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        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nsched: act_ct: take care of padding in struct zones_ht_key\n\nBlamed commit increased lookup key size from 2 bytes to 16 bytes,\nbecause zones_ht_key got a struct net pointer.\n\nMake sure rhashtable_lookup() is not using the padding bytes\nwhich are not initialized.\n\n BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in rht_ptr_rcu include/linux/rhashtable.h:376 [inline]\n BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in __rhashtable_lookup include/linux/rhashtable.h:607 [inline]\n BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in rhashtable_lookup include/linux/rhashtable.h:646 [inline]\n BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in rhashtable_lookup_fast include/linux/rhashtable.h:672 [inline]\n BUG: KMSAN: uninit-value in tcf_ct_flow_table_get+0x611/0x2260 net/sched/act_ct.c:329\n  rht_ptr_rcu include/linux/rhashtable.h:376 [inline]\n  __rhashtable_lookup include/linux/rhashtable.h:607 [inline]\n  rhashtable_lookup include/linux/rhashtable.h:646 [inline]\n  rhashtable_lookup_fast include/linux/rhashtable.h:672 [inline]\n  tcf_ct_flow_table_get+0x611/0x2260 net/sched/act_ct.c:329\n  tcf_ct_init+0xa67/0x2890 net/sched/act_ct.c:1408\n  tcf_action_init_1+0x6cc/0xb30 net/sched/act_api.c:1425\n  tcf_action_init+0x458/0xf00 net/sched/act_api.c:1488\n  tcf_action_add net/sched/act_api.c:2061 [inline]\n  tc_ctl_action+0x4be/0x19d0 net/sched/act_api.c:2118\n  rtnetlink_rcv_msg+0x12fc/0x1410 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6647\n  netlink_rcv_skb+0x375/0x650 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:2550\n  rtnetlink_rcv+0x34/0x40 net/core/rtnetlink.c:6665\n  netlink_unicast_kernel net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1331 [inline]\n  netlink_unicast+0xf52/0x1260 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1357\n  netlink_sendmsg+0x10da/0x11e0 net/netlink/af_netlink.c:1901\n  sock_sendmsg_nosec net/socket.c:730 [inline]\n  __sock_sendmsg+0x30f/0x380 net/socket.c:745\n  ____sys_sendmsg+0x877/0xb60 net/socket.c:2597\n  ___sys_sendmsg+0x28d/0x3c0 net/socket.c:2651\n  __sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2680 [inline]\n  __do_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2689 [inline]\n  __se_sys_sendmsg net/socket.c:2687 [inline]\n  __x64_sys_sendmsg+0x307/0x4a0 net/socket.c:2687\n  x64_sys_call+0x2dd6/0x3c10 arch/x86/include/generated/asm/syscalls_64.h:47\n  do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:52 [inline]\n  do_syscall_64+0xcd/0x1e0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:83\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x77/0x7f\n\nLocal variable key created at:\n  tcf_ct_flow_table_get+0x4a/0x2260 net/sched/act_ct.c:324\n  tcf_ct_init+0xa67/0x2890 net/sched/act_ct.c:1408"
        }
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
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            {
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable code is reached only through an RTM_NEWTFILTER/RTM_NEWACTION rtnetlink message on a local AF_NETLINK socket (tc filter/action installation), not from any remote or adjacent packet path. Per kernel scoring guidance, tc/netlink qdisc and action configuration is Local.\nAC:L - The uninitialised padding is read on every single `tcf_ct_flow_table_get()` call, so one `tc filter add ... action ct zone N` triggers it deterministically with no race to win and no memory-layout luck required. The stack residue is itself shaped by the attacker\u0027s own netlink attribute parsing on the same call path, so the attacker also influences the garbage that gets hashed.\nPR:L - The RTM_NEWTFILTER path is gated only by `netlink_net_capable(skb, CAP_NET_ADMIN)`, which checks the capability in the netns owner\u0027s user namespace, so an ordinary unprivileged user obtains it via `unshare -Urn` and needs only `lo` to attach a qdisc and an `action ct` filter. No real root in the init namespace is required.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the entire sequence \u2014 create the user/net namespace, add the ingress qdisc, install the ct action \u2014 with no victim participation. No file must be opened, mounted or clicked by another user.\nS:U - The uninitialised read, the resulting hashtable corruption and the resource growth all occur within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; no VM, IOMMU or sandbox boundary is crossed. Standard kernel-local impact, so Scope is Unchanged.\nC:H - Six bytes of uninitialised kernel stack residue \u2014 which on this call path can hold netlink-parsing leftovers and kernel pointer fragments \u2014 are read and then persisted verbatim into the long-lived heap `tcf_ct_flow_table` object, and are used to derive the hash bucket. Consistent with how KMSAN uninit-value defects are treated, use of uninitialised kernel memory is scored as a high confidentiality impact.\nI:H - Hashing and comparing over uninitialised bytes corrupts the integrity of the global `zones_ht` keyspace: identical `(net, zone)` pairs no longer match, so duplicate and effectively unreachable entries accumulate and the netns-isolation invariant that commit 88c67aeb1407 introduced becomes unreliable. Conntrack flow-offload state is consequently split across duplicate tables, silently corrupting connection tracking decisions for traffic the action handles.\nA:H - Each failed lookup allocates a fresh `tcf_ct_flow_table` plus a full `nf_flow_table_init()` \u2014 a private rhashtable, an entry on the global `flowtables` list, and a GC work item requeued every jiffy-second \u2014 so an unprivileged namespace user can drive unbounded kernel memory and workqueue exhaustion affecting the whole system. On KMSAN-instrumented kernels the uninitialised read is a reported BUG, which panics with `panic_on_warn`."
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    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:36:13.182Z",
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