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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/de203da734fae00e75be50220ba5391e7beecdf9"
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      "title": "ntb_hw_switchtec: Fix shift-out-of-bounds in switchtec_ntb_mw_set_trans",
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndrm/xe: Fix an out-of-bounds shift when invalidating TLB\n\nWhen the size of the range invalidated is larger than\nrounddown_pow_of_two(ULONG_MAX),\nThe function macro roundup_pow_of_two(length) will hit an out-of-bounds\nshift [1].\n\nUse a full TLB invalidation for such cases.\nv2:\n- Use a define for the range size limit over which we use a full\n  TLB invalidation. (Lucas)\n- Use a better calculation of the limit.\n\n[1]:\n[   39.202421] ------------[ cut here ]------------\n[   39.202657] UBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in ./include/linux/log2.h:57:13\n[   39.202673] shift exponent 64 is too large for 64-bit type \u0027long unsigned int\u0027\n[   39.202688] CPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 3129 Comm: xe_exec_system_ Tainted: G     U             6.14.0+ #10\n[   39.202690] Tainted: [U]=USER\n[   39.202690] Hardware name: ASUS System Product Name/PRIME B560M-A AC, BIOS 2001 02/01/2023\n[   39.202691] Call Trace:\n[   39.202692]  \u003cTASK\u003e\n[   39.202695]  dump_stack_lvl+0x6e/0xa0\n[   39.202699]  ubsan_epilogue+0x5/0x30\n[   39.202701]  __ubsan_handle_shift_out_of_bounds.cold+0x61/0xe6\n[   39.202705]  xe_gt_tlb_invalidation_range.cold+0x1d/0x3a [xe]\n[   39.202800]  ? find_held_lock+0x2b/0x80\n[   39.202803]  ? mark_held_locks+0x40/0x70\n[   39.202806]  xe_svm_invalidate+0x459/0x700 [xe]\n[   39.202897]  drm_gpusvm_notifier_invalidate+0x4d/0x70 [drm_gpusvm]\n[   39.202900]  __mmu_notifier_release+0x1f5/0x270\n[   39.202905]  exit_mmap+0x40e/0x450\n[   39.202912]  __mmput+0x45/0x110\n[   39.202914]  exit_mm+0xc5/0x130\n[   39.202916]  do_exit+0x21c/0x500\n[   39.202918]  ? lockdep_hardirqs_on_prepare+0xdb/0x190\n[   39.202920]  do_group_exit+0x36/0xa0\n[   39.202922]  get_signal+0x8f8/0x900\n[   39.202926]  arch_do_signal_or_restart+0x35/0x100\n[   39.202930]  syscall_exit_to_user_mode+0x1fc/0x290\n[   39.202932]  do_syscall_64+0xa1/0x180\n[   39.202934]  ? do_user_addr_fault+0x59f/0x8a0\n[   39.202937]  ? lock_release+0xd2/0x2a0\n[   39.202939]  ? do_user_addr_fault+0x5a9/0x8a0\n[   39.202942]  ? trace_hardirqs_off+0x4b/0xc0\n[   39.202944]  ? clear_bhb_loop+0x25/0x80\n[   39.202946]  ? clear_bhb_loop+0x25/0x80\n[   39.202947]  ? clear_bhb_loop+0x25/0x80\n[   39.202950]  entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n[   39.202952] RIP: 0033:0x7fa945e543e1\n[   39.202961] Code: Unable to access opcode bytes at 0x7fa945e543b7.\n[   39.202962] RSP: 002b:00007ffca8fb4170 EFLAGS: 00000293\n[   39.202963] RAX: 000000000000003d RBX: 0000000000000000 RCX: 00007fa945e543e3\n[   39.202964] RDX: 0000000000000000 RSI: 00007ffca8fb41ac RDI: 00000000ffffffff\n[   39.202964] RBP: 00007ffca8fb4190 R08: 0000000000000000 R09: 00007fa945f600a0\n[   39.202965] R10: 0000000000000000 R11: 0000000000000293 R12: 0000000000000000\n[   39.202966] R13: 00007fa9460dd310 R14: 00007ffca8fb41ac R15: 0000000000000000\n[   39.202970]  \u003c/TASK\u003e\n[   39.202970] ---[ end trace ]---\n\n(cherry picked from commit b88f48f86500bc0b44b4f73ac66d500a40d320ad)"
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached through the local DRM render node `/dev/dri/renderD*` via `DRM_IOCTL_XE_VM_CREATE`/`VM_BIND` and the subsequent mmu-notifier teardown of the calling process\u0027s own address space. No network or adjacent-network exposure exists.\nAC:L - The trigger is fully deterministic and requires no race or memory-layout grooming \u2014 `mn_itree_release()` always passes `start=0, end=ULONG_MAX`, so simply creating an xe SVM VM, binding a range, and exiting the process hits the out-of-bounds shift 100% of the time (as the reproducer `xe_exec_system_allocator` demonstrates).\nPR:L - All ioctls on the path are `DRM_RENDER_ALLOW` with no capability, DRM-master, or authentication check anywhere in `xe_vm_create_ioctl()`; an ordinary unprivileged local user with render-node access (the default for desktop session users and GPU-passthrough containers) can reach it.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers the bug entirely from their own process \u2014 the fatal invalidation is issued by the kernel during that process\u0027s own `exit_mmap()`. No victim action of any kind is needed.\nS:U - The vulnerable code and the impacted resources are both within the kernel\u0027s own security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed by the defect itself.\nC:H - The undefined shift corrupts the selective-invalidation length/exponent sent to GuC (or skips invalidation entirely), leaving stale GPU TLB translations to page tables torn down at process exit whose pages are immediately recycled, allowing attacker-supplied GPU work to DMA-read arbitrary kernel and other-process memory.\nI:H - The same stale GPU translations are writable, giving attacker-controlled GPU commands an arbitrary DMA write primitive into recycled kernel memory that bypasses the CPU page tables entirely.\nA:H - With x86 shift semantics the `while (start + length \u003c end)` loop overflows `length` to 0 and spins forever with the gpusvm rwsem held write inside an unkillable `do_exit()` path, producing a permanently hung task, blocked mmu-notifier progress on that mm, a leaked address space, and a soft-lockup/RCU-stall CPU spin that any unprivileged user can repeat per-CPU."
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7bcfeddb36b77f9fe3b010bb0b282b7618420bba"
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      "title": "drm/xe: Fix an out-of-bounds shift when invalidating TLB",
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ndevlink: rate: Unset parent pointer in devl_rate_nodes_destroy\n\nThe function devl_rate_nodes_destroy is documented to \"Unset parent for\nall rate objects\". However, it was only calling the driver-specific\n`rate_leaf_parent_set` or `rate_node_parent_set` ops and decrementing\nthe parent\u0027s refcount, without actually setting the\n`devlink_rate-\u003eparent` pointer to NULL.\n\nThis leaves a dangling pointer in the `devlink_rate` struct, which cause\nrefcount error in netdevsim[1] and mlx5[2]. In addition, this is\ninconsistent with the behavior of `devlink_nl_rate_parent_node_set`,\nwhere the parent pointer is correctly cleared.\n\nThis patch fixes the issue by explicitly setting `devlink_rate-\u003eparent`\nto NULL after notifying the driver, thus fulfilling the function\u0027s\ndocumented behavior for all rate objects.\n\n[1]\nrepro steps:\necho 1 \u003e /sys/bus/netdevsim/new_device\ndevlink dev eswitch set netdevsim/netdevsim1 mode switchdev\necho 1 \u003e /sys/bus/netdevsim/devices/netdevsim1/sriov_numvfs\ndevlink port function rate add netdevsim/netdevsim1/test_node\ndevlink port function rate set netdevsim/netdevsim1/128 parent test_node\necho 1 \u003e /sys/bus/netdevsim/del_device\n\ndmesg:\nrefcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory.\nWARNING: CPU: 8 PID: 1530 at lib/refcount.c:31 refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0\nCPU: 8 UID: 0 PID: 1530 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.18.0-rc4+ #1 NONE\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.0-0-gd239552ce722-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\nRIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n devl_rate_leaf_destroy+0x8d/0x90\n __nsim_dev_port_del+0x6c/0x70 [netdevsim]\n nsim_dev_reload_destroy+0x11c/0x140 [netdevsim]\n nsim_drv_remove+0x2b/0xb0 [netdevsim]\n device_release_driver_internal+0x194/0x1f0\n bus_remove_device+0xc6/0x130\n device_del+0x159/0x3c0\n device_unregister+0x1a/0x60\n del_device_store+0x111/0x170 [netdevsim]\n kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x12e/0x1e0\n vfs_write+0x215/0x3d0\n ksys_write+0x5f/0xd0\n do_syscall_64+0x55/0x10f0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53\n\n[2]\ndevlink dev eswitch set pci/0000:08:00.0 mode switchdev\ndevlink port add pci/0000:08:00.0 flavour pcisf pfnum 0 sfnum 1000\ndevlink port function rate add pci/0000:08:00.0/group1\ndevlink port function rate set pci/0000:08:00.0/32768 parent group1\nmodprobe -r mlx5_ib mlx5_fwctl mlx5_core\n\ndmesg:\nrefcount_t: decrement hit 0; leaking memory.\nWARNING: CPU: 7 PID: 16151 at lib/refcount.c:31 refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0\nCPU: 7 UID: 0 PID: 16151 Comm: bash Not tainted 6.17.0-rc7_for_upstream_min_debug_2025_10_02_12_44 #1 NONE\nHardware name: QEMU Standard PC (Q35 + ICH9, 2009), BIOS rel-1.16.3-0-ga6ed6b701f0a-prebuilt.qemu.org 04/01/2014\nRIP: 0010:refcount_warn_saturate+0x42/0xe0\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n devl_rate_leaf_destroy+0x8d/0x90\n mlx5_esw_offloads_devlink_port_unregister+0x33/0x60 [mlx5_core]\n mlx5_esw_offloads_unload_rep+0x3f/0x50 [mlx5_core]\n mlx5_eswitch_unload_sf_vport+0x40/0x90 [mlx5_core]\n mlx5_sf_esw_event+0xc4/0x120 [mlx5_core]\n notifier_call_chain+0x33/0xa0\n blocking_notifier_call_chain+0x3b/0x50\n mlx5_eswitch_disable_locked+0x50/0x110 [mlx5_core]\n mlx5_eswitch_disable+0x63/0x90 [mlx5_core]\n mlx5_unload+0x1d/0x170 [mlx5_core]\n mlx5_uninit_one+0xa2/0x130 [mlx5_core]\n remove_one+0x78/0xd0 [mlx5_core]\n pci_device_remove+0x39/0xa0\n device_release_driver_internal+0x194/0x1f0\n unbind_store+0x99/0xa0\n kernfs_fop_write_iter+0x12e/0x1e0\n vfs_write+0x215/0x3d0\n ksys_write+0x5f/0xd0\n do_syscall_64+0x53/0x1f0\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x4b/0x53"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
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              "value": "AV:L - The dangling `devlink_rate-\u003eparent` is dereferenced from the devlink generic-netlink interface (`DEVLINK_CMD_RATE_GET` dump) and from local device/eswitch reconfiguration paths reached via netlink and sysfs. No network packet processing is involved, so this is local-only.\nAC:L - Once `devl_rate_nodes_destroy()` runs (SR-IOV teardown, eswitch mode change, driver reload \u2014 routine in SR-IOV/DPU cloud hosts), the stale parent pointer persists in surviving leaf rate objects, so there is no race to win: the attacker sprays the 120-byte kmalloc-128 slot and then deterministically triggers the deref with an unprivileged `devlink port function rate show`. The reproducers in the commit message are deterministic one-shot command sequences.\nPR:L - The vulnerable dereference sites \u2014 `devlink_nl_rate_fill()` reading `devlink_rate-\u003eparent-\u003ename` and emitting it to userspace \u2014 sit behind `DEVLINK_CMD_RATE_GET`, which carries only `GENL_CMD_CAP_DO|DUMP` with no `GENL_ADMIN_PERM` and no family-level gate, so an ordinary unprivileged local user reaches the freed object and obtains the read primitive. Only the state-creating teardown needs CAP_NET_ADMIN, and that occurs as routine orchestration activity on the affected mlx5/ice/netdevsim hosts.\nUI:N - No victim must open a file, mount a filesystem, or interact in any way; the attacker issues the netlink dump (or the whole command sequence) themselves. Exploitation completes entirely within attacker-issued syscalls.\nS:U - The use-after-free read and write are confined to kernel slab memory under the same security authority as the kernel itself. No VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - `nla_put_string(msg, DEVLINK_ATTR_RATE_PARENT_NODE_NAME, devlink_rate-\u003eparent-\u003ename)` loads a pointer from offset 64 of the freed `struct devlink_rate` and copies the string it points at back to userspace; after reclaiming the kmalloc-128 slot with controlled data this is an unbounded arbitrary kernel-memory read delivered over an unprivileged netlink dump.\nI:H - `devl_rate_leaf_destroy()` performs `refcount_dec()` on offset 72 of the freed object, giving a controlled decrement primitive against whatever kmalloc-128 object reclaims the slot \u2014 dropping a live object\u0027s refcount to zero yields a second use-after-free and the standard heap-spray path to arbitrary write and control-flow hijack.\nA:H - Even without reclamation the bug reliably produces `refcount_warn_saturate` WARNINGs (\"decrement hit 0; leaking memory\") as shown in both netdevsim and mlx5 traces, which panic the box under `panic_on_warn`; with a reclaimed slot the corrupted refcount causes premature frees, slab corruption, and oops on the subsequent dangling-pointer string dereference."
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    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T07:20:57.181Z",
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                "options": [
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                  },
                  {
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                  },
                  {
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        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmptcp: fix race condition in mptcp_schedule_work()\n\nsyzbot reported use-after-free in mptcp_schedule_work() [1]\n\nIssue here is that mptcp_schedule_work() schedules a work,\nthen gets a refcount on sk-\u003esk_refcnt if the work was scheduled.\nThis refcount will be released by mptcp_worker().\n\n[A] if (schedule_work(...)) {\n[B]     sock_hold(sk);\n        return true;\n    }\n\nProblem is that mptcp_worker() can run immediately and complete before [B]\n\nWe need instead :\n\n    sock_hold(sk);\n    if (schedule_work(...))\n        return true;\n    sock_put(sk);\n\n[1]\nrefcount_t: addition on 0; use-after-free.\n WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 29 at lib/refcount.c:25 refcount_warn_saturate+0xfa/0x1d0 lib/refcount.c:25\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n __refcount_add include/linux/refcount.h:-1 [inline]\n  __refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:366 [inline]\n  refcount_inc include/linux/refcount.h:383 [inline]\n  sock_hold include/net/sock.h:816 [inline]\n  mptcp_schedule_work+0x164/0x1a0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:943\n  mptcp_tout_timer+0x21/0xa0 net/mptcp/protocol.c:2316\n  call_timer_fn+0x17e/0x5f0 kernel/time/timer.c:1747\n  expire_timers kernel/time/timer.c:1798 [inline]\n  __run_timers kernel/time/timer.c:2372 [inline]\n  __run_timer_base+0x648/0x970 kernel/time/timer.c:2384\n  run_timer_base kernel/time/timer.c:2393 [inline]\n  run_timer_softirq+0xb7/0x180 kernel/time/timer.c:2403\n  handle_softirqs+0x22f/0x710 kernel/softirq.c:622\n  __do_softirq kernel/softirq.c:656 [inline]\n  run_ktimerd+0xcf/0x190 kernel/softirq.c:1138\n  smpboot_thread_fn+0x542/0xa60 kernel/smpboot.c:160\n  kthread+0x711/0x8a0 kernel/kthread.c:463\n  ret_from_fork+0x4bc/0x870 arch/x86/kernel/process.c:158\n  ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:245"
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            "baseSeverity": "CRITICAL",
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              "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable function is reached directly from the packet receive path (`tcp_input.c` \u2192 `mptcp_incoming_options()` on received MP_FASTCLOSE and DATA_FIN options) and from the mp_fail/close timeouts armed by remote peer behaviour such as a bad DSS checksum or subflow reset. A remote MPTCP peer drives the connection state machine that schedules the work, making this reachable over the network with no local access.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race by opening and tearing down large numbers of MPTCP connections/subflows, generating an unbounded stream of work-scheduling events (timer expiry, MP_FASTCLOSE, DATA_FIN, subflow close) that each retry the race. The window is further widened on threaded-softirq/PREEMPT_RT kernels (as in the syzbot trace, `run_ktimerd`) and under vCPU preemption in virtualized deployments, so success is achievable at will through repetition.\nPR:N - No credentials or capabilities are checked anywhere on the path; a remote peer of an MPTCP connection (or an unauthenticated client connecting to an MPTCP-enabled listener) triggers the option-parsing and timeout paths in softirq context. Locally the same code is reachable by any unprivileged user simply creating and closing `IPPROTO_MPTCP` sockets.\nUI:N - The race is triggered entirely by attacker-generated traffic and normal MPTCP connection teardown/timeout processing. No victim action of any kind is required.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel memory within the same security authority; there is no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary. This is a standard in-kernel use-after-free.\nC:H - The `struct sock` is freed while still referenced, and the freed slab object can be reallocated and read back through the still-live MPTCP socket/timer state, exposing arbitrary kernel heap contents. Use-after-free on a socket object gives an attacker control over the contents of the freed object, enabling kernel memory disclosure.\nI:H - After the premature free, `sock_hold()` performs a refcount increment write at a fixed offset into freed (and potentially reallocated) memory, and the trailing `sock_put()` can re-enter `sk_free()`/`sk_destruct` on that object, producing a double free and freelist corruption. These are established primitives for heap grooming and control-flow hijacking, i.e. full integrity loss.\nA:H - The reported symptom is a refcount underflow warning followed by use-after-free of the MPTCP socket, which readily results in an oops or panic when the freed object is dereferenced by the timer, workqueue, or destructor path. Any UAF of this kind reliably crashes the kernel, and it can be triggered repeatedly."
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