Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-522

Allowed-with-Review

Insufficiently Protected Credentials

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.

1810 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-XCJ6-4355-2823

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:59 – Updated: 2025-08-12 21:41
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins Mattermost Notification Plugin contains unencrypted storage of secret token
Details

Jenkins Mattermost Notification Plugin 2.7.0 and earlier stored webhook URLs containing a secret token unencrypted in its global configuration file and job config.xml files on the Jenkins master where they could be viewed by users with Extended Read permission, or access to the master file system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.7.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:mattermost"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.7.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10459"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-06T21:27:27Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-23T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins Mattermost Notification Plugin 2.7.0 and earlier stored webhook URLs containing a secret token unencrypted in its global configuration file and job config.xml files on the Jenkins master where they could be viewed by users with Extended Read permission, or access to the master file system.",
  "id": "GHSA-xcj6-4355-2823",
  "modified": "2025-08-12T21:41:02Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:59:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10459"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/mattermost-plugin/commit/c6e509307812d93ba295a35dea95016f007de158"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/mattermost-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2019-10-23/#SECURITY-1628"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/10/23/2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins Mattermost Notification Plugin contains unencrypted storage of secret token"
}

GHSA-XCMH-9W7W-QF4P

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:33 – Updated: 2022-10-26 12:00
VLAI
Details

The sensitive information of webcam device is not properly protected. Remote attackers can unauthentically grant user’s credential.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-30169"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-04-28T10:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The sensitive information of webcam device is not properly protected. Remote attackers can unauthentically grant user\u2019s credential.",
  "id": "GHSA-xcmh-9w7w-qf4p",
  "modified": "2022-10-26T12:00:40Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T22:33:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30169"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/keniver/86ebef688fb274b534da51ef1a84dd3e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.chtsecurity.com/news/0b733a38-e616-4ff3-86a6-13e710643388"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.meritlilin.com/assets/uploads/support/file/M00166-TW.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-4679-d308c-1.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XCQ4-M2R3-CMRJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-20 20:36 – Updated: 2024-05-20 22:07
VLAI
Summary
Trivy possibly leaks registry credential when scanning images from malicious registries
Details

Impact

If a malicious actor is able to trigger Trivy to scan container images from a crafted malicious registry, it could result in the leakage of credentials for legitimate registries such as AWS Elastic Container Registry (ECR), Google Cloud Artifact/Container Registry, or Azure Container Registry (ACR). These tokens can then be used to push/pull images from those registries to which the identity/user running Trivy has access.

Taking AWS as an example, the leakage only occurs when Trivy is able to transparently obtain registry credentials from the default credential provider chain. You are affected if Trivy is executed in any of the following situations:

  • The environment variables contain static AWS credentials (AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY, AWS_SESSION_TOKEN) that have access to ECR.
  • Within a Pod running on an EKS cluster that has been assigned a role with access to ECR using an IAM Roles for Service Accounts (IRSA) annotation.
  • etc.

You are not affected if the default credential provider chain is unable to obtain valid credentials. The same applies to GCP and Azure.

Workarounds

If you are using Trivy v0.51.2 or later, you are not affected. If you are using Trivy v0.51.1 or prior, you should ensure you only scan images from trusted registries.

This vulnerability only applies when scanning container images directly from a registry. If you use Docker, containerd or other runtime to pull images locally and scan them with Trivy, you are not affected. To enforce this behavior, you can use the --image-src flag to select which sources you trust.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/aquasecurity/trivy"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.51.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-35192"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-20T20:36:53Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-05-20T21:15:09Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Impact\nIf a malicious actor is able to trigger Trivy to scan container images from a crafted malicious registry, it could result in the leakage of credentials for legitimate registries such as AWS Elastic Container Registry (ECR), Google Cloud Artifact/Container Registry, or Azure Container Registry (ACR). These tokens can then be used to push/pull images from those registries to which the identity/user running Trivy has access.\n\nTaking AWS as an example, the leakage only occurs when Trivy is able to transparently obtain registry credentials from the default [credential provider chain](https://aws.github.io/aws-sdk-go-v2/docs/configuring-sdk/#specifying-credentials). You are affected if Trivy is executed in any of the following situations:\n\n- The environment variables contain static AWS credentials (AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID, AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY, AWS_SESSION_TOKEN) that have access to ECR.\n- Within a Pod running on an EKS cluster that has been assigned a role with access to ECR using an [IAM Roles for Service Accounts](https://docs.aws.amazon.com/eks/latest/userguide/iam-roles-for-service-accounts.html) (IRSA) annotation.\n- etc.\n\nYou are not affected if the default credential provider chain is unable to obtain valid credentials. The same applies to GCP and Azure.\n\n## Workarounds\nIf you are using Trivy v0.51.2 or later, you are not affected. If you are using Trivy v0.51.1 or prior, you should ensure you only scan images from trusted registries.\n\nThis vulnerability only applies when scanning container images directly from a registry. If you use Docker, containerd or other runtime to pull images locally and scan them with Trivy, you are not affected. To enforce this behavior, you can use the `--image-src` flag to select which sources you trust. \n",
  "id": "GHSA-xcq4-m2r3-cmrj",
  "modified": "2024-05-20T22:07:21Z",
  "published": "2024-05-20T20:36:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/security/advisories/GHSA-xcq4-m2r3-cmrj"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-35192"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy/commit/e7f14f729de259551203f313e57d2d9d3aa2ff87"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/aquasecurity/trivy"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Trivy possibly leaks registry credential when scanning images from malicious registries"
}

GHSA-XCWR-9F5C-QG65

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:08 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:08
VLAI
Details

In cloud-init through 19.4, rand_user_password in cloudinit/config/cc_set_passwords.py has a small default pwlen value, which makes it easier for attackers to guess passwords.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-8632"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-521",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-02-05T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "In cloud-init through 19.4, rand_user_password in cloudinit/config/cc_set_passwords.py has a small default pwlen value, which makes it easier for attackers to guess passwords.",
  "id": "GHSA-xcwr-9f5c-qg65",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:08:06Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:08:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8632"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/canonical/cloud-init/pull/189"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/cloud-init/+bug/1860795"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/02/msg00021.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00042.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-XFJ9-9QW7-7CMR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-29 18:30 – Updated: 2025-07-29 18:30
VLAI
Details

Access to TSplus Remote Access Admin Tool is restricted to administrators (unless "Disable UAC" option is enabled) and requires a PIN code. In versions below v18.40.6.17 the PIN's hash is stored in a system registry accessible to regular users, making it possible to perform a brute-force attack using rainbow tables, since the hash is not salted. LTS (Long-Term Support) versions also received patches in v17.2025.6.27 and v16.2025.6.27 releases.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-5922"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-29T17:15:33Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Access to TSplus Remote Access Admin Tool\u00a0is restricted to administrators (unless \"Disable UAC\" option is enabled) and requires a PIN code. In versions\u00a0below\u00a0v18.40.6.17\u00a0the PIN\u0027s hash is stored in a system registry accessible to regular users, making it possible to perform a brute-force attack using rainbow tables, since the hash is not salted.\nLTS (Long-Term Support) versions also received patches in\u00a0v17.2025.6.27 and\u00a0v16.2025.6.27 releases.",
  "id": "GHSA-xfj9-9qw7-7cmr",
  "modified": "2025-07-29T18:30:35Z",
  "published": "2025-07-29T18:30:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5922"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert.pl/en/posts/2025/07/CVE-2025-5922"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XFX8-2V9J-75G4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-11 21:31 – Updated: 2025-02-11 18:31
VLAI
Details

Aten PE8108 2.4.232 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control. Restricted users have read access to administrator credentials.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-25407"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-04-11T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Aten PE8108 2.4.232 is vulnerable to Incorrect Access Control. Restricted users have read access to administrator credentials.",
  "id": "GHSA-xfx8-2v9j-75g4",
  "modified": "2025-02-11T18:31:11Z",
  "published": "2023-04-11T21:31:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25407"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.pentagrid.ch/en/blog/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-aten-PE8108-power-distribution-unit"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XFXV-HQVJ-FPFC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-03 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-14 00:00
VLAI
Details

PowerStore contains Plain-Text Password Storage Vulnerability in PowerStore X & T environments running versions 2.0.0.x and 2.0.1.x A locally authenticated attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to the disclosure of certain user credentials. The attacker may be able to use the exposed credentials to access the vulnerable application with privileges of the compromised account.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-22557"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-256",
      "CWE-287",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-02T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "PowerStore contains Plain-Text Password Storage Vulnerability in PowerStore X \u0026 T environments running versions 2.0.0.x and 2.0.1.x A locally authenticated attacker could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to the disclosure of certain user credentials. The attacker may be able to use the exposed credentials to access the vulnerable application with privileges of the compromised account.",
  "id": "GHSA-xfxv-hqvj-fpfc",
  "modified": "2022-06-14T00:00:29Z",
  "published": "2022-06-03T00:00:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22557"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/000196367"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XGGX-RF7G-Q3F6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:22 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:22
VLAI
Details

** DISPUTED ** Kentico v10.0.42 allows Global Administrators to read the cleartext SMTP Password by navigating to the SMTP configuration page. NOTE: the vendor considers this a best-practice violation but not a vulnerability. The vendor plans to fix it at a future time.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-6242"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-02-08T05:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "** DISPUTED ** Kentico v10.0.42 allows Global Administrators to read the cleartext SMTP Password by navigating to the SMTP configuration page. NOTE: the vendor considers this a best-practice violation but not a vulnerability. The vendor plans to fix it at a future time.",
  "id": "GHSA-xggx-rf7g-q3f6",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:22:39Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:22:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-6242"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/boatpavaris/cff51e52a96fdde8215f71a3315703c2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XHX6-JQVP-55RR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:45 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:35
VLAI
Details

eyeDisk implements the unlock feature by sending a cleartext password. The password can be discovered by sniffing USB traffic or by sending a 06 05 52 41 01 b0 00 00 00 00 00 00 SCSI command.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-11885"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-05-12T14:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "eyeDisk implements the unlock feature by sending a cleartext password. The password can be discovered by sniffing USB traffic or by sending a 06 05 52 41 01 b0 00 00 00 00 00 00 SCSI command.",
  "id": "GHSA-xhx6-jqvp-55rr",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T00:35:48Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:45:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11885"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.pentestpartners.com/security-blog/eyedisk-hacking-the-unhackable-again"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-XJ63-95XC-JC4V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:52 – Updated: 2024-01-30 21:20
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins eggplant-plugin Plugin stores credentials in plain text
Details

Jenkins eggPlant Plugin 2.2 and earlier stores credentials unencrypted in job config.xml files on the Jenkins master where they can be viewed by users with Extended Read permission, or access to the master file system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:eggplant-plugin"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "2.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10385"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-01-30T21:20:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-07T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins eggPlant Plugin 2.2 and earlier stores credentials unencrypted in job config.xml files on the Jenkins master where they can be viewed by users with Extended Read permission, or access to the master file system.",
  "id": "GHSA-xj63-95xc-jc4v",
  "modified": "2024-01-30T21:20:20Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:52:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10385"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2019-08-07/#SECURITY-1430"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-19-834"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/08/07/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins eggplant-plugin Plugin stores credentials in plain text "
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).

CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking

Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.

CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft

An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.

CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation

An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.

CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting

Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials

This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.

CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.

CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.

CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing

An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.

CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.

CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)

An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.

CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.

CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.