Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-362

Allowed-with-Review

Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')

Abstraction: Class · Status: Draft

The product contains a concurrent code sequence that requires temporary, exclusive access to a shared resource, but a timing window exists in which the shared resource can be modified by another code sequence operating concurrently.

3274 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-109279 (GCVE-0-2026-109279)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 16:04 – Updated: 2026-10-12 16:04
VLAI
Title
ImageMagick before 6.9.13-57 and 7.x before 7.1.2-32 Heap Buffer Overflow via Concurrent Security Policy Access
Summary
ImageMagick before 6.9.13-57 and 7.x before 7.1.2-32 lacks proper synchronization when the security policy is accessed, so simultaneous reads and writes of the policy by multiple threads trigger a race condition that causes a heap buffer over-write. An attacker able to induce concurrent security policy access can crash the application, causing a denial of service.
CWE
  • CWE-362 - Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 5683 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ImageMagick ImageMagick Affected: 7.0.0-0 , < 7.1.2-32 (custom)
Unaffected: 7.1.2-32 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
ImageMagick ImageMagick Affected: 0 , < 6.9.13-57 (custom)
Unaffected: 6.9.13-57 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-27 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-108830 (GCVE-0-2026-108830)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 11:45 – Updated: 2026-10-12 11:45 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
meetecho janus-gateway VideoRoom janus_videoroom.c race condition
Summary
A weakness has been identified in meetecho janus-gateway up to 1.4.2. This affects an unknown part of the file src/plugins/janus_videoroom.c of the component VideoRoom. This manipulation causes race condition. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The attack's complexity is rated as high. It is indicated that the exploitability is difficult. The exploit has been made available to the public and could be used for attacks. Patch name: 27c0d1af888153e818675b56a4e6267f62d57097. Applying a patch is the recommended action to fix this issue. The vendor was contacted early, responded in a very professional manner and quickly released a fixed version of the affected product.
CWE
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3796 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
meetecho janus-gateway Affected: 1.4.0
Affected: 1.4.1
Affected: 1.4.2
    cpe:2.3:a:meetecho:janus-gateway:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107276 (GCVE-0-2026-107276)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 15:36 – Updated: 2026-10-07 20:28
VLAI
Title
MISP Email OTP Race Condition Allows One-Time Password to Be Consumed by Multiple Concurrent Requests
Summary
MISP contains a race condition in the email-based one-time password (OTP) login flow. When two HTTP requests carrying the same valid OTP are submitted concurrently, both can successfully authenticate and establish a session. The root cause is that the OTP value is read from the shared store, validated, and then deleted in separate non-atomic steps, allowing a second in-flight request to read the same value before the first request's deletion takes effect. Preconditions: - The target MISP instance has email OTP login enabled. - The attacker possesses a valid, unexpired OTP (e.g., via email interception or social engineering). - The attacker can issue two HTTP POST requests in close temporal proximity. Impact: - The one-time-use guarantee of the OTP is violated; a single code can yield two authenticated sessions. - This weakens the authentication control and may facilitate unauthorized access if the OTP is shared or intercepted. Affected versions: <2.5.48
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
Supplier · CIRCL (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 15:34 UTC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 20:28 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-362 - Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization (Race Condition)
  • CWE-367 - Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
Assigner
CIRCL CNA under the ENISA root
CNA scorecard B 90/100 over 235 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
MISP MISP Affected: 0 , < 2.5.48 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:misp:misp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
GCVE extensions
bcp-05-x-01
AI-assisted vulnerability information annotation
GCVE-BCP-05-X-01
Whole record AI-generated Human-reviewed GNA-1

Draft vulnerability metadata was generated from a git-format patch using an Ollama-hosted language model. Human validation is required before publication.

ai-computer-assisted:llm-generatedai-computer-assisted:classification
Model Source Identifier
qwen3.8:27b ollama qwen3.8:27b
bcp-05-x-02
Patch-to-vulnerability generation provenance
GCVE-BCP-05-X-02
Generator
patch2vuln.py on 2026-10-07 15:34
Model
qwen3.8:27b
Input
https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/ba95e67d5.patch 810e97a648a3…
Confidence
medium
Commit Subject Patch SHA-256
ba95e67d545e fix: [login] Let only one request spend an e-mailed OTP 810e97a648a3…
Fix summary

The fix makes OTP consumption atomic by moving the deletion of the OTP from the shared store into the validation condition itself. The return value of the delete operation (1 if the key was actually removed, 0 otherwise) is now part of the success check, so only the request that successfully removes the OTP from the store is permitted to proceed with login. A session-state cleanup call was also added to remove the OTP user reference from the session.

Patch summary

In UsersController::email_otp(), the $redis->del() call was moved from after the hash_equals comparison into the if-condition as an additional conjunct. The condition now requires $redis->del('misp:otp:' . $user_id) === 1, meaning only the request whose delete actually removed the key (returning 1) can proceed to Auth->login(). A $this->Session->delete('email_otp_user') call was added before the login step to clean up session state. Net change: 6 insertions, 3 deletions in one file.

CVSS rationale

AV:N: Exploitation occurs over the network via HTTP POST. AC:H: Exploiting the race condition requires precise timing of two concurrent requests so both read the OTP before either deletes it; this is non-trivial to achieve reliably. AT:N: No data corruption or manipulation is required. PR:N: The attacker does not need prior authentication to MISP; they only need possession of a valid OTP (e.g., intercepted email). UI:N: No victim interaction beyond the initial login flow is needed. VC:N: No direct confidentiality loss of system data. VI:L: The one-time-use property of the OTP is violated, allowing a second authenticated session. VA:N: No availability impact. SC/SI:L: Limited integrity impact on the authentication process; no cross-system impact. SA:N: No impact on security authority.

Weakness rationale
  • CWE-362 The OTP stored in Redis is a shared resource accessed by concurrent HTTP requests. The original code performed read, compare, and delete as separate non-atomic operations, allowing two concurrent requests to both read and validate the same OTP before either deletes it. This is a textbook race condition on a shared resource.
  • CWE-367 The check (reading and comparing the OTP) and the use (logging in) are separated in time, and the state (OTP presence in the store) can change between the two steps due to a concurrent request. This is a TOCTOU variant of the race condition.
Attack pattern rationale
  • CAPEC-111 The attack pattern involves an adversary issuing two or more concurrent requests to exploit a non-atomic check-and-use sequence on a shared resource (the OTP in Redis). CAPEC-111 directly describes exploiting timing dependencies between sub-processes. This is the closest CAPEC to the observed vulnerability; no more specific CAPEC for OTP replay via race condition exists in the CAPEC catalog.
Assumptions to verify
  • The exact affected version range is not explicitly stated in the patch; the tag boundary v2.5.48 with 39 commits after the fix suggests the fix landed shortly after that tag, but the precise first-fixed version is unconfirmed.
  • The CAPEC-111 mapping is the closest available; no CAPEC specifically covers OTP replay via race condition, so this is the best-fit pattern.
  • CVSS AC:H assumes the race window is narrow and requires precise timing; if the Redis round-trip latency is large, exploitation may be easier, but no evidence supports lowering AC.
  • The commit message states the issue was 'found during the internal review, not externally reported,' but no specific individual is named as finder, so no finder credit is assigned.
  • PR:N assumes the attacker obtains the OTP through out-of-band means (email interception); if MISP requires prior authentication to request an OTP, PR could be L.
Model comparison

Selected qwen3.8:27b by deterministic-consensus-v1
The selected result is closest to model consensus; this heuristic does not establish factual correctness and human review remains required.

Model Score Agreement Confidence Assumptions
qwen3.8:27b 7 11 medium 5
bcp-05-x-03
Vulnerability handling and disclosure timeline
GCVE-BCP-05-X-03
  1. 2026-09-23 14:26 UTC Fix developed Corrective change authored (ba95e67d545efa313435ae39dd481879d72e72e6): fix: [login] Let only one request spend an e-mailed OTP https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/ba95e67d5.patch
Show details on NVD website

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              "value": "\u003cp\u003eMISP contains a race condition in the email-based one-time password (OTP) login flow. When two HTTP requests carrying the same valid OTP are submitted concurrently, both can successfully authenticate and establish a session. The root cause is that the OTP value is read from the shared store, validated, and then deleted in separate non-atomic steps, allowing a second in-flight request to read the same value before the first request\u0027s deletion takes effect.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreconditions:\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- The target MISP instance has email OTP login enabled.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- The attacker possesses a valid, unexpired OTP (e.g., via email interception or social engineering).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- The attacker can issue two HTTP POST requests in close temporal proximity.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eImpact:\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- The one-time-use guarantee of the OTP is violated; a single code can yield two authenticated sessions.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e- This weakens the authentication control and may facilitate unauthorized access if the OTP is shared or intercepted.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAffected versions: \u0026lt;2.5.48\u003c/p\u003e"
            }
          ],
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      ],
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              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe fix makes OTP consumption atomic by moving the deletion of the OTP from the shared store into the validation condition itself. The return value of the delete operation (1 if the key was actually removed, 0 otherwise) is now part of the success check, so only the request that successfully removes the OTP from the store is permitted to proceed with login. A session-state cleanup call was also added to remove the OTP user reference from the session.\u003c/p\u003e"
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          "value": "The fix makes OTP consumption atomic by moving the deletion of the OTP from the shared store into the validation condition itself. The return value of the delete operation (1 if the key was actually removed, 0 otherwise) is now part of the success check, so only the request that successfully removes the OTP from the store is permitted to proceed with login. A session-state cleanup call was also added to remove the OTP user reference from the session."
        }
      ],
      "title": "MISP Email OTP Race Condition Allows One-Time Password to Be Consumed by Multiple Concurrent Requests",
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        {
          "extensions": {
            "bcp-05-x-01": {
              "ai_annotations": [
                {
                  "ai_level": "generated",
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                  "The CAPEC-111 mapping is the closest available; no CAPEC specifically covers OTP replay via race condition, so this is the best-fit pattern.",
                  "CVSS AC:H assumes the race window is narrow and requires precise timing; if the Redis round-trip latency is large, exploitation may be easier, but no evidence supports lowering AC.",
                  "The commit message states the issue was \u0027found during the internal review, not externally reported,\u0027 but no specific individual is named as finder, so no finder credit is assigned.",
                  "PR:N assumes the attacker obtains the OTP through out-of-band means (email interception); if MISP requires prior authentication to request an OTP, PR could be L."
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                "fixSummary": "The fix makes OTP consumption atomic by moving the deletion of the OTP from the shared store into the validation condition itself. The return value of the delete operation (1 if the key was actually removed, 0 otherwise) is now part of the success check, so only the request that successfully removes the OTP from the store is permitted to proceed with login. A session-state cleanup call was also added to remove the OTP user reference from the session.",
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                "patchSha256": "810e97a648a36f87d684f509c51c93636711a31daeab31c5bccbc9466249a7e0",
                "patchSummary": "In UsersController::email_otp(), the $redis-\u003edel() call was moved from after the hash_equals comparison into the if-condition as an additional conjunct. The condition now requires $redis-\u003edel(\u0027misp:otp:\u0027 . $user_id) === 1, meaning only the request whose delete actually removed the key (returning 1) can proceed to Auth-\u003elogin(). A $this-\u003eSession-\u003edelete(\u0027email_otp_user\u0027) call was added before the login step to clean up session state. Net change: 6 insertions, 3 deletions in one file.",
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                    "sourceUrl": "https://github.com/MISP/MISP/commit/ba95e67d5.patch",
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CVE-2026-106500 (GCVE-0-2026-106500)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-06 21:29 – Updated: 2026-10-07 15:48
VLAI
Title
Backstage: Improper task state validation in Scaffolder backend
Summary
Backstage is an open framework for building developer portals. Prior to 3.3.1, 3.4.1, 4.0.3 and 4.1.0, the @backstage/plugin-scaffolder-backend package is affected by improper task state validation in scaffolder backend. An authenticated user with permission to create and access Scaffolder tasks may, under specific timing and deployment conditions, affect files accessible to the Backstage backend. If backend application files are writable, the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the backend may be compromised. This issue is fixed in versions 3.3.1, 3.4.1, 4.0.3 and 4.1.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 15:47 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-59 - Improper Link Resolution Before File Access ('Link Following')
  • CWE-362 - Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7553 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
backstage backstage Affected: < 1.49.6
Affected: >= 1.50.0-next.0, < 1.50.5
Affected: >= 1.51.0-next.0, < 1.54.6
Create a notification for this product.
@backstage plugin-scaffolder-backend Affected: < 3.3.1
Affected: >= 3.4.0, < 3.4.1
Affected: >= 4.0.0, < 4.0.3
Affected: >= 4.0.4, < 4.1.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-105773 (GCVE-0-2026-105773)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-05 20:38 – Updated: 2026-10-05 20:38
VLAI
Title
Canimaan Software ClamXAV local privilege escalation
Summary
Canimaan Software ClamXAV versions 3.3 - 3.11 contains a local privilege escalation vulnerability in the Privileged Helper Tool caused by a race condition and insufficient file validation, allowing a local attacker to execute arbitrary code with system privileges. Fixed in 3.11.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · cisa-cg (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-02 16:39 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-362 - Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Assigner
cisa-cg CNA under the CISA root
CNA scorecard B 76/100 over 127 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Canimaan Software ClamXAV Affected: 3.3 , < 3.11.1 (custom)
Unaffected: 3.11.1
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-24 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-105163 (GCVE-0-2026-105163)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-04 21:30 – Updated: 2026-10-05 15:11 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
crossplane crossplane-runtime ImageConfig client.go Get toctou
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in crossplane crossplane-runtime up to 2.2.2/2.3.2. This vulnerability affects the function Get of the file pkg/xpkg/client.go of the component ImageConfig. The manipulation results in time-of-check time-of-use. The attack may be launched remotely. Upgrading to version 2.2.3, 2.3.3 and 2.4.0-rc.1 is able to resolve this issue. The patch is identified as bee99c6cd6ca81878acca2940a2f0a02169fc208. You should upgrade the affected component.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-05 15:10 UTC
CWE
Assigner
VulDB CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 3796 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
crossplane crossplane-runtime Affected: 2.2.0
Affected: 2.2.1
Affected: 2.2.2
Affected: 2.3.0
Affected: 2.3.1
Affected: 2.3.2
Unaffected: 2.2.3
Unaffected: 2.3.3
Unaffected: 2.4.0-rc.1
    cpe:2.3:a:crossplane:crossplane-runtime:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-105140 (GCVE-0-2026-105140)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-07 12:18 – Updated: 2026-10-07 20:47
VLAI
Title
Obot 0.25.0 before 0.25.6 and 0.26.0 before 0.26.1 Race Condition Restores Revoked Group Membership
Summary
Obot 0.25.0 before 0.25.6 and 0.26.0 before 0.26.1 contains a race condition in auth provider group refreshes that can restore group memberships just revoked in the identity provider. When overlapping refreshes for the same user commit out of order, stale memberships are persisted and the user retains revoked group-based access for about ten minutes.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-07 20:47 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-362 - Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 5683 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
obot-platform obot Affected: 0.25.0 , < 0.25.6 (semver)
Affected: 0.26.0 , < 0.26.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-17 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-105112 (GCVE-0-2026-105112)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-03 12:14 – Updated: 2026-10-05 15:57
VLAI
Title
Nezha 1.8.0 before 2.3.13 Deadlock DoS via notification-group endpoints
Summary
Nezha from 1.8.0 before 2.3.13 contains a lock-order inversion in UpdateGroup and DeleteGroup that allows authenticated non-admin users to deadlock the alerting subsystem. Attackers can concurrently call the notification-group and batch-delete endpoints with oversized id lists to widen the race and close an ABBA cycle, permanently killing alert delivery until restart.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-05 15:56 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-362 - Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 5683 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
nezhahq nezha Affected: 1.8.0 , < 2.3.13 (semver)
Unaffected: 2.3.13 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-19 00:00
Credits
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-104970 (GCVE-0-2026-104970)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-05 16:58 – Updated: 2026-10-06 14:53
VLAI
Title
Plane: InstanceAdminSignUpEndpoint TOCTOU race allows two concurrent unauthenticated callers to both bootstrap as Plane instance admins
Summary
Plane is an open-source project management tool. From 0.13 until 1.4.0, InstanceAdminSignUpEndpoint in apps/api/plane/license/api/views/admin.py:89-117, 173-229 uses InstanceAdmin.objects.first() for the first-admin check and performs account creation without an atomic transaction, row lock, uniqueness guard, or advisory lock. Two concurrent unauthenticated requests with different email addresses can both observe that no instance administrator exists, create separate User and InstanceAdmin rows, and receive sessions with instance-admin authority. This allows an attacker to share unrestricted instance administration with the legitimate operator. This issue is fixed in 1.4.0.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-06 14:36 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-362 - Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7553 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
makeplane plane Affected: < 1.4.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-104855 (GCVE-0-2026-104855)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-02 17:37 – Updated: 2026-10-06 16:38
VLAI
Title
Wasmtime: Preemption and traps during bulk operations enable breaking internal VM state
Summary
Wasmtime is a runtime for WebAssembly. From 46.0.0 until 46.0.2 and 47.0.3, fuel and epoch preemption checks inside bulk operations including memory.copy, table.grow, and array.copy can expose invalid intermediate state when an embedder mutates a Store in Store::epoch_deadline_callback or continues using a Store after cancellation or a trap. A cancelled non-nullable table growth can leave null elements, linear-memory growth during memory.copy can invalidate retained raw pointers, and callback-triggered garbage collection during array.copy can invalidate GC pointers, resulting in a crash, invalid memory access, or GC heap corruption. Embeddings whose callbacks only access the host data in Store<T>, and embeddings that discard a Store after timeout or epoch deadline, are not affected. This issue is fixed in versions 46.0.2 and 47.0.3.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-06 16:38 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-362 - Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7553 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
bytecodealliance wasmtime Affected: >= 46.0.0, < 46.0.2
Affected: >= 47.0.0, < 47.0.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

In languages that support it, use synchronization primitives. Only wrap these around critical code to minimize the impact on performance.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use thread-safe capabilities such as the data access abstraction in Spring.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Minimize the usage of shared resources in order to remove as much complexity as possible from the control flow and to reduce the likelihood of unexpected conditions occurring.
  • Additionally, this will minimize the amount of synchronization necessary and may even help to reduce the likelihood of a denial of service where an attacker may be able to repeatedly trigger a critical section (CWE-400).
Mitigation
Implementation

When using multithreading and operating on shared variables, only use thread-safe functions.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use atomic operations on shared variables. Be wary of innocent-looking constructs such as "x++". This may appear atomic at the code layer, but it is actually non-atomic at the instruction layer, since it involves a read, followed by a computation, followed by a write.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use a mutex if available, but be sure to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-412.

Mitigation
Implementation

Avoid double-checked locking (CWE-609) and other implementation errors that arise when trying to avoid the overhead of synchronization.

Mitigation
Implementation

Disable interrupts or signals over critical parts of the code, but also make sure that the code does not go into a large or infinite loop.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use the volatile type modifier for critical variables to avoid unexpected compiler optimization or reordering. This does not necessarily solve the synchronization problem, but it can help.

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

CAPEC-26: Leveraging Race Conditions

The adversary targets a race condition occurring when multiple processes access and manipulate the same resource concurrently, and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place. The adversary can leverage a race condition by "running the race", modifying the resource and modifying the normal execution flow. For instance, a race condition can occur while accessing a file: the adversary can trick the system by replacing the original file with their version and cause the system to read the malicious file.

CAPEC-29: Leveraging Time-of-Check and Time-of-Use (TOCTOU) Race Conditions

This attack targets a race condition occurring between the time of check (state) for a resource and the time of use of a resource. A typical example is file access. The adversary can leverage a file access race condition by "running the race", meaning that they would modify the resource between the first time the target program accesses the file and the time the target program uses the file. During that period of time, the adversary could replace or modify the file, causing the application to behave unexpectedly.