GCVE Workshop - 22 September 2026 (14:00-18:00), Luxembourg Before The Vulnopticon Conference - Registration

CVE-2018-16151 (GCVE-0-2018-16151)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2018-09-26 21:00 – Updated: 2025-12-03 20:26
VLAI
Summary
In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data after the encoded algorithm OID during PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Similar to the flaw in the same version of strongSwan regarding digestAlgorithm.parameters, a remote attacker can forge signatures when small public exponents are being used, which could lead to impersonation when only an RSA signature is used for IKEv2 authentication.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-12-03 20:25 UTC
CWE
  • n/a
  • CWE-347 - Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_DEBIAN
https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_GENTOO
https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strong… x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018… mailing-listx_refsource_MLIST
https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/ vendor-advisoryx_refsource_UBUNTU
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-annou… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_SUSE
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-annou… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_SUSE
http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-annou… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_SUSE
Date Public
2018-09-24 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T10:17:37.623Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "name": "DSA-4305",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_DEBIAN",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305"
          },
          {
            "name": "GLSA-201811-16",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_GENTOO",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-%28cve-2018-16151%2C-cve-2018-16152%29.html"
          },
          {
            "name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20180926 [SECURITY] [DLA 1522-1] strongswan security update",
            "tags": [
              "mailing-list",
              "x_refsource_MLIST",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00032.html"
          },
          {
            "name": "USN-3771-1",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_UBUNTU",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/"
          },
          {
            "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2594",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_SUSE",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00077.html"
          },
          {
            "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2598",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_SUSE",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00001.html"
          },
          {
            "name": "openSUSE-SU-2020:0403",
            "tags": [
              "vendor-advisory",
              "x_refsource_SUSE",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00047.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
              "baseScore": 7.5,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2018-16151",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-12-03T20:25:18.608507Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-347",
                "description": "CWE-347 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-12-03T20:26:00.122Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "n/a",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "datePublic": "2018-09-24T00:00:00.000Z",
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data after the encoded algorithm OID during PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Similar to the flaw in the same version of strongSwan regarding digestAlgorithm.parameters, a remote attacker can forge signatures when small public exponents are being used, which could lead to impersonation when only an RSA signature is used for IKEv2 authentication."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "description": "n/a",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "text"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2020-03-30T00:06:04.000Z",
        "orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
        "shortName": "mitre"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "DSA-4305",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_DEBIAN"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305"
        },
        {
          "name": "GLSA-201811-16",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_GENTOO"
          ],
          "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-%28cve-2018-16151%2C-cve-2018-16152%29.html"
        },
        {
          "name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20180926 [SECURITY] [DLA 1522-1] strongswan security update",
          "tags": [
            "mailing-list",
            "x_refsource_MLIST"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00032.html"
        },
        {
          "name": "USN-3771-1",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_UBUNTU"
          ],
          "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/"
        },
        {
          "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2594",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_SUSE"
          ],
          "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00077.html"
        },
        {
          "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2598",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_SUSE"
          ],
          "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00001.html"
        },
        {
          "name": "openSUSE-SU-2020:0403",
          "tags": [
            "vendor-advisory",
            "x_refsource_SUSE"
          ],
          "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00047.html"
        }
      ],
      "x_legacyV4Record": {
        "CVE_data_meta": {
          "ASSIGNER": "cve@mitre.org",
          "ID": "CVE-2018-16151",
          "STATE": "PUBLIC"
        },
        "affects": {
          "vendor": {
            "vendor_data": [
              {
                "product": {
                  "product_data": [
                    {
                      "product_name": "n/a",
                      "version": {
                        "version_data": [
                          {
                            "version_value": "n/a"
                          }
                        ]
                      }
                    }
                  ]
                },
                "vendor_name": "n/a"
              }
            ]
          }
        },
        "data_format": "MITRE",
        "data_type": "CVE",
        "data_version": "4.0",
        "description": {
          "description_data": [
            {
              "lang": "eng",
              "value": "In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data after the encoded algorithm OID during PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Similar to the flaw in the same version of strongSwan regarding digestAlgorithm.parameters, a remote attacker can forge signatures when small public exponents are being used, which could lead to impersonation when only an RSA signature is used for IKEv2 authentication."
            }
          ]
        },
        "problemtype": {
          "problemtype_data": [
            {
              "description": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "n/a"
                }
              ]
            }
          ]
        },
        "references": {
          "reference_data": [
            {
              "name": "DSA-4305",
              "refsource": "DEBIAN",
              "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305"
            },
            {
              "name": "GLSA-201811-16",
              "refsource": "GENTOO",
              "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-(cve-2018-16151,-cve-2018-16152).html",
              "refsource": "CONFIRM",
              "url": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-(cve-2018-16151,-cve-2018-16152).html"
            },
            {
              "name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20180926 [SECURITY] [DLA 1522-1] strongswan security update",
              "refsource": "MLIST",
              "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00032.html"
            },
            {
              "name": "USN-3771-1",
              "refsource": "UBUNTU",
              "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/"
            },
            {
              "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2594",
              "refsource": "SUSE",
              "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00077.html"
            },
            {
              "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2598",
              "refsource": "SUSE",
              "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00001.html"
            },
            {
              "name": "openSUSE-SU-2020:0403",
              "refsource": "SUSE",
              "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00047.html"
            }
          ]
        }
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
    "assignerShortName": "mitre",
    "cveId": "CVE-2018-16151",
    "datePublished": "2018-09-26T21:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2018-08-29T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-12-03T20:26:00.122Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2018-16151",
      "date": "2026-09-20",
      "epss": "0.01888",
      "percentile": "0.78607"
    },
    "fkie_nvd": {
      "configurations": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:strongswan:strongswan:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "matchCriteriaId": "B6D6BC52-A09F-4CB8-BB81-AC1FFCCE5612",
                  "versionEndIncluding": "4.6.4",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "4.0.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:strongswan:strongswan:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "matchCriteriaId": "43E0C1EC-FC33-4A36-8572-8E052C4DB9B7",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.7.0",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.0.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "matchCriteriaId": "C11E6FB0-C8C0-4527-9AA0-CB9B316F8F43",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "matchCriteriaId": "DEECE5FC-CACF-4496-A3E7-164736409252",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:14.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*",
                  "matchCriteriaId": "B5A6F2F3-4894-4392-8296-3B8DD2679084",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:16.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*",
                  "matchCriteriaId": "F7016A2A-8365-4F1A-89A2-7A19F2BCAE5B",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:18.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*",
                  "matchCriteriaId": "23A7C53F-B80F-4E6A-AFA9-58EEA84BE11D",
                  "vulnerable": true
                }
              ],
              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data after the encoded algorithm OID during PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Similar to the flaw in the same version of strongSwan regarding digestAlgorithm.parameters, a remote attacker can forge signatures when small public exponents are being used, which could lead to impersonation when only an RSA signature is used for IKEv2 authentication."
        },
        {
          "lang": "es",
          "value": "En verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() en gmp_rsa_public_key.c en el plugin gmp en strongSwan en versiones 4.x y 5.x anteriores a la 5.7.0, la implementaci\u00f3n RSA basada en GMP no rechaza los datos sobrantes tras el algoritmo OID cifrado durante la verificaci\u00f3n de firmas PKCS#1 v1.5. De forma similar al error en la misma versi\u00f3n de strongSwan relacionado con digestAlgorithm.parameters, un atacante remoto puede falsificar firmas cuando se emplean peque\u00f1os exponentes p\u00fablicos, lo que podr\u00eda conducir a una suplantaci\u00f3n cuando solo se emplea una firma RSA para la autenticaci\u00f3n IKEv2."
        }
      ],
      "id": "CVE-2018-16151",
      "lastModified": "2024-11-21T03:52:10.623",
      "metrics": {
        "cvssMetricV2": [
          {
            "acInsufInfo": false,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "cvssData": {
              "accessComplexity": "LOW",
              "accessVector": "NETWORK",
              "authentication": "NONE",
              "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
              "baseScore": 5.0,
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
              "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N",
              "version": "2.0"
            },
            "exploitabilityScore": 10.0,
            "impactScore": 2.9,
            "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
            "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
            "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary",
            "userInteractionRequired": false
          }
        ],
        "cvssMetricV30": [
          {
            "cvssData": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
              "baseScore": 7.5,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
              "version": "3.0"
            },
            "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
            "impactScore": 3.6,
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      },
      "published": "2018-09-26T21:29:01.087",
      "references": [
        {
          "source": "cve@mitre.org",
          "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00077.html"
        },
        {
          "source": "cve@mitre.org",
          "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00001.html"
        },
        {
          "source": "cve@mitre.org",
          "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00047.html"
        },
        {
          "source": "cve@mitre.org",
          "tags": [
            "Mailing List",
            "Third Party Advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00032.html"
        },
        {
          "source": "cve@mitre.org",
          "tags": [
            "Third Party Advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16"
        },
        {
          "source": "cve@mitre.org",
          "tags": [
            "Third Party Advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/"
        },
        {
          "source": "cve@mitre.org",
          "tags": [
            "Third Party Advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305"
        },
        {
          "source": "cve@mitre.org",
          "url": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-%28cve-2018-16151%2C-cve-2018-16152%29.html"
        },
        {
          "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00077.html"
        },
        {
          "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00001.html"
        },
        {
          "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00047.html"
        },
        {
          "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "tags": [
            "Mailing List",
            "Third Party Advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00032.html"
        },
        {
          "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "tags": [
            "Third Party Advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16"
        },
        {
          "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "tags": [
            "Third Party Advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/"
        },
        {
          "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "tags": [
            "Third Party Advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305"
        },
        {
          "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "url": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-%28cve-2018-16151%2C-cve-2018-16152%29.html"
        }
      ],
      "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org",
      "vulnStatus": "Modified",
      "weaknesses": [
        {
          "description": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CWE-347"
            }
          ],
          "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
          "type": "Primary"
        }
      ]
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "configurations": [
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:strongswan:strongswan:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "B6D6BC52-A09F-4CB8-BB81-AC1FFCCE5612",
                    "versionEndIncluding": "4.6.4",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "4.0.0",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:strongswan:strongswan:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "43E0C1EC-FC33-4A36-8572-8E052C4DB9B7",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "5.7.0",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "5.0.0",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:8.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "C11E6FB0-C8C0-4527-9AA0-CB9B316F8F43",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:9.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "DEECE5FC-CACF-4496-A3E7-164736409252",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:14.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "B5A6F2F3-4894-4392-8296-3B8DD2679084",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:16.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "F7016A2A-8365-4F1A-89A2-7A19F2BCAE5B",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:canonical:ubuntu_linux:18.04:*:*:*:lts:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "23A7C53F-B80F-4E6A-AFA9-58EEA84BE11D",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data after the encoded algorithm OID during PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Similar to the flaw in the same version of strongSwan regarding digestAlgorithm.parameters, a remote attacker can forge signatures when small public exponents are being used, which could lead to impersonation when only an RSA signature is used for IKEv2 authentication."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "En verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() en gmp_rsa_public_key.c en el plugin gmp en strongSwan en versiones 4.x y 5.x anteriores a la 5.7.0, la implementaci\u00f3n RSA basada en GMP no rechaza los datos sobrantes tras el algoritmo OID cifrado durante la verificaci\u00f3n de firmas PKCS#1 v1.5. De forma similar al error en la misma versi\u00f3n de strongSwan relacionado con digestAlgorithm.parameters, un atacante remoto puede falsificar firmas cuando se emplean peque\u00f1os exponentes p\u00fablicos, lo que podr\u00eda conducir a una suplantaci\u00f3n cuando solo se emplea una firma RSA para la autenticaci\u00f3n IKEv2."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2018-16151",
        "lastModified": "2025-12-03T21:15:50.587",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV2": [
            {
              "acInsufInfo": false,
              "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
              "cvssData": {
                "accessComplexity": "LOW",
                "accessVector": "NETWORK",
                "authentication": "NONE",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 5.0,
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "PARTIAL",
                "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:N/C:N/I:P/A:N",
                "version": "2.0"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 10.0,
              "impactScore": 2.9,
              "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
              "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
              "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary",
              "userInteractionRequired": false
            }
          ],
          "cvssMetricV30": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 7.5,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
                "version": "3.0"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
              "impactScore": 3.6,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ],
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 7.5,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 3.9,
              "impactScore": 3.6,
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2018-09-26T21:29:01.087",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00077.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00001.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00047.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "tags": [
              "Mailing List",
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00032.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "tags": [
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16"
          },
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "tags": [
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/"
          },
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "tags": [
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305"
          },
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "url": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-%28cve-2018-16151%2C-cve-2018-16152%29.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00077.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00001.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00047.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Mailing List",
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00032.html"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Third Party Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "url": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-%28cve-2018-16151%2C-cve-2018-16152%29.html"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-347"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          },
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-347"
              }
            ],
            "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2025-12-03T21:51:35+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2018-16151",
      "id": "CVE-2018-16151",
      "initial_release_date": "2018-09-24T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "strongswan: authentication bypass in verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2018/cve-2018-16151.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-31T08:40:10Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2018-16151",
      "id": "CVE-2018-16151",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-02-15T04:24:34Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "31",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "140",
      "product_status:recommended": "437",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2018-16151",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2018-16151.json",
      "version": "15"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T10:17:37.623Z",
              "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
              "shortName": "CVE"
            },
            "references": [
              {
                "name": "DSA-4305",
                "tags": [
                  "vendor-advisory",
                  "x_refsource_DEBIAN",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305"
              },
              {
                "name": "GLSA-201811-16",
                "tags": [
                  "vendor-advisory",
                  "x_refsource_GENTOO",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16"
              },
              {
                "tags": [
                  "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-%28cve-2018-16151%2C-cve-2018-16152%29.html"
              },
              {
                "name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20180926 [SECURITY] [DLA 1522-1] strongswan security update",
                "tags": [
                  "mailing-list",
                  "x_refsource_MLIST",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00032.html"
              },
              {
                "name": "USN-3771-1",
                "tags": [
                  "vendor-advisory",
                  "x_refsource_UBUNTU",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/"
              },
              {
                "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2594",
                "tags": [
                  "vendor-advisory",
                  "x_refsource_SUSE",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00077.html"
              },
              {
                "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2598",
                "tags": [
                  "vendor-advisory",
                  "x_refsource_SUSE",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00001.html"
              },
              {
                "name": "openSUSE-SU-2020:0403",
                "tags": [
                  "vendor-advisory",
                  "x_refsource_SUSE",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00047.html"
              }
            ],
            "title": "CVE Program Container"
          },
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "cvssV3_1": {
                  "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                  "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                  "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                  "baseScore": 7.5,
                  "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                  "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                  "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                  "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                  "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                  "userInteraction": "NONE",
                  "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
                  "version": "3.1"
                }
              },
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2018-16151",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "yes"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2025-12-03T20:25:18.608507Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "problemTypes": [
              {
                "descriptions": [
                  {
                    "cweId": "CWE-347",
                    "description": "CWE-347 Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature",
                    "lang": "en",
                    "type": "CWE"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-12-03T20:25:29.161Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "product": "n/a",
              "vendor": "n/a",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "n/a"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "datePublic": "2018-09-24T00:00:00.000Z",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data after the encoded algorithm OID during PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Similar to the flaw in the same version of strongSwan regarding digestAlgorithm.parameters, a remote attacker can forge signatures when small public exponents are being used, which could lead to impersonation when only an RSA signature is used for IKEv2 authentication."
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "description": "n/a",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "text"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2020-03-30T00:06:04.000Z",
            "orgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
            "shortName": "mitre"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "name": "DSA-4305",
              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory",
                "x_refsource_DEBIAN"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305"
            },
            {
              "name": "GLSA-201811-16",
              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory",
                "x_refsource_GENTOO"
              ],
              "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16"
            },
            {
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
              ],
              "url": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-%28cve-2018-16151%2C-cve-2018-16152%29.html"
            },
            {
              "name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20180926 [SECURITY] [DLA 1522-1] strongswan security update",
              "tags": [
                "mailing-list",
                "x_refsource_MLIST"
              ],
              "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00032.html"
            },
            {
              "name": "USN-3771-1",
              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory",
                "x_refsource_UBUNTU"
              ],
              "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/"
            },
            {
              "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2594",
              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory",
                "x_refsource_SUSE"
              ],
              "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00077.html"
            },
            {
              "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2598",
              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory",
                "x_refsource_SUSE"
              ],
              "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00001.html"
            },
            {
              "name": "openSUSE-SU-2020:0403",
              "tags": [
                "vendor-advisory",
                "x_refsource_SUSE"
              ],
              "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00047.html"
            }
          ],
          "x_legacyV4Record": {
            "CVE_data_meta": {
              "ASSIGNER": "cve@mitre.org",
              "ID": "CVE-2018-16151",
              "STATE": "PUBLIC"
            },
            "affects": {
              "vendor": {
                "vendor_data": [
                  {
                    "product": {
                      "product_data": [
                        {
                          "product_name": "n/a",
                          "version": {
                            "version_data": [
                              {
                                "version_value": "n/a"
                              }
                            ]
                          }
                        }
                      ]
                    },
                    "vendor_name": "n/a"
                  }
                ]
              }
            },
            "data_format": "MITRE",
            "data_type": "CVE",
            "data_version": "4.0",
            "description": {
              "description_data": [
                {
                  "lang": "eng",
                  "value": "In verify_emsa_pkcs1_signature() in gmp_rsa_public_key.c in the gmp plugin in strongSwan 4.x and 5.x before 5.7.0, the RSA implementation based on GMP does not reject excess data after the encoded algorithm OID during PKCS#1 v1.5 signature verification. Similar to the flaw in the same version of strongSwan regarding digestAlgorithm.parameters, a remote attacker can forge signatures when small public exponents are being used, which could lead to impersonation when only an RSA signature is used for IKEv2 authentication."
                }
              ]
            },
            "problemtype": {
              "problemtype_data": [
                {
                  "description": [
                    {
                      "lang": "eng",
                      "value": "n/a"
                    }
                  ]
                }
              ]
            },
            "references": {
              "reference_data": [
                {
                  "name": "DSA-4305",
                  "refsource": "DEBIAN",
                  "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4305"
                },
                {
                  "name": "GLSA-201811-16",
                  "refsource": "GENTOO",
                  "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-16"
                },
                {
                  "name": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-(cve-2018-16151,-cve-2018-16152).html",
                  "refsource": "CONFIRM",
                  "url": "https://www.strongswan.org/blog/2018/09/24/strongswan-vulnerability-(cve-2018-16151,-cve-2018-16152).html"
                },
                {
                  "name": "[debian-lts-announce] 20180926 [SECURITY] [DLA 1522-1] strongswan security update",
                  "refsource": "MLIST",
                  "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/09/msg00032.html"
                },
                {
                  "name": "USN-3771-1",
                  "refsource": "UBUNTU",
                  "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3771-1/"
                },
                {
                  "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2594",
                  "refsource": "SUSE",
                  "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-11/msg00077.html"
                },
                {
                  "name": "openSUSE-SU-2019:2598",
                  "refsource": "SUSE",
                  "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-12/msg00001.html"
                },
                {
                  "name": "openSUSE-SU-2020:0403",
                  "refsource": "SUSE",
                  "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00047.html"
                }
              ]
            }
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
        "assignerShortName": "mitre",
        "cveId": "CVE-2018-16151",
        "datePublished": "2018-09-26T21:00:00.000Z",
        "dateReserved": "2018-08-29T00:00:00.000Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2025-12-03T20:26:00.122Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.


Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.