Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-522

Allowed-with-Review

Insufficiently Protected Credentials

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.

1811 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-Q3F6-HQPP-MV3W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:47 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:47
VLAI
Details

Schneider Electric StruxureWare Data Center Expert before 7.4.0 uses cleartext RAM storage for passwords, which might allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.

Severity
6.8 (Medium)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-8371"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-04-30T20:59:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Schneider Electric StruxureWare Data Center Expert before 7.4.0 uses cleartext RAM storage for passwords, which might allow remote attackers to obtain sensitive information via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-q3f6-hqpp-mv3w",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:47:30Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:47:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-8371"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2016-343-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.datacenterdynamics.com/content-tracks/security-risk/schneider-patches-critical-vulnerability-in-struxureware-dcim/97738.fullarticle"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q46J-26G9-J9W4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-02 06:30 – Updated: 2025-02-05 15:32
VLAI
Details

The Forminator plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Sensitive Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 1.29.1 via class-forminator-addon-hubspot-wp-api.php. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to extract the HubSpot integration developer API key and make unauthorized changes to the plugin's HubSpot integration or expose personally identifiable information from plugin users using the HubSpot integration.

Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-7389"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-02T05:15:51Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Forminator plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Sensitive Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 1.29.1 via class-forminator-addon-hubspot-wp-api.php. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to extract the HubSpot integration developer API key and make unauthorized changes to the plugin\u0027s HubSpot integration or expose personally identifiable information from plugin users using the HubSpot integration.",
  "id": "GHSA-q46j-26g9-j9w4",
  "modified": "2025-02-05T15:32:19Z",
  "published": "2024-08-02T06:30:56Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7389"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://developers.hubspot.com/docs/api/webhooks#manage-settings-via-api"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://developers.hubspot.com/docs/api/webhooks#scopes"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3047085/forminator/trunk/addons/pro/hubspot/lib/class-forminator-addon-hubspot-wp-api.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/source-code-dive-to-hunt-for-secrets-in-forminator-code-cve-2024-7389"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/0d04b822-a48a-485e-b9b5-f5a213307c71?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q49M-QRH9-4JC8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-13 18:31 – Updated: 2024-06-13 18:31
VLAI
Details

Logs storing credentials are insufficiently protected and can be decoded through the use of open source tools.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-38285"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-13T18:15:11Z",
    "severity": null
  },
  "details": "Logs storing credentials are insufficiently protected and can be decoded through the use of open source tools.",
  "id": "GHSA-q49m-qrh9-4jc8",
  "modified": "2024-06-13T18:31:59Z",
  "published": "2024-06-13T18:31:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38285"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-165-19"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-Q4MQ-9JGH-5QRX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:51 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:51
VLAI
Details

Technicolor DPC3928SL D3928SL-PSIP-13-A010-c3420r55105-170214a devices allow remote attackers to discover Wi-Fi credentials via iso.3.6.1.4.1.4413.2.2.2.1.5.4.1.14.1.3.10001 and 1.3.6.1.4.1.4413.2.2.2.1.18.1.2.3.4.1.2.10001 SNMP requests.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-20439"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-12-25T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Technicolor DPC3928SL D3928SL-PSIP-13-A010-c3420r55105-170214a devices allow remote attackers to discover Wi-Fi credentials via iso.3.6.1.4.1.4413.2.2.2.1.5.4.1.14.1.3.10001 and 1.3.6.1.4.1.4413.2.2.2.1.18.1.2.3.4.1.2.10001 SNMP requests.",
  "id": "GHSA-q4mq-9jgh-5qrx",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:51:04Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:51:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-20439"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://misteralfa-hack.blogspot.com/2018/12/technicolor-passwords-wireless-via-snmp.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q4VM-PQ3Q-8WGQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 20:17 – Updated: 2026-07-14 20:17
VLAI
Summary
nebula-mesh: Operator session tokens stored in plaintext in the database
Details

Impact

Operator session tokens are stored in plaintext in the operator_sessions table (the token column is the PRIMARY KEY). The session token is a 32-byte random hex value sent directly in a cookie and valid for 24 hours.

  • internal/models/operator.go:61 — OperatorSession.Token holds the plaintext token.
  • internal/store/sqlite_operators.go:590 — CreateOperatorSession inserts sess.Token verbatim.
  • internal/store/sqlite_operators.go:603,642,681,698 — lookups/updates/deletes use WHERE token = ? against the plaintext value.

Anyone who can read the database (backup, snapshot, file copy, or SQL-level disclosure) obtains every active session token and can hijack operator sessions directly, with no further authentication.

This is functionally identical to the plaintext enrollment-token issue fixed in GHSA-ghmh-jhmj-wcmf. API keys (OperatorAPIKey.KeyHash) and enrollment tokens (EnrollmentToken.TokenHash) already store only a SHA256 hash; session tokens were missed.

Patches

Store only a SHA256 hash of the session token, mirroring API keys and enrollment tokens: 1. Add a HashSessionToken helper (alongside the existing token-hash helpers). 2. Migration to add a token_hash column. 3. Update CreateOperatorSession, PromoteOperatorSession, and GetOperatorBySession to write/look up by hash. 4. Drop the plaintext token column in a follow-up migration.

Sessions are ephemeral (24h TTL), so all active sessions can be invalidated on deployment — no backward compatibility needed.

Workarounds

Restrict and encrypt database backups; rotate the operator database. These mitigate exposure but do not fix the underlying storage of plaintext tokens.

Resources

  • internal/models/operator.go:58-66
  • internal/store/sqlite_operators.go:577-698
  • Migration 005_operators.up.sql:27
  • Prior related advisory: GHSA-ghmh-jhmj-wcmf
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.3.7"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/forgekeep/nebula-mesh"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.3.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-53603"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-312",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-14T20:17:04Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Impact\n\nOperator session tokens are stored in plaintext in the `operator_sessions` table (the `token` column is the PRIMARY KEY). The session token is a 32-byte random hex value sent directly in a cookie and valid for 24 hours.\n\n- `internal/models/operator.go:61` \u2014 `OperatorSession.Token` holds the plaintext token.\n- `internal/store/sqlite_operators.go:590` \u2014 `CreateOperatorSession` inserts `sess.Token` verbatim.\n- `internal/store/sqlite_operators.go:603,642,681,698` \u2014 lookups/updates/deletes use `WHERE token = ?` against the plaintext value.\n\nAnyone who can read the database (backup, snapshot, file copy, or SQL-level disclosure) obtains every active session token and can hijack operator sessions directly, with no further authentication.\n\nThis is functionally identical to the plaintext enrollment-token issue fixed in GHSA-ghmh-jhmj-wcmf. API keys (`OperatorAPIKey.KeyHash`) and enrollment tokens (`EnrollmentToken.TokenHash`) already store only a SHA256 hash; session tokens were missed.\n\n## Patches\n\nStore only a SHA256 hash of the session token, mirroring API keys and enrollment tokens:\n1. Add a `HashSessionToken` helper (alongside the existing token-hash helpers).\n2. Migration to add a `token_hash` column.\n3. Update `CreateOperatorSession`, `PromoteOperatorSession`, and `GetOperatorBySession` to write/look up by hash.\n4. Drop the plaintext `token` column in a follow-up migration.\n\nSessions are ephemeral (24h TTL), so all active sessions can be invalidated on deployment \u2014 no backward compatibility needed.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nRestrict and encrypt database backups; rotate the operator database. These mitigate exposure but do not fix the underlying storage of plaintext tokens.\n\n## Resources\n\n- `internal/models/operator.go:58-66`\n- `internal/store/sqlite_operators.go:577-698`\n- Migration `005_operators.up.sql:27`\n- Prior related advisory: GHSA-ghmh-jhmj-wcmf",
  "id": "GHSA-q4vm-pq3q-8wgq",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T20:17:04Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T20:17:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/forgekeep/nebula-mesh/security/advisories/GHSA-q4vm-pq3q-8wgq"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/forgekeep/nebula-mesh/commit/7cb01bab281ded557f8b6c81dab5f48d4c10182e"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/forgekeep/nebula-mesh"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/forgekeep/nebula-mesh/releases/tag/v0.3.8"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "nebula-mesh: Operator session tokens stored in plaintext in the database"
}

GHSA-Q522-992X-QPMC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-07 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-07 18:30
VLAI
Details

In HCL DevOps Deploy 8.1.2.0 through 8.1.2.3, a user with LLM configuration privileges may be able to recover a credential previously saved for performing authenticated LLM Queries.

Severity
4.9 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-62327"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-07T16:15:50Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In HCL DevOps Deploy 8.1.2.0 through 8.1.2.3, a user with LLM configuration privileges may be able to recover a credential previously saved for performing authenticated LLM Queries.",
  "id": "GHSA-q522-992x-qpmc",
  "modified": "2026-01-07T18:30:25Z",
  "published": "2026-01-07T18:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62327"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.hcl-software.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0127336"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q557-C2GH-WM95

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-11 03:32 – Updated: 2023-02-21 18:30
VLAI
Details

Dell PowerScale OneFS, versions 8.2.x through 9.3.x contain a weak encoding for a password. A malicious local privileged attacker may potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to information disclosure.

Severity
4.4 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-34445"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-261",
      "CWE-326",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-11T01:23:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Dell PowerScale OneFS, versions 8.2.x through 9.3.x contain a weak encoding for a password. A malicious local privileged attacker may potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to information disclosure.",
  "id": "GHSA-q557-c2gh-wm95",
  "modified": "2023-02-21T18:30:24Z",
  "published": "2023-02-11T03:32:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-34445"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000205618/dsa-2022-271"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q6VX-VH72-2P68

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:45 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:45
VLAI
Details

Realtek xPON RTL9601D SDK 1.9 stores passwords in plaintext which may allow attackers to possibly gain access to the device with root permissions via the build-in network monitoring tool and execute arbitrary commands.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-27372"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-03-25T22:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Realtek xPON RTL9601D SDK 1.9 stores passwords in plaintext which may allow attackers to possibly gain access to the device with root permissions via the build-in network monitoring tool and execute arbitrary commands.",
  "id": "GHSA-q6vx-vh72-2p68",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:45:33Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:45:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27372"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.realtek.com/images/safe-report/RTL9601D_CVE-2021-27372.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-Q6XW-9FP6-V5F6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-15 18:30 – Updated: 2024-03-15 18:30
VLAI
Details

IBM Host Access Transformation Services (HATS) 9.6 through 9.6.1.4 and 9.7 through 9.7.0.3 stores user credentials in plain clear text which can be read by a local user. IBM X-Force ID: 210989.

Severity
6.2 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-38938"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-15T16:15:07Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "IBM Host Access Transformation Services (HATS) 9.6 through 9.6.1.4 and 9.7 through 9.7.0.3 stores user credentials in plain clear text which can be read by a local user.  IBM X-Force ID:  210989.",
  "id": "GHSA-q6xw-9fp6-v5f6",
  "modified": "2024-03-15T18:30:36Z",
  "published": "2024-03-15T18:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38938"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/210989"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6832964"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-Q73Q-MH85-FCV8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:01 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:01
VLAI
Details

An exploitable clear text transmission of password vulnerability exists in the web server and telnet functionality of Moxa EDR-810 V4.1 build 17030317. An attacker can look at network traffic to get the admin password for the device. The attacker can then use the credentials to login as admin.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-12123"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-05-14T20:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An exploitable clear text transmission of password vulnerability exists in the web server and telnet functionality of Moxa EDR-810 V4.1 build 17030317. An attacker can look at network traffic to get the admin password for the device. The attacker can then use the credentials to login as admin.",
  "id": "GHSA-q73q-mh85-fcv8",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:01:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:01:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-12123"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2017-0475"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).

CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking

Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.

CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft

An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.

CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation

An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.

CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting

Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials

This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.

CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.

CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.

CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing

An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.

CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.

CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)

An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.

CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.

CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.

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