Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-95
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes code syntax before using the input in a dynamic evaluation call (e.g. "eval").
271 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-64193 (GCVE-0-2026-64193)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 17:54 – Updated: 2026-07-21 18:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Net::DNS versions through 1.55 for Perl allow remote execution injection via EDNS EXTENDED ERROR
Summary
Net::DNS versions through 1.55 for Perl allow remote execution injection via EDNS EXTENDED ERROR.
Net::DNS::RR::OPT::EXTENDED_ERROR::_decompose parses the EXTRA-TEXT field of an EDNS EXTENDED-ERROR option (RFC 8914) by tokenising the raw bytes and passing the result to Perl's eval. There is some escaping done for $ and @, but not for backticks. This can be exploited for command execution if $pkt->edns->option('EXTENDED-ERROR') is called in array context, for example with a payload of {0:`"<command>"`} in EXTRA-TEXT.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
Credits
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CVE-2026-53875 (GCVE-0-2026-53875)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-17 15:05 – Updated: 2026-06-17 17:50
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
picklescan - Scanning Bypass via Dynamic Eval in scan_pytorch
Summary
picklescan before 1.0.3 contains a scanning bypass vulnerability in the scan_pytorch function that allows attackers to embed malicious magic numbers via dynamic eval using the __reduce__ trick. Attackers can craft malicious PyTorch payloads that evade picklescan detection while remaining executable, enabling arbitrary code execution when loaded with torch.load().
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/security… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/commit/2… | patch |
| https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/commit/1… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/picklescan-s… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| picklescan | picklescan |
Affected:
0 , < 1.0.3
(semver)
Unaffected: 1.0.3 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-02-16 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-52858 (GCVE-0-2026-52858)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-11 18:32 – Updated: 2026-06-12 12:48
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Vim: Arbitrary Code Execution via Python Omni-Completion
Summary
Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0561, the Python omni-completion script in python3complete.vim for Vim with the +python3 interpreter enabled (and the legacy pythoncomplete.vim for builds with the +python interpreter) executes the import and from statements found in the current buffer through Python's import machinery. Because the buffer's working directory is on sys.path, opening a hostile .py file with a sibling Python package and invoking omni-completion runs that package's top-level code as the editing user. This issue has been patched in version 9.2.0561.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/4b850457e12e1a6… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v9.2.0561 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-50733 (GCVE-0-2026-50733)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-05 17:49 – Updated: 2026-06-05 19:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Markdown Preview Enhanced Arbitrary Code Execution via WaveDrom eval()
Summary
Markdown Preview Enhanced before 0.8.28 parses WaveDrom diagrams by evaluating untrusted markdown content with eval(), allowing arbitrary JavaScript execution. The flaw affects every render path - the live preview (window.eval) and presentation mode plus HTML export (the bundled WaveDrom.ProcessAll()/eva() helpers) - and can also be triggered through a <script type="WaveDrom"> element injected via raw HTML in markdown. When a victim previews or exports a crafted markdown document, an attacker can execute arbitrary code, leading to arbitrary file write. Fixed in 0.8.28 by parsing with JSON5.parse() and sanitizing WaveDrom data scripts to inert strict JSON.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-prev… | release-notes |
| https://github.com/shd101wyy/vscode-markdown-prev… | issue-tracking |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/markdown-pre… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| shd101wyy | Markdown Preview Enhanced |
Affected:
0 , < 0.8.28
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-06-05 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2026-48962 (GCVE-0-2026-48962)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-27 03:12 – Updated: 2026-07-15 00:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
IO::Compress versions before 2.220 for Perl can execute arbitrary code in File::GlobMapper via an attacker-controlled output glob
Summary
IO::Compress versions before 2.220 for Perl can execute arbitrary code in File::GlobMapper via an attacker-controlled output glob.
_parseOutputGlob() wraps the caller-supplied output glob string in double quotes and stores it in the parser state; _getFiles() then runs the stored expression through eval STRING. A literal double quote in the output glob closes the dquote wrapper, and the characters that follow are evaluated as Perl.
Arbitrary Perl in the output glob executes at the calling process's privilege.
Severity
7.3 (High)
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
18 references
Impacted products
16 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| PMQS | IO::Compress |
Affected:
0 , < 2.220
(custom)
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 |
Unaffected:
0:2.212-512.el10_2.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10.0 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.212-512.el10_0.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Extended Lifecycle Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.061-2.el7_9.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_els:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
8100020260616084412.651ee29f , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 |
Unaffected:
0:2.081-2.el8_10 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.081-1.el8_4.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On |
Unaffected:
0:2.081-1.el8_4.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.081-1.el8_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_aus:8.6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.6 Extended Update Support Long-Life Add-On |
Unaffected:
0:2.081-1.el8_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Telecommunications Update Service |
Unaffected:
0:2.081-1.el8_8.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_tus:8.8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.8 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:2.081-1.el8_8.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 |
Unaffected:
0:2.102-4.el9_8.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.2 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:2.102-4.el9_2.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions |
Unaffected:
0:2.102-4.el9_4.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9.6 Extended Update Support |
Unaffected:
0:2.102-4.el9_6.1 , < *
(rpm)
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6 |
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CVE-2026-47391 (GCVE-0-2026-47391)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-21 15:21 – Updated: 2026-07-23 14:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PraisonAI's unauthenticated A2A official example can reach real LLM-driven `eval()` tool execution
Summary
PraisonAI is a multi-agent teams system. Prior to version 4.6.40, PraisonAI's first-party A2A server example exposes an unauthenticated A2A JSON-RPC endpoint and registers a `calculate(expression)` tool implemented with Python `eval()`. The example also binds to `0.0.0.0`. A remote unauthenticated attacker can send `message/send` to `/a2a`; the request reaches `agent.chat()`, and a real LLM can invoke the registered `calculate` tool. In testing with `gemini/gemini-2.5-flash-lite`, this resulted in arbitrary Python execution in the server process, confirmed by creation of a marker file from an unauthenticated HTTP request. The issue affects deployments following the official A2A example or similar unauthenticated public A2A deployments with unsafe tools. The default unauthenticated A2A surface also exposes task history and task cancellation APIs, increasing confidentiality and integrity impact. Version 4.6.40 patches the issue.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/pull/1793 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MervinPraison | PraisonAI |
Affected:
< 4.6.40
|
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CVE-2026-47167 (GCVE-0-2026-47167)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-11 18:31 – Updated: 2026-06-12 12:47
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Vim: Vimscript Code Injection in cucumber filetype plugin via crafted step-definition regex
Summary
Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to version 9.2.0496, a code injection vulnerability exists in s:stepmatch() in the cucumber filetype plugin (runtime/ftplugin/cucumber.vim) on Vim builds with +ruby support. Step-definition patterns read from .rb files under the repository's features/*/ or stories/*/ directories are embedded into a Ruby Kernel.eval argument without sufficient escaping, allowing a crafted pattern in an attacker-controlled repository to execute arbitrary Ruby (and through it arbitrary shell commands) when the user invokes a step-jump mapping ([d, ]d). This issue has been patched in version 9.2.0496.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/a65a52d684bc585… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v9.2.0496 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-47103 (GCVE-0-2026-47103)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-17 14:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 21:33 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Python StateMachine 3.0.0 < 3.2.0 RCE via SCXML eval() Injection
Summary
Python StateMachine versions 3.0.0 before 3.2.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to execute arbitrary code by supplying malicious SCXML documents containing crafted `<data expr="...">` attributes evaluated unsafely. The SCXMLProcessor passes attacker-controlled expression strings through a call chain ending in Python's built-in eval() without sandboxing, enabling arbitrary code execution in the context of the hosting process.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/fgmacedo/python-statemachine/r… | release-notes |
| https://github.com/fgmacedo/python-statemachine/s… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/python-state… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| fgmacedo | python-statemachine |
Affected:
3.0.0 , < 3.2.0
(semver)
|
Date Public
2026-06-16 00:00
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CVE-2026-46586 (GCVE-0-2026-46586)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-19 09:41 – Updated: 2026-05-20 15:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Apache OFBiz: Improper Validation in traverseContent Service Enables Authenticated Groovy Code Execution
Summary
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection'), Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection') vulnerability in Apache OFBiz.
This issue affects Apache OFBiz: before 24.09.06.
Users are recommended to upgrade to version 24.09.06, which fixes the issue.
Severity
8.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://lists.apache.org/thread/7mgjl81nrpxqtfcg6… | vendor-advisory |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/0… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apache Software Foundation | Apache OFBiz |
Affected:
0 , < 24.09.06
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-46562 (GCVE-0-2026-46562)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-16 16:06 – Updated: 2026-07-16 18:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Yamcs: Remote Code Execution via Mission Database algorithm override
Summary
Yamcs is a mission control framework. Prior to 5.12.7, the Nashorn ScriptEngine used to evaluate user-supplied JavaScript algorithm text in yamcs-core/src/main/java/org/yamcs/algorithms/ScriptAlgorithmExecutorFactory.java was constructed without a ClassFilter, so a user with the ChangeMissionDatabase privilege could override an algorithm through the MdbOverrideApi.updateAlgorithm endpoint and supply JavaScript that reaches arbitrary Java classes (for example Java.type("java.lang.Runtime").getRuntime().exec(...)) to execute arbitrary OS commands as the Yamcs process; in the default configuration with no security.yaml the built-in guest user has superuser=true, making the issue reachable without authentication. This issue is fixed in versions 5.12.7 and 5.13.0, which disable algorithm editing by default.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/yamcs/yamcs/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/yamcs/yamcs/commit/3c550348f86… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/yamcs/yamcs/commit/4ff8fda642e… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/yamcs/yamcs/releases/tag/yamcs… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/yamcs/yamcs/releases/tag/yamcs… | x_refsource_MISC |
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Strategy: Refactoring
If possible, refactor your code so that it does not need to use eval() at all.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Implementation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
- Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.