Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-95

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Incomplete

The product receives input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes code syntax before using the input in a dynamic evaluation call (e.g. "eval").

293 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-73248 (GCVE-0-2026-73248)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 21:56 – Updated: 2026-08-11 21:56
VLAI
Title
calibre: Bypass of Python template restrictions via nested `template()` leading to RCE
Summary
calibre is an e-book manager. Prior to 9.12.0, calibre processes attacker-controlled composite_template metadata from a malicious EPUB, OPF, PDF, or similar file through program: and a nested template() call whose formatter does not inherit allow_python_templates=False, allowing a nested python: template to reach compile_python_template and execute arbitrary Python code when the file is opened or imported. This issue is fixed in version 9.12.0.
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
kovidgoyal calibre Affected: < 9.12.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-73231 (GCVE-0-2026-73231)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-11 19:28 – Updated: 2026-08-11 19:28
VLAI
Title
Faker: helpers.fake exploitable into arbritary code execution
Summary
Faker generates massive amounts of fake data in the browser and Node.js. Prior to 10.5.0, the faker.helpers.fake method in src/modules/helpers/eval.ts allows attacker-controlled fake templates to access the Function constructor through fakeEval.resolveProperty when a function returns another function, enabling arbitrary JavaScript code execution. This issue is fixed in version 10.5.0.
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
faker-js faker Affected: < 10.5.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-72904 (GCVE-0-2026-72904)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 20:42 – Updated: 2026-08-11 14:28
VLAI
Title
Firecrawl: Arbitrary file read via JSON Schema $ref expansion
Summary
Firecrawl turns entire websites into LLM-ready markdown or structured data. Prior to 2.11.32, a critical arbitrary file read vulnerability exists in Firecrawl's extraction functionality due to unsafe schema dereferencing of user-supplied JSON schemas in apps/api/src/lib/extract/helpers/dereference-schema.ts. The affected code invokes the json-schema-ref-parser dependency with default resolver settings, allowing external and local file references to be resolved during schema processing. An authenticated attacker can supply a malicious schema containing a $ref within default, const, or enum fields that are not traversed by AJV validation. By triggering a dereference error, file contents from the extract worker filesystem may be included in persisted error messages returned through the extraction API, enabling arbitrary file reads and SSRF against internal or external HTTP endpoints. This issue is fixed in version 2.11.32.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-77 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
  • CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
firecrawl firecrawl Affected: < 2.11.32
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-69264 (GCVE-0-2026-69264)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-04 17:22 – Updated: 2026-08-04 17:53
VLAI
Title
Flowise: RCE via CSVAgent csvFile data URI base64 segment is interpolated into Python source without validation
Summary
Prior to 3.1.3, Flowise CSVAgent interpolates an attacker-controlled segment of the csvFile data URI directly into a Python source-code template that is then executed by Pyodide. Because Pyodide is loaded with the default js bridge to globalThis, which on Node.js exposes eval and dynamic import, the attacker can break out of the Python string literal, hand a JavaScript string to js.eval, dynamically import Node built-in modules such as fs and child_process, and execute arbitrary file I/O or OS commands as the Flowise process. The two validator paths around this code, validatePythonCodeForDataFrame and validateCustomReadCSVFunction, are never applied to the bootstrap template. A workspace user with chatflows:create or agentflows/chatflows update permission can plant a CSV Agent node with a crafted csvFile; once the chatflow is exposed via POST /api/v1/prediction/:id, any unauthenticated request triggers host remote code execution. This issue is fixed in version 3.1.3.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FlowiseAI Flowise Affected: < 3.1.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-69253 (GCVE-0-2026-69253)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-04 15:13 – Updated: 2026-08-05 14:42
VLAI
Title
Flowise Sandbox Escape to RCE
Summary
Flowise is a drag-and-drop user interface for building customized large language model (LLM) flows. Prior to version 3.1.3, several custom-tool components — AgentAsTool, ChatflowTool, and ExecuteFlow — ran code in the in-process  vm2  sandbox. To build that code, they inserted a user-controlled  baseURL  value straight into the JavaScript source, for example  const url = "${baseURL}/..."; . The only check on  baseURL  was  isValidURL , but a valid-looking URL can still contain characters that break out of a code string. An authenticated user could craft a  baseURL  that passed this check, closed the surrounding string, and injected their own JavaScript into the sandboxed script (code injection, CWE-94). The  vm2  sandbox runs in the same Node.js process as Flowise and exposes risky dependencies. As a result, the injected code could escape the sandbox and run arbitrary code on the Flowise server as the Flowise process user. Exploitation only requires an authenticated session. The issue is fixed in version 3.1.3, which passes the URL to the sandbox as data instead of inserting it into code and adds stricter URL validation.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
FlowiseAI Flowise Affected: < 3.1.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-67195 (GCVE-0-2026-67195)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-04 14:03 – Updated: 2026-08-04 15:06 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
Perspective 5.0.0 RCE via eval() Expression Injection
Summary
Perspective 5.0.0 contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands by submitting crafted expression strings to the PolarsVirtualServer backend, which passes client-supplied input directly to Python's eval() with only __builtins__={} cleared. Attackers can exploit Python object attribute traversal through the interpreter's loaded class list to reach subprocess.Popen via a TableValidateExprReq or TableMakeViewReq protobuf message, achieving arbitrary command execution in the Perspective host process.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
perspective-dev perspective Affected: 0 , ≤ 5.0.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-08-03 00:00
Credits
Christ Bowel Bouchuen
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-64193 (GCVE-0-2026-64193)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 17:54 – Updated: 2026-07-21 18:55
VLAI
Title
Net::DNS versions through 1.55 for Perl allow remote execution injection via EDNS EXTENDED ERROR
Summary
Net::DNS versions through 1.55 for Perl allow remote execution injection via EDNS EXTENDED ERROR. Net::DNS::RR::OPT::EXTENDED_ERROR::_decompose parses the EXTRA-TEXT field of an EDNS EXTENDED-ERROR option (RFC 8914) by tokenising the raw bytes and passing the result to Perl's eval. There is some escaping done for $ and @, but not for backticks. This can be exploited for command execution if $pkt->edns->option('EXTENDED-ERROR') is called in array context, for example with a payload of {0:`"<command>"`} in EXTRA-TEXT.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
NLNETLABS Net::DNS Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.55 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Steffen Ullrich
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-61511 (GCVE-0-2026-61511)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-27 12:39 – Updated: 2026-08-07 05:32
VLAI
Title
vBulletin < 6.2.2 Eval Injection RCE via vb5/template/runtime.php
Summary
vBulletin 5.x through 5.7.5 and 6.x through 6.2.1 contains an eval injection vulnerability in the vB5_Template_Runtime::runMaths() method within the template runtime that allows unauthenticated remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code by supplying crafted input through the pagenav[pagenumber] parameter. Attackers can exploit the insufficiently restrictive regex filter by using phpfuck-style encoding with permitted characters to inject and execute arbitrary PHP code via the unauthenticated ajax/render template route without any authentication.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
vBulletin vBulletin Affected: 5.0.0 , ≤ 5.7.5 (semver)
Affected: 6.0.0 , ≤ 6.2.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.2.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-07-27 00:00
Credits
Egidio Romano
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-55415 (GCVE-0-2026-55415)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-28 21:37 – Updated: 2026-07-29 14:06
VLAI
Title
datamodel-code-generator vulnerable to code injection via `x-python-import` / `customTypePath` in generated import statements
Summary
datamodel-code-generator generates Pydantic v2 models, dataclasses, TypedDict, and msgspec.Struct from OpenAPI, JSON Schema, GraphQL, Avro, Protobuf, and raw JSON, YAML, or CSV. From 0.11.6 until 0.64.0, datamodel-code-generator allows attacker-controlled x-python-import or customTypePath schema extensions to reach src/datamodel_code_generator/parser/jsonschema.py and generated import handling through Import.from_full_path and Imports.create_line in src/datamodel_code_generator/imports.py, allowing a newline to break out of an import statement and execute Python code when the generated model is imported. This issue is fixed in version 0.64.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
koxudaxi datamodel-code-generator Affected: >= 0.11.6, < 0.64.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-53875 (GCVE-0-2026-53875)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-17 15:05 – Updated: 2026-06-17 17:50
VLAI
Title
picklescan - Scanning Bypass via Dynamic Eval in scan_pytorch
Summary
picklescan before 1.0.3 contains a scanning bypass vulnerability in the scan_pytorch function that allows attackers to embed malicious magic numbers via dynamic eval using the __reduce__ trick. Attackers can craft malicious PyTorch payloads that evade picklescan detection while remaining executable, enabling arbitrary code execution when loaded with torch.load().
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-95 - Improper Neutralization of Directives in Dynamically Evaluated Code ('Eval Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
picklescan picklescan Affected: 0 , < 1.0.3 (semver)
Unaffected: 1.0.3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-02-16 00:00
Credits
zpbrent
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Refactoring

If possible, refactor your code so that it does not need to use eval() at all.

Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Implementation
  • Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
  • Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.