convene Board Management Portal dummy_launcher.jsp cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in Convene Azeus Convene Board Management Portal 7.0.2.7_3 p72. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file /jsp/ge/dummy_launcher.jsp. Executing a manipulation of the argument REDIRECT_URL can lead to cross site scripting. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432803 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432803/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-124498 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/1028582 | third-party-advisory |
| https://gist.github.com/OmarXtream/f6c5151914d621… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Convene | Azeus Convene Board Management Portal |
Affected:
7.0.2.7_3 p72
cpe:2.3:a:convene:azeus_convene_board_management_portal:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-124328 (GCVE-0-2026-124328)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-08 11:00 – Updated: 2026-11-08 11:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FlowCI flow-core-x Groovy Script Evaluation ConditionManagerImpl.java ConditionManagerImpl.run code injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in FlowCI flow-core-x up to 1.23.49. The affected element is the function ConditionManagerImpl.run of the file core/src/main/java/com/flowci/core/common/manager/ConditionManagerImpl.java of the component Groovy Script Evaluation. The manipulation of the argument condition leads to code injection. The attack is possible to be carried out remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432648 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432648/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-124328 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/1027401 | third-party-advisory |
| https://glacier-tarsal-711.notion.site/Flow-ci-Un… | exploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FlowCI | flow-core-x |
Affected:
1.23.0
Affected: 1.23.1 Affected: 1.23.2 Affected: 1.23.3 Affected: 1.23.4 Affected: 1.23.5 Affected: 1.23.6 Affected: 1.23.7 Affected: 1.23.8 Affected: 1.23.9 Affected: 1.23.10 Affected: 1.23.11 Affected: 1.23.12 Affected: 1.23.13 Affected: 1.23.14 Affected: 1.23.15 Affected: 1.23.16 Affected: 1.23.17 Affected: 1.23.18 Affected: 1.23.19 Affected: 1.23.20 Affected: 1.23.21 Affected: 1.23.22 Affected: 1.23.23 Affected: 1.23.24 Affected: 1.23.25 Affected: 1.23.26 Affected: 1.23.27 Affected: 1.23.28 Affected: 1.23.29 Affected: 1.23.30 Affected: 1.23.31 Affected: 1.23.32 Affected: 1.23.33 Affected: 1.23.34 Affected: 1.23.35 Affected: 1.23.36 Affected: 1.23.37 Affected: 1.23.38 Affected: 1.23.39 Affected: 1.23.40 Affected: 1.23.41 Affected: 1.23.42 Affected: 1.23.43 Affected: 1.23.44 Affected: 1.23.45 Affected: 1.23.46 Affected: 1.23.47 Affected: 1.23.48 Affected: 1.23.49 cpe:2.3:a:flowci:flow-core-x:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-123992 (GCVE-0-2026-123992)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-07 17:15 – Updated: 2026-11-09 14:32 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
DataEase SVG StaticResourceServer.java StaticResourceServer.validateSvgContent cross site scripting
Summary
A flaw has been found in DataEase up to 2.10.27. Affected by this issue is the function StaticResourceServer.validateSvgContent of the file core/core-backend/src/main/java/io/dataease/visualization/server/StaticResourceServer.java of the component SVG Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to cross site scripting. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. Upgrading to version 2.10.28 can resolve this issue. This patch is called 0709fe98d6608c3507daee3e92cf433e7ff61370. You should upgrade the affected component. The vendor confirms: "The reported tab/entity-based URL bypass is covered by our previously implemented SVG security hardening. The fix replaces the blacklist-based checks with namespace-aware element and attribute allowlists, restricts permitted references to document-local fragments, and applies a restrictive Content Security Policy to uploaded SVG responses."
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-09 14:31 UTC
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432071 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/432071/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-123992 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/1035492 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/dataease/dataease/pull/19566 | issue-trackingpatch |
| https://github.com/dataease/dataease/commit/0709f… | patch |
| https://github.com/dataease/dataease/releases/tag… | patch |
| https://github.com/dataease/dataease/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | DataEase |
Affected:
2.10.0
Affected: 2.10.1 Affected: 2.10.2 Affected: 2.10.3 Affected: 2.10.4 Affected: 2.10.5 Affected: 2.10.6 Affected: 2.10.7 Affected: 2.10.8 Affected: 2.10.9 Affected: 2.10.10 Affected: 2.10.11 Affected: 2.10.12 Affected: 2.10.13 Affected: 2.10.14 Affected: 2.10.15 Affected: 2.10.16 Affected: 2.10.17 Affected: 2.10.18 Affected: 2.10.19 Affected: 2.10.20 Affected: 2.10.21 Affected: 2.10.22 Affected: 2.10.23 Affected: 2.10.24 Affected: 2.10.25 Affected: 2.10.26 Affected: 2.10.27 Unaffected: 2.10.28 cpe:2.3:a:dataease:dataease:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-123675 (GCVE-0-2026-123675)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-06 15:15 – Updated: 2026-11-06 17:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OpenBMB Internet of Agents Code Executor Tool code_executor.py execute_code code injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in OpenBMB Internet of Agents up to 9d78e88e47160eb42ee1ee8538c05e1c2c47877a. This affects the function execute_code of the file im_client/agents/tools/code_executor.py of the component Code Executor Tool. This manipulation of the argument filename/lang causes code injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-06 17:28 UTC
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/431792 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/431792/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-123675 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/1033599 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/OpenBMB/IoA/issues/18 | exploitissue-tracking |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OpenBMB | Internet of Agents |
Affected:
9d78e88e47160eb42ee1ee8538c05e1c2c47877a
cpe:2.3:a:openbmb:internet_of_agents:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-123018 (GCVE-0-2026-123018)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-05 11:45 – Updated: 2026-11-05 20:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
eosphoros-ai DB-GPT CodeAction code_utils.py execute_code code injection
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in eosphoros-ai DB-GPT up to 0.8.2. This issue affects the function execute_code of the file code_utils.py of the component CodeAction. Performing a manipulation results in code injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been released to the public and may be used for attacks. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-05 20:45 UTC
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/431392 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/431392/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-123018 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/1033094 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/eosphoros-ai/DB-GPT/issues/3287 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/ybyu-ieu/agent-security-adviso… | exploit |
| https://github.com/eosphoros-ai/DB-GPT/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| eosphoros-ai | DB-GPT |
Affected:
0.8.0
Affected: 0.8.1 Affected: 0.8.2 cpe:2.3:a:eosphoros-ai:db-gpt:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-122190 (GCVE-0-2026-122190)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-11-05 03:15 – Updated: 2026-11-05 20:52 X_Freeware
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
SourceCodester Online Food Ordering System Category Management add_category.php cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Online Food Ordering System 1.0. The impacted element is an unknown function of the file admin/add_category.php of the component Category Management. Performing a manipulation of the argument category_title results in cross site scripting. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-11-05 20:52 UTC
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/431164 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/431164/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-122190 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/1027505 | third-party-advisory |
| https://gist.github.com/shamillshaanuh/f5e39643e1… | exploit |
| https://www.sourcecodester.com/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| SourceCodester | Online Food Ordering System |
Affected:
1.0
cpe:2.3:a:sourcecodester:online_food_ordering_system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.