Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-116
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft
The product prepares a structured message for communication with another component, but encoding or escaping of the data is either missing or done incorrectly. As a result, the intended structure of the message is not preserved.
611 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-8795 (GCVE-0-2026-8795)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-09 01:04 – Updated: 2026-06-10 03:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A YAML injection vulnerability exists in the Windows.Collectors.Remapping artifact of Rapid7 Velociraptor before version 0.76.6. The hostname field in client_info.json inside a collection ZIP is inserted into a YAML template via Go's text/template without escaping. An attacker providing a crafted collection ZIP can leverage literal double quotes and newlines in the hostname to break out of the YAML quoted string and inject a new mount remapping entry. When an analyst applies the generated remapping file with --remap, arbitrary VQL executes on their machine with NullACLManager (all permissions granted, unsandboxed).
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://docs.velociraptor.app/announcements/advis… | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rapid7 | Velociraptor |
Affected:
0 , < 0.76.6
(semver)
|
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-8795",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-06-09T00:00:00+00:00",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-10T03:58:30.695Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"platforms": [
"Linux",
"Windows",
"macOS"
],
"product": "Velociraptor",
"vendor": "Rapid7",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "0.76.6",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Artificial Intelligence"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "\u003cp\u003eA YAML injection vulnerability exists in the Windows.Collectors.Remapping artifact of Rapid7 Velociraptor before version 0.76.6. The hostname field in client_info.json inside a collection ZIP is inserted into a YAML template via Go\u0027s text/template without escaping. An attacker providing a crafted collection ZIP can leverage literal double quotes and newlines in the hostname to break out of the YAML quoted string and inject a new mount remapping entry. When an analyst applies the generated remapping file with --remap, arbitrary VQL executes on their machine with NullACLManager (all permissions granted, unsandboxed).\u003c/p\u003e"
}
],
"value": "A YAML injection vulnerability exists in the Windows.Collectors.Remapping artifact of Rapid7 Velociraptor before version 0.76.6. The hostname field in client_info.json inside a collection ZIP is inserted into a YAML template via Go\u0027s text/template without escaping. An attacker providing a crafted collection ZIP can leverage literal double quotes and newlines in the hostname to break out of the YAML quoted string and inject a new mount remapping entry. When an analyst applies the generated remapping file with --remap, arbitrary VQL executes on their machine with NullACLManager (all permissions granted, unsandboxed)."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-549",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-549: Local Execution of Code"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 7.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-74",
"description": "CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component (\u0027Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-116",
"description": "CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-09T01:04:21.775Z",
"orgId": "9974b330-7714-4307-a722-5648477acda7",
"shortName": "rapid7"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "Velociraptor Security Advisory CVE-2026-8795",
"tags": [
"vendor-advisory"
],
"url": "https://docs.velociraptor.app/announcements/advisories/cve-2026-8795/"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.2"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "9974b330-7714-4307-a722-5648477acda7",
"assignerShortName": "rapid7",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-8795",
"datePublished": "2026-06-09T01:04:21.775Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-05-17T23:31:05.101Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-10T03:58:30.695Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-6058 (GCVE-0-2026-6058)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-21 01:42 – Updated: 2026-04-21 13:26 Unsupported When Assigned
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** An improper encoding or escaping vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel WRE6505 v2 firmware version V1.00(ABDV.3)C0 could allow an adjacent attacker on the WLAN to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition in the web management interface by convincing an authenticated administrator to visit the “AP Select” page while a malformed SSID is present.
Severity
4.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zyxel | WRE6505 v2 firmware |
Affected:
V1.00(ABDV.3)C0
|
Date Public
2026-04-21 02:00
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-6058",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-21T13:26:22.166869Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-21T13:26:29.283Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "WRE6505 v2 firmware",
"vendor": "Zyxel",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "V1.00(ABDV.3)C0"
}
]
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-04-21T02:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** An improper encoding or escaping vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel WRE6505 v2 firmware version V1.00(ABDV.3)C0 could allow an adjacent attacker on the WLAN to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition in the web management interface by convincing an authenticated administrator to visit the \u201cAP Select\u201d page while a malformed SSID is present."
}
],
"value": "** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** An improper encoding or escaping vulnerability in the CGI program of Zyxel WRE6505 v2 firmware version V1.00(ABDV.3)C0 could allow an adjacent attacker on the WLAN to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition in the web management interface by convincing an authenticated administrator to visit the \u201cAP Select\u201d page while a malformed SSID is present."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "ADJACENT_NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 4.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-116",
"description": "CWE-116 Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-21T01:48:13.740Z",
"orgId": "96e50032-ad0d-4058-a115-4d2c13821f9f",
"shortName": "Zyxel"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.zyxel.com/global/en/support/end-of-life"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"tags": [
"unsupported-when-assigned"
],
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.1"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "96e50032-ad0d-4058-a115-4d2c13821f9f",
"assignerShortName": "Zyxel",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-6058",
"datePublished": "2026-04-21T01:42:07.433Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-04-10T01:11:47.075Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-21T13:26:29.283Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-2404 (GCVE-0-2026-2404)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-14 15:13 – Updated: 2026-04-14 16:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
CWE-116 Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output vulnerability exists that could cause log injection and forged log when an attacker alters the POST /j_security check request payload.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Schneider Electric | PowerChute™ Serial Shutdown |
Affected:
Versions 1.4 and prior
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-2404",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-04-14T16:26:32.467506Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-14T16:27:43.927Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "PowerChute\u2122 Serial Shutdown",
"vendor": "Schneider Electric",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "Versions 1.4 and prior"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "CWE-116 Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output vulnerability exists that could cause log injection and forged log when an attacker alters the POST /j_security check request payload."
}
],
"value": "CWE-116 Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output vulnerability exists that could cause log injection and forged log when an attacker alters the POST /j_security check request payload."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 6.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-116",
"description": "CWE-116 Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-14T15:13:50.351Z",
"orgId": "076d1eb6-cfab-4401-b34d-6dfc2a413bdb",
"shortName": "schneider"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2026-104-01\u0026p_enDocType=Security+and+Safety+Notice\u0026p_File_Name=SEVD-2026-104-01.pdf"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 1.0.1"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "076d1eb6-cfab-4401-b34d-6dfc2a413bdb",
"assignerShortName": "schneider",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-2404",
"datePublished": "2026-04-14T15:13:50.351Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-02-12T13:19:03.924Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-14T16:27:43.927Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2026-1011 (GCVE-0-2026-1011)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-15 23:08 – Updated: 2026-01-29 16:49
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Stored Cross-Site Scripting in Altium Live Support Center Comment Endpoint
Summary
A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the Altium Support Center AddComment endpoint due to missing server-side input sanitization. Although the client interface applies HTML escaping, the backend accepts and stores arbitrary HTML and JavaScript supplied via modified POST requests.
The injected content is rendered verbatim when support cases are viewed by other users, including support staff with elevated privileges, allowing execution of arbitrary JavaScript in the victim’s browser context.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Altium | Altium Live |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.1.1.39
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-01-15 23:01
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-1011",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-01-16T17:04:46.841715Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-01-29T16:49:40.462Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"Support case comment rendering (AddComment endpoint)"
],
"platforms": [
"Web"
],
"product": "Altium Live",
"vendor": "Altium",
"versions": [
{
"changes": [
{
"at": "1.1.1.40",
"status": "unaffected"
}
],
"lessThanOrEqual": "1.1.1.39",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"datePublic": "2026-01-15T23:01:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the Altium Support Center AddComment endpoint due to missing server-side input sanitization. Although the client interface applies HTML escaping, the backend accepts and stores arbitrary HTML and JavaScript supplied via modified POST requests.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe injected content is rendered verbatim when support cases are viewed by other users, including support staff with elevated privileges, allowing execution of arbitrary JavaScript in the victim\u2019s browser context.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability exists in the Altium Support Center AddComment endpoint due to missing server-side input sanitization. Although the client interface applies HTML escaping, the backend accepts and stores arbitrary HTML and JavaScript supplied via modified POST requests.\n\nThe injected content is rendered verbatim when support cases are viewed by other users, including support staff with elevated privileges, allowing execution of arbitrary JavaScript in the victim\u2019s browser context."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-63",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-63 Cross-Site Scripting"
}
]
},
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-98",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-98 Phishing"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.1,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"description": "CWE-79 Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (Cross-site Scripting)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-116",
"description": "CWE-116 Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-01-22T01:39:11.948Z",
"orgId": "4760f414-e1ae-4ff1-bdad-c7a9c3538b79",
"shortName": "Altium"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://www.altium.com/platform/security-compliance/security-advisories"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Stored Cross-Site Scripting in Altium Live Support Center Comment Endpoint",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "4760f414-e1ae-4ff1-bdad-c7a9c3538b79",
"assignerShortName": "Altium",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-1011",
"datePublished": "2026-01-15T23:08:01.260Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-01-15T22:08:48.882Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-01-29T16:49:40.462Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-68460 (GCVE-0-2025-68460)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-18 04:54 – Updated: 2025-12-18 18:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Roundcube Webmail before 1.5.12 and 1.6 before 1.6.12 is prone to a information disclosure vulnerability in the HTML style sanitizer.
Severity
7.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
Impacted products
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-68460",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-18T18:27:49.263470Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-18T18:53:53.491Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Webmail",
"vendor": "Roundcube",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "1.5.12",
"status": "affected",
"version": "0",
"versionType": "semver"
},
{
"lessThan": "1.6.12",
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.6.0",
"versionType": "semver"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:roundcube:webmail:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "1.5.12",
"vulnerable": true
},
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:roundcube:webmail:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"versionEndExcluding": "1.6.12",
"versionStartIncluding": "1.6.0",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Roundcube Webmail before 1.5.12 and 1.6 before 1.6.12 is prone to a information disclosure vulnerability in the HTML style sanitizer."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 7.2,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "CHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-116",
"description": "CWE-116 Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-18T05:21:51.927Z",
"orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"shortName": "mitre"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://roundcube.net/news/2025/12/13/security-updates-1.6.12-and-1.5.12"
},
{
"url": "https://github.com/roundcube/roundcubemail/commit/08de250fba731b634bed188bbe18d2f6ef3c7571"
}
],
"x_generator": {
"engine": "CVE-Request-form 0.0.1"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
"assignerShortName": "mitre",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-68460",
"datePublished": "2025-12-18T04:54:13.338Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-12-18T04:54:13.074Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-18T18:53:53.491Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-66548 (GCVE-0-2025-66548)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-05 17:26 – Updated: 2025-12-08 20:12
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Nextcloud Deck app allows to spoof file extensions by using RTLO characters
Summary
Nextcloud Deck is a kanban style organization tool aimed at personal planning and project organization for teams integrated with Nextcloud. Prior to 1.12.7, 1.14.4, and 1.15.1, file extension can be spoofed by using RTLO characters, tricking users into download files with a different extension than what is displayed. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.12.7, 1.14.4, and 1.15.1.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nextcloud/security-advisories/… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/nextcloud/deck/pull/6671 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/nextcloud/deck/commit/afa95d3c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://hackerone.com/reports/2326618 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nextcloud | security-advisories |
Affected:
>= 1.15.0-beta.1, < 1.15.1
Affected: >= 1.14.0-beta.1, < 1.14.4 Affected: < 1.12.7 |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-66548",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-08T20:11:55.177966Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-08T20:12:07.012Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "security-advisories",
"vendor": "nextcloud",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 1.15.0-beta.1, \u003c 1.15.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 1.14.0-beta.1, \u003c 1.14.4"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 1.12.7"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Nextcloud Deck is a kanban style organization tool aimed at personal planning and project organization for teams integrated with Nextcloud. Prior to 1.12.7, 1.14.4, and 1.15.1, file extension can be spoofed by using RTLO characters, tricking users into download files with a different extension than what is displayed. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.12.7, 1.14.4, and 1.15.1."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 3.3,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-116",
"description": "CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-05T17:26:11.306Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/nextcloud/security-advisories/security/advisories/GHSA-xjvq-xvr7-xpg6",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/nextcloud/security-advisories/security/advisories/GHSA-xjvq-xvr7-xpg6"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/nextcloud/deck/pull/6671",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/nextcloud/deck/pull/6671"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/nextcloud/deck/commit/afa95d3c507465b9d31af7c88c69b76711ef185a",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/nextcloud/deck/commit/afa95d3c507465b9d31af7c88c69b76711ef185a"
},
{
"name": "https://hackerone.com/reports/2326618",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/2326618"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-xjvq-xvr7-xpg6",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Nextcloud Deck app allows to spoof file extensions by using RTLO characters"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-66548",
"datePublished": "2025-12-05T17:26:11.306Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-12-04T15:52:26.550Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-08T20:12:07.012Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-66488 (GCVE-0-2025-66488)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-28 18:15 – Updated: 2026-01-28 19:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Discourse allows script execution in uploaded HTML/XML files on S3
Summary
Discourse is an open source discussion platform. A vulnerability present in versions prior to 3.5.4, 2025.11.2, 2025.12.1, and 2026.1.0 affects anyone who uses S3 for uploads. While scripts may be executed, they will only be run in the context of the S3/CDN domain, with no site credentials. Versions 3.5.4, 2025.11.2, 2025.12.1, and 2026.1.0 fix the issue. As a workaround, disallow html or xml files for uploads in authorized_extensions. For existing html xml uploads, site owners can consider deleting them.
Severity
4.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/discourse/discourse/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-66488",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-01-28T18:28:39.719089Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-01-28T18:28:50.363Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "discourse",
"vendor": "discourse",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.5.4"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2025.11.0-latest, \u003c 2025.11.2"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2025.12.0-latest, \u003c 2025.12.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003e= 2026.1.0-latest, \u003c 2026.1.0"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Discourse is an open source discussion platform. A vulnerability present in versions prior to 3.5.4, 2025.11.2, 2025.12.1, and 2026.1.0 affects anyone who uses S3 for uploads. While scripts may be executed, they will only be run in the context of the S3/CDN domain, with no site credentials. Versions 3.5.4, 2025.11.2, 2025.12.1, and 2026.1.0 fix the issue. As a workaround, disallow html or xml files for uploads in authorized_extensions. For existing html xml uploads, site owners can consider deleting them."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "LOW",
"baseScore": 4.6,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-116",
"description": "CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-01-28T19:29:11.123Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/discourse/discourse/security/advisories/GHSA-68jp-3934-62rx",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/discourse/discourse/security/advisories/GHSA-68jp-3934-62rx"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-68jp-3934-62rx",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Discourse allows script execution in uploaded HTML/XML files on S3"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-66488",
"datePublished": "2026-01-28T18:15:52.902Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-12-02T22:44:04.706Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-01-28T19:29:11.123Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-64325 (GCVE-0-2025-64325)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-18 22:32 – Updated: 2025-11-19 16:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Emby Server is Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution Through XSS in Admin Dashboard
Summary
Emby Server is a personal media server. Prior to version 4.8.1.0 and prior to Beta version 4.9.0.0-beta, a malicious user can send an authentication request with a manipulated X-Emby-Client value, which gets added to the devices section of the admin dashboard without sanitization. This issue has been patched in version 4.8.1.0 and Beta version 4.9.0.0-beta.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/EmbySupport/Emby.Security/secu… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| EmbySupport | Emby.Security |
Affected:
Emby Server (Web App) < 4.8.1.0
Affected: Emby Server Beta (Web App) < 4.9.0.0-beta |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-64325",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-19T16:44:20.901084Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-19T16:44:25.026Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/EmbySupport/Emby.Security/security/advisories/GHSA-2gwc-988r-2r7x"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Emby.Security",
"vendor": "EmbySupport",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "Emby Server (Web App) \u003c 4.8.1.0"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "Emby Server Beta (Web App) \u003c 4.9.0.0-beta"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Emby Server is a personal media server. Prior to version 4.8.1.0 and prior to Beta version 4.9.0.0-beta, a malicious user can send an authentication request with a manipulated X-Emby-Client value, which gets added to the devices section of the admin dashboard without sanitization. This issue has been patched in version 4.8.1.0 and Beta version 4.9.0.0-beta."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 8.4,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "ACTIVE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"description": "CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-116",
"description": "CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-18T22:32:06.902Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/EmbySupport/Emby.Security/security/advisories/GHSA-2gwc-988r-2r7x",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/EmbySupport/Emby.Security/security/advisories/GHSA-2gwc-988r-2r7x"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-2gwc-988r-2r7x",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Emby Server is Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution Through XSS in Admin Dashboard"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-64325",
"datePublished": "2025-11-18T22:32:06.902Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-10-30T17:40:52.028Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-19T16:44:25.026Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2025-61912 (GCVE-0-2025-61912)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-10 22:04 – Updated: 2025-10-14 14:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
python-ldap Vulnerable to Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output and Improper Null Termination
Summary
python-ldap is a lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP) client API for Python. In versions prior to 3.4.5, ldap.dn.escape_dn_chars() escapes \x00 incorrectly by emitting a backslash followed by a literal NUL byte instead of the RFC-4514 hex form \00. Any application that uses this helper to construct DNs from untrusted input can be made to consistently fail before a request is sent to the LDAP server (e.g., AD), resulting in a client-side denial of service. Version 3.4.5 contains a patch for the issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/python-ldap/python-ldap/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/python-ldap/python-ldap/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/python-ldap/python-ldap/releas… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| python-ldap | python-ldap |
Affected:
< 3.4.5
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-61912",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-10-14T14:57:58.750366Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-14T14:58:06.682Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "python-ldap",
"vendor": "python-ldap",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 3.4.5"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "python-ldap is a lightweight directory access protocol (LDAP) client API for Python. In versions prior to 3.4.5, ldap.dn.escape_dn_chars() escapes \\x00 incorrectly by emitting a backslash followed by a literal NUL byte instead of the RFC-4514 hex form \\00. Any application that uses this helper to construct DNs from untrusted input can be made to consistently fail before a request is sent to the LDAP server (e.g., AD), resulting in a client-side denial of service. Version 3.4.5 contains a patch for the issue."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 5.5,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-116",
"description": "CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-170",
"description": "CWE-170: Improper Null Termination",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-10T22:04:25.028Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/python-ldap/python-ldap/security/advisories/GHSA-p34h-wq7j-h5v6",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/python-ldap/python-ldap/security/advisories/GHSA-p34h-wq7j-h5v6"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/python-ldap/python-ldap/commit/6ea80326a34ee6093219628d7690bced50c49a3f",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/python-ldap/python-ldap/commit/6ea80326a34ee6093219628d7690bced50c49a3f"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/python-ldap/python-ldap/releases/tag/python-ldap-3.4.5",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/python-ldap/python-ldap/releases/tag/python-ldap-3.4.5"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-p34h-wq7j-h5v6",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "python-ldap Vulnerable to Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output and Improper Null Termination"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-61912",
"datePublished": "2025-10-10T22:04:25.028Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-10-03T22:21:59.614Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-14T14:58:06.682Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2025-61773 (GCVE-0-2025-61773)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-09 20:49 – Updated: 2025-10-10 14:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pyLoad CNL and captcha handlers allow code Injection via unsanitized parameters
Summary
pyLoad is a free and open-source download manager written in Python. In versions prior to 0.5.0b3.dev91, pyLoad web interface contained insufficient input validation in both the Captcha script endpoint and the Click'N'Load (CNL) Blueprint. This flaw allowed untrusted user input to be processed unsafely, which could be exploited by an attacker to inject arbitrary content into the web UI or manipulate request handling. The vulnerability could lead to client-side code execution (XSS) or other unintended behaviors when a malicious payload is submitted. user-supplied parameters from HTTP requests were not adequately validated or sanitized before being passed into the application logic and response generation. This allowed crafted input to alter the expected execution flow. CNL (Click'N'Load) blueprint exposed unsafe handling of untrusted parameters in HTTP requests. The application did not consistently enforce input validation or encoding, making it possible for an attacker to craft malicious requests. Version 0.5.0b3.dev91 contains a patch for the issue.
Severity
8.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-74 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
- CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
- CWE-79 - Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
- CWE-116 - Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pyload/pyload/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/pyload/pyload/pull/4624 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/pyload/pyload/commit/5823327d0… | x_refsource_MISC |
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2025-61773",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-10-10T14:29:28.296919Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-10T14:29:33.642Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/security/advisories/GHSA-cjjf-27cc-pvmv"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "pyload",
"vendor": "pyload",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "\u003c 0.5.0b3.dev91"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "pyLoad is a free and open-source download manager written in Python. In versions prior to 0.5.0b3.dev91, pyLoad web interface contained insufficient input validation in both the Captcha script endpoint and the Click\u0027N\u0027Load (CNL) Blueprint. This flaw allowed untrusted user input to be processed unsafely, which could be exploited by an attacker to inject arbitrary content into the web UI or manipulate request handling. The vulnerability could lead to client-side code execution (XSS) or other unintended behaviors when a malicious payload is submitted. user-supplied parameters from HTTP requests were not adequately validated or sanitized before being passed into the application logic and response generation. This allowed crafted input to alter the expected execution flow. CNL (Click\u0027N\u0027Load) blueprint exposed unsafe handling of untrusted parameters in HTTP requests. The application did not consistently enforce input validation or encoding, making it possible for an attacker to craft malicious requests. Version 0.5.0b3.dev91 contains a patch for the issue."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 8.1,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-74",
"description": "CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component (\u0027Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-79",
"description": "CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation (\u0027Cross-site Scripting\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-116",
"description": "CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-09T20:49:53.892Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/security/advisories/GHSA-cjjf-27cc-pvmv",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/security/advisories/GHSA-cjjf-27cc-pvmv"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/pull/4624",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/pull/4624"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/commit/5823327d0b797161c7195a1f660266d30a69f0ca",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/commit/5823327d0b797161c7195a1f660266d30a69f0ca"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-cjjf-27cc-pvmv",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "pyLoad CNL and captcha handlers allow code Injection via unsanitized parameters"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-61773",
"datePublished": "2025-10-09T20:49:53.892Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-09-30T19:43:49.901Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-10-10T14:29:33.642Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation MIT-4.3
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using the ESAPI Encoding control [REF-45] or a similar tool, library, or framework. These will help the programmer encode outputs in a manner less prone to error.
- Alternately, use built-in functions, but consider using wrappers in case those functions are discovered to have a vulnerability.
Mitigation MIT-27
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Parameterization
- If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
- For example, stored procedures can enforce database query structure and reduce the likelihood of SQL injection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Understand the context in which your data will be used and the encoding that will be expected. This is especially important when transmitting data between different components, or when generating outputs that can contain multiple encodings at the same time, such as web pages or multi-part mail messages. Study all expected communication protocols and data representations to determine the required encoding strategies.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
In some cases, input validation may be an important strategy when output encoding is not a complete solution. For example, you may be providing the same output that will be processed by multiple consumers that use different encodings or representations. In other cases, you may be required to allow user-supplied input to contain control information, such as limited HTML tags that support formatting in a wiki or bulletin board. When this type of requirement must be met, use an extremely strict allowlist to limit which control sequences can be used. Verify that the resulting syntactic structure is what you expect. Use your normal encoding methods for the remainder of the input.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use input validation as a defense-in-depth measure to reduce the likelihood of output encoding errors (see CWE-20).
Mitigation
Requirements
Fully specify which encodings are required by components that will be communicating with each other.
Mitigation
Implementation
When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
CAPEC-104: Cross Zone Scripting
An attacker is able to cause a victim to load content into their web-browser that bypasses security zone controls and gain access to increased privileges to execute scripting code or other web objects such as unsigned ActiveX controls or applets. This is a privilege elevation attack targeted at zone-based web-browser security.
CAPEC-73: User-Controlled Filename
An attack of this type involves an adversary inserting malicious characters (such as a XSS redirection) into a filename, directly or indirectly that is then used by the target software to generate HTML text or other potentially executable content. Many websites rely on user-generated content and dynamically build resources like files, filenames, and URL links directly from user supplied data. In this attack pattern, the attacker uploads code that can execute in the client browser and/or redirect the client browser to a site that the attacker owns. All XSS attack payload variants can be used to pass and exploit these vulnerabilities.
CAPEC-81: Web Server Logs Tampering
Web Logs Tampering attacks involve an attacker injecting, deleting or otherwise tampering with the contents of web logs typically for the purposes of masking other malicious behavior. Additionally, writing malicious data to log files may target jobs, filters, reports, and other agents that process the logs in an asynchronous attack pattern. This pattern of attack is similar to "Log Injection-Tampering-Forging" except that in this case, the attack is targeting the logs of the web server and not the application.
CAPEC-85: AJAX Footprinting
This attack utilizes the frequent client-server roundtrips in Ajax conversation to scan a system. While Ajax does not open up new vulnerabilities per se, it does optimize them from an attacker point of view. A common first step for an attacker is to footprint the target environment to understand what attacks will work. Since footprinting relies on enumeration, the conversational pattern of rapid, multiple requests and responses that are typical in Ajax applications enable an attacker to look for many vulnerabilities, well-known ports, network locations and so on. The knowledge gained through Ajax fingerprinting can be used to support other attacks, such as XSS.