Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-95
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete
The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes code syntax before using the input in a dynamic evaluation call (e.g. "eval").
261 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-5971 (GCVE-0-2026-5971)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-09 18:00 – Updated: 2026-04-13 20:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FoundationAgents MetaGPT XML action_node.py ActionNode.xml_fill eval injection
Summary
A flaw has been found in FoundationAgents MetaGPT up to 0.8.1. This vulnerability affects the function ActionNode.xml_fill of the file metagpt/actions/action_node.py of the component XML Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through a pull request but has not reacted yet.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/356525 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/356525/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/791734 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/FoundationAgents/MetaGPT/issues/1928 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://github.com/FoundationAgents/MetaGPT/issues/1956 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/FoundationAgents/MetaGPT/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FoundationAgents | MetaGPT |
Affected:
0.8.0
Affected: 0.8.1 |
Credits
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CVE-2026-4965 (GCVE-0-2026-4965)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-27 17:41 – Updated: 2026-03-27 22:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
letta-ai letta Incomplete Fix CVE-2025-6101 ast_parsers.py resolve_type eval injection
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in letta-ai letta 0.16.4. This issue affects the function resolve_type of the file letta/functions/ast_parsers.py of the component Incomplete Fix CVE-2025-6101. Performing a manipulation results in improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.353842 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.353842 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.777654 | third-party-advisory |
| https://gist.github.com/YLChen-007/fc09bc447a73bb… | exploit |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-4851 (GCVE-0-2026-4851)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-29 00:22 – Updated: 2026-04-01 14:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GRID::Machine versions through 0.127 for Perl allows arbitrary code execution via unsafe deserialization
Summary
GRID::Machine versions through 0.127 for Perl allows arbitrary code execution via unsafe deserialization.
GRID::Machine provides Remote Procedure Calls (RPC) over SSH for Perl. The client connects to remote hosts to execute code on them. A compromised or malicious remote host can execute arbitrary code back on the client through unsafe deserialization in the RPC protocol.
read_operation() in lib/GRID/Machine/Message.pm deserialises values from the remote side using eval()
$arg .= '$VAR1';
my $val = eval "no strict; $arg"; # line 40-41
$arg is raw bytes from the protocol pipe. A compromised remote host can embed arbitrary perl in the Dumper-formatted response:
$VAR1 = do { system("..."); };
This executes on the client silently on every RPC call, as the return values remain correct.
This functionality is by design but the trust requirement for the remote host is not documented in the distribution.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/… | third-party-advisory |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/03/26/6 |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CASIANO | GRID::Machine |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 0.127
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-4837 (GCVE-0-2026-4837)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-08 15:59 – Updated: 2026-04-13 13:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Eval Injection in Rapid7 Insight Agent
Summary
An eval() injection vulnerability in the Rapid7 Insight Agent beaconing logic for Linux versions could theoretically allow an attacker to achieve remote code execution as root via a crafted beacon response. Because the Agent uses mutual TLS (mTLS) to verify commands from the Rapid7 Platform, it is unlikely that the eval() function could be exploited remotely without prior, highly privileged access to the backend platform.
Severity
6.6 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper neutralization of directives in dynamically evaluated code ('eval injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Rapid7 | Insight Agent |
Affected:
0 , < 4.1.0.2
(custom)
|
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CVE-2026-4001 (GCVE-0-2026-4001)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-23 23:25 – Updated: 2026-04-08 17:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Woocommerce Custom Product Addons Pro <= 5.4.1 - Unauthenticated Remote Code Execution via Custom Pricing Formula
Summary
The Woocommerce Custom Product Addons Pro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in all versions up to, and including, 5.4.1 via the custom pricing formula eval() in the process_custom_formula() function within includes/process/price.php. This is due to insufficient sanitization and validation of user-submitted field values before passing them to PHP's eval() function. The sanitize_values() method strips HTML tags but does not escape single quotes or prevent PHP code injection. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary code on the server by submitting a crafted value to a WCPA text field configured with custom pricing formula (pricingType: "custom" with {this.value}).
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| acowebs | Woocommerce Custom Product Addons Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.4.1
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-1665 (GCVE-0-2026-1665)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-29 23:04 – Updated: 2026-01-30 18:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Command Injection in nvm via NVM_AUTH_HEADER in wget code path
Summary
A command injection vulnerability exists in nvm (Node Version Manager) versions 0.40.3 and below. The nvm_download() function uses eval to execute wget commands, and the NVM_AUTH_HEADER environment variable was not sanitized in the wget code path (though it was sanitized in the curl code path). An attacker who can set environment variables in a victim's shell environment (e.g., via malicious CI/CD configurations, compromised dotfiles, or Docker images) can inject arbitrary shell commands that execute when the victim runs nvm commands that trigger downloads, such as 'nvm install' or 'nvm ls-remote'.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/commit/44e2590cdf25… | patch |
| https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/releases/tag/v0.40.4 | release-notes |
| https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm | product |
| https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm/pull/3380 | x_introduced |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2026-1470 (GCVE-0-2026-1470)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-27 14:23 – Updated: 2026-01-27 14:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Authenticated users can bypass the Expression sandbox mechanism to achieve full remote code execution on n8n’s main node.
Summary
n8n contains a critical Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in its workflow Expression evaluation system. Expressions supplied by authenticated users during workflow configuration may be evaluated in an execution context that is not sufficiently isolated from the underlying runtime.
An authenticated attacker could abuse this behavior to execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the n8n process. Successful exploitation may lead to full compromise of the affected instance, including unauthorized access to sensitive data, modification of workflows, and execution of system-level operations.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/aa4d1e582582… | patch |
| https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/n8n-ex… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-0863 (GCVE-0-2026-0863)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-18 15:37 – Updated: 2026-01-23 17:58
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Sandbox escape in n8n Python task runner allows for arbitrary code execution on the underlying host.
Summary
Using string formatting and exception handling, an attacker may bypass n8n's python-task-executor sandbox restrictions and run arbitrary unrestricted Python code in the underlying operating system.
The vulnerability can be exploited via the Code block by an authenticated user with basic permissions and can lead to a full n8n instance takeover on instances operating under "Internal" execution mode.
If the instance is operating under the "External" execution mode (ex. n8n's official Docker image) - arbitrary code execution occurs inside a Sidecar container and not the main node, which significantly reduces the vulnerability impact.
Severity
8.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://research.jfrog.com/vulnerabilities/n8n-py… | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/b73a4283cb14… | patch |
| https://www.smartkeyss.com/post/cve-2026-0863-pyt… |
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-0769 (GCVE-0-2026-0769)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-23 03:28 – Updated: 2026-02-26 14:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Langflow eval_custom_component_code Eval Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Langflow eval_custom_component_code Eval Injection Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of Langflow. Authentication is not required to exploit this vulnerability.
The specific flaw exists within the implementation of eval_custom_component_code function. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of a user-supplied string before using it to execute python code. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-26972.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-… | x_research-advisory |
Date Public
2026-01-09 16:37
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CVE-2025-71361 (GCVE-0-2025-71361)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 11:53 – Updated: 2026-06-24 16:02
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
picklescan - Remote Code Execution via Undetected idlelib.calltip.Calltip.fetch_tip
Summary
picklescan before 0.0.29 fails to detect malicious idlelib.calltip.Calltip.fetch_tip calls in pickle files, allowing remote code execution. Attackers can embed undetected payloads in pickle files that execute arbitrary code when loaded via pickle.load().
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/security… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/picklescan-r… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| picklescan | picklescan |
Affected:
0 , < 0.0.29
(semver)
Unaffected: 0.0.29 (semver) |
Date Public
2025-08-26 00:00
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Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Strategy: Refactoring
If possible, refactor your code so that it does not need to use eval() at all.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Implementation
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
- Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.