CVE-2026-49293 (GCVE-0-2026-49293)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-19 18:14 – Updated: 2026-06-22 14:10
VLAI
Title
CPU exhaustion via O(n^2) BigInt construction on radix-prefixed integer literals
Summary
js-toml is a TOML parser for JavaScript, fully compliant with the TOML 1.0.0 Spec. Versions up to and including 1.1.0 parse hexadecimal / octal / binary integer literals via a hand-written `parseBigInt` loop that multiplies a `BigInt` accumulator by the radix once per input digit. Each iteration performs a `BigInt * BigInt` operation on an accumulator that grows linearly with the number of digits already consumed, so the whole loop is O(n²) in the literal length. The lexer regex places no upper bound on the literal length, so a single TOML document containing one ~500 kB hex literal pins one CPU core for ~40 seconds on a modern laptop (Apple M-series, Node v22). Memory amplification is bounded but CPU amplification is severe and grows quadratically: doubling the literal length quadruples the work. A caller that invokes `load()` on attacker-controlled TOML (configuration upload endpoints, CI/CD systems ingesting third-party `*.toml`, IDE plugins, build tools) is exposed to a single-request CPU exhaustion DoS. Version 1.1.1 fixes the issue.
Severity
7.5 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-400 - Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
  • CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
sunnyadn js-toml Affected: < 1.1.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-49293",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-06-22T14:09:42.727540Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-06-22T14:10:09.458Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/security/advisories/GHSA-wp3c-266w-4qfq"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "js-toml",
          "vendor": "sunnyadn",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.1.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "js-toml is a TOML parser for JavaScript, fully compliant with the TOML 1.0.0 Spec. Versions up to and including 1.1.0 parse hexadecimal / octal / binary integer literals via a hand-written `parseBigInt` loop that multiplies a `BigInt` accumulator by the radix once per input digit. Each iteration performs a `BigInt * BigInt` operation on an accumulator that grows linearly with the number of digits already consumed, so the whole loop is O(n\u00b2) in the literal length. The lexer regex places no upper bound on the literal length, so a single TOML document containing one ~500 kB hex literal pins one CPU core for ~40 seconds on a modern laptop (Apple M-series, Node v22). Memory amplification is bounded but CPU amplification is severe and grows quadratically: doubling the literal length quadruples the work. A caller that invokes `load()` on attacker-controlled TOML (configuration upload endpoints, CI/CD systems ingesting third-party `*.toml`, IDE plugins, build tools) is exposed to a single-request CPU exhaustion DoS. Version 1.1.1 fixes the issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
            "baseScore": 7.5,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-400",
              "description": "CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-407",
              "description": "CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-1333",
              "description": "CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-06-19T18:14:20.150Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/security/advisories/GHSA-wp3c-266w-4qfq",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/security/advisories/GHSA-wp3c-266w-4qfq"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/commit/1abcb31dc7b1fa88e4c848a8d108891cfbb96fa2",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/commit/1abcb31dc7b1fa88e4c848a8d108891cfbb96fa2"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/releases/tag/v1.1.1",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/releases/tag/v1.1.1"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-wp3c-266w-4qfq",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "CPU exhaustion via O(n^2) BigInt construction on radix-prefixed integer literals"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-49293",
    "datePublished": "2026-06-19T18:14:20.150Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-05-28T20:07:58.862Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-06-22T14:10:09.458Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-49293",
      "date": "2026-06-26",
      "epss": "0.00339",
      "percentile": "0.25734"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"cna\": {\"title\": \"CPU exhaustion via O(n^2) BigInt construction on radix-prefixed integer literals\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-wp3c-266w-4qfq\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 7.5, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"HIGH\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"sunnyadn\", \"product\": \"js-toml\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c 1.1.1\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/security/advisories/GHSA-wp3c-266w-4qfq\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/security/advisories/GHSA-wp3c-266w-4qfq\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/commit/1abcb31dc7b1fa88e4c848a8d108891cfbb96fa2\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/commit/1abcb31dc7b1fa88e4c848a8d108891cfbb96fa2\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/releases/tag/v1.1.1\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/releases/tag/v1.1.1\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"js-toml is a TOML parser for JavaScript, fully compliant with the TOML 1.0.0 Spec. Versions up to and including 1.1.0 parse hexadecimal / octal / binary integer literals via a hand-written `parseBigInt` loop that multiplies a `BigInt` accumulator by the radix once per input digit. Each iteration performs a `BigInt * BigInt` operation on an accumulator that grows linearly with the number of digits already consumed, so the whole loop is O(n\\u00b2) in the literal length. The lexer regex places no upper bound on the literal length, so a single TOML document containing one ~500 kB hex literal pins one CPU core for ~40 seconds on a modern laptop (Apple M-series, Node v22). Memory amplification is bounded but CPU amplification is severe and grows quadratically: doubling the literal length quadruples the work. A caller that invokes `load()` on attacker-controlled TOML (configuration upload endpoints, CI/CD systems ingesting third-party `*.toml`, IDE plugins, build tools) is exposed to a single-request CPU exhaustion DoS. Version 1.1.1 fixes the issue.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-400\", \"description\": \"CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-407\", \"description\": \"CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-1333\", \"description\": \"CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-19T18:14:20.150Z\"}}, \"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-49293\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"poc\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"yes\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-06-22T14:09:42.727540Z\"}}}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/sunnyadn/js-toml/security/advisories/GHSA-wp3c-266w-4qfq\", \"tags\": [\"exploit\"]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-22T14:10:04.966Z\"}}]}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-49293\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-19T18:14:20.150Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-05-28T20:07:58.862Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-06-19T18:14:20.150Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.





Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.