CWE-522
Allowed-with-ReviewInsufficiently Protected Credentials
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
1810 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-X7P3-JG6R-9RMR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-21 00:00Implemented protections on AWS credentials that were not properly protected.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-22998"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-12T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Implemented protections on AWS credentials that were not properly protected.",
"id": "GHSA-x7p3-jg6r-9rmr",
"modified": "2022-07-21T00:00:33Z",
"published": "2022-07-13T00:00:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22998"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.westerndigital.com/support/product-security/wdc-22009-my-cloud-home-firmware-version-8-7-0-107"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7QM-3R7G-3P97
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:17 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:17The administrative passwords for all versions of Bond JetSelect are stored within an unprotected file on the filesystem, rather than encrypted within the MySQL database. This backup copy of the passwords is made as part of the installation script, after the administrator has generated a password using ENCtool.jar (see CVE-2019-13022). This allows any low-privilege user who can read this file to trivially obtain the passwords for the administrative accounts of the JetSelect application. The path to the file containing the encoded password hash is /opt/JetSelect/SFC/resources/sfc-general-properties.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-13021"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-05-14T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The administrative passwords for all versions of Bond JetSelect are stored within an unprotected file on the filesystem, rather than encrypted within the MySQL database. This backup copy of the passwords is made as part of the installation script, after the administrator has generated a password using ENCtool.jar (see CVE-2019-13022). This allows any low-privilege user who can read this file to trivially obtain the passwords for the administrative accounts of the JetSelect application. The path to the file containing the encoded password hash is /opt/JetSelect/SFC/resources/sfc-general-properties.",
"id": "GHSA-x7qm-3r7g-3p97",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:17:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:17:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-13021"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://labs.nettitude.com/blog/cve-2019-13021-22-23-jetselect-network-segregation-application"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X83H-6QGP-HW2H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-16 03:30 – Updated: 2024-01-16 03:30Missing Password Field Masking vulnerability in Hitachi Device Manager on Windows, Linux (Device Manager Agent component).This issue affects Hitachi Device Manager: before 8.8.5-04.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-49106"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522",
"CWE-549"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-16T01:15:34Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Password Field Masking vulnerability in Hitachi Device Manager on Windows, Linux (Device Manager Agent component).This issue affects Hitachi Device Manager: before 8.8.5-04.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-x83h-6qgp-hw2h",
"modified": "2024-01-16T03:30:18Z",
"published": "2024-01-16T03:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-49106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.hitachi.com/products/it/software/security/info/vuls/hitachi-sec-2024-101/index.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X84V-XCM2-53PG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2018-10-29 19:06 – Updated: 2024-10-21 21:26The Requests package through 2.19.1 before 2018-09-14 for Python sends an HTTP Authorization header to an http URI upon receiving a same-hostname https-to-http redirect, which makes it easier for remote attackers to discover credentials by sniffing the network.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.19.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "requests"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.20.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-18074"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T22:02:40Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2018-10-09T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Requests package through 2.19.1 before 2018-09-14 for Python sends an HTTP Authorization header to an http URI upon receiving a same-hostname https-to-http redirect, which makes it easier for remote attackers to discover credentials by sniffing the network.",
"id": "GHSA-x84v-xcm2-53pg",
"modified": "2024-10-21T21:26:17Z",
"published": "2018-10-29T19:06:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-18074"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/requests/requests/issues/4716"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/requests/requests/pull/4718"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/requests/requests/commit/c45d7c49ea75133e52ab22a8e9e13173938e36ff"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2019:2035"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.debian.org/910766"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/requests/PYSEC-2018-28.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/requests/requests"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3790-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3790-2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/community/updates/#release-and-version-history"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-07/msg00024.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Insufficiently Protected Credentials in Requests"
}
GHSA-X8F4-MM5H-F849
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-14 18:30 – Updated: 2023-02-22 18:30The Hawk Console component of TIBCO Software Inc.'s TIBCO Hawk and TIBCO Operational Intelligence Hawk RedTail contains a vulnerability that will return the EMS transport password and EMS SSL password to a privileged user. Affected releases are TIBCO Software Inc.'s TIBCO Hawk: versions 6.2.1 and below and TIBCO Operational Intelligence Hawk RedTail: versions 7.2.0 and below.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-41564"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-14T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Hawk Console component of TIBCO Software Inc.\u0027s TIBCO Hawk and TIBCO Operational Intelligence Hawk RedTail contains a vulnerability that will return the EMS transport password and EMS SSL password to a privileged user. Affected releases are TIBCO Software Inc.\u0027s TIBCO Hawk: versions 6.2.1 and below and TIBCO Operational Intelligence Hawk RedTail: versions 7.2.0 and below.",
"id": "GHSA-x8f4-mm5h-f849",
"modified": "2023-02-22T18:30:33Z",
"published": "2023-02-14T18:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41564"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tibco.com/services/support/advisories"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tibco.com/support/advisories/2023/02/tibco-security-advisory-february-14-2023-tibco-oi-hawk-redtail-cve-2022-41564"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X8JW-8X39-62FP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-15 00:01 – Updated: 2021-12-21 00:01A vulnerability has been identified in ModelSim Simulation (All versions), Questa Simulation (All versions). The RSA white-box implementation in affected applications insufficiently protects the built-in private keys that are required to decrypt electronic intellectual property (IP) data in accordance with the IEEE 1735 recommended practice. This could allow a sophisticated attacker to discover the keys, bypassing the protection intended by the IEEE 1735 recommended practice.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-42023"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-14T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been identified in ModelSim Simulation (All versions), Questa Simulation (All versions). The RSA white-box implementation in affected applications insufficiently protects the built-in private keys that are required to decrypt electronic intellectual property (IP) data in accordance with the IEEE 1735 recommended practice. This could allow a sophisticated attacker to discover the keys, bypassing the protection intended by the IEEE 1735 recommended practice.",
"id": "GHSA-x8jw-8x39-62fp",
"modified": "2021-12-21T00:01:30Z",
"published": "2021-12-15T00:01:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-42023"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/pdf/ssa-400332.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X8R9-M3MH-G58R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-09 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-30 18:30Allegro WIndows 3.3.4152.0, embeds software administrator database credentials into its binary files, which allows users to access and modify data using the same credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-43978"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-08T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Allegro WIndows 3.3.4152.0, embeds software administrator database credentials into its binary files, which allows users to access and modify data using the same credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-x8r9-m3mh-g58r",
"modified": "2025-05-30T18:30:41Z",
"published": "2021-12-09T00:00:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43978"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cds.thalesgroup.com/en/tcs-cert/CVE-2021-43978"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://excellium-services.com/cert-xlm-advisory/CVE-2021-43978"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.allegro.be"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X9XX-826M-934X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:16 – Updated: 2022-08-06 00:00The Credova_Financial WordPress plugin discloses a site's associated Credova API account username and password in plaintext via an AJAX action whenever a site user goes to checkout on a page that has the Credova Financing option enabled. This affects versions up to, and including, 1.4.8.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-39342"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-319",
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-29T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Credova_Financial WordPress plugin discloses a site\u0027s associated Credova API account username and password in plaintext via an AJAX action whenever a site user goes to checkout on a page that has the Credova Financing option enabled. This affects versions up to, and including, 1.4.8.",
"id": "GHSA-x9xx-826m-934x",
"modified": "2022-08-06T00:00:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:16:01Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39342"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/2606811/credova-financial/trunk/credova-financial.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/vulnerability-advisories/#CVE-2021-39342"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XC2G-257M-XH8V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:50 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:50Cleartext Storage of credentials in the iSmartAlarmData.xml configuration file in the iSmartAlarm application through 2.0.8 for Android allows an attacker to retrieve the username and password.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-16222"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-11-20T19:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Cleartext Storage of credentials in the iSmartAlarmData.xml configuration file in the iSmartAlarm application through 2.0.8 for Android allows an attacker to retrieve the username and password.",
"id": "GHSA-xc2g-257m-xh8v",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:50:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:50:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16222"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/150165/QBee-Camera-iSmartAlarm-Credential-Disclosure.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2018/Nov/2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XCG5-X6PH-W58Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-01 18:30 – Updated: 2025-10-01 18:30E3 Site Supervisor Control (firmware version < 2.31F01) RCI service contains an API call to read users info, which returns all usernames and password hashes for the application services.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-52545"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-02T12:15:36Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "E3 Site Supervisor Control (firmware version \u003c 2.31F01) RCI service contains an API call to read users info, which returns all usernames and password hashes for the application services.",
"id": "GHSA-xcg5-x6ph-w58q",
"modified": "2025-10-01T18:30:38Z",
"published": "2025-10-01T18:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-52545"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.armis.com/research/frostbyte10"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft
An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.
CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation
An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.