Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-407

Allowed-with-Review

Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

An algorithm in a product has an inefficient worst-case computational complexity that may be detrimental to system performance and can be triggered by an attacker, typically using crafted manipulations that ensure that the worst case is being reached.

405 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-109348 (GCVE-0-2026-109348)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-12 16:05 – Updated: 2026-10-12 16:05
VLAI
Title
Gitoxide gix-mailmap before 0.35.0 CPU Denial of Service via .mailmap Parsing
Summary
Gitoxide gix-mailmap before 0.35.0 contains a denial of service vulnerability that allows attackers to exhaust CPU through quadratic-time parsing in Snapshot::from_bytes. Attackers can commit a crafted .mailmap with descending-ordered entries forcing repeated front inserts, blocking workers running log, blame, or shortlog for minutes.
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
VulnCheck CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard B 84/100 over 5683 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GitoxideLabs gix-mailmap Affected: 0 , < 0.35.0 (semver)
Unaffected: 0.35.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-09-25 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107583 (GCVE-0-2026-107583)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 11:49 – Updated: 2026-10-08 14:14
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Summary
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in the webmail's message view of the REST API in Progressive Robot hMailServer 6.3.2 through 6.3.5 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to make the webmail, the administration console and the REST API unavailable by sending a message. The route that renders a received message's HTML replaced each reference to an embedded image in place, with work that grew with the square of the number of references, and wrote the image out for every reference while counting it against its size limit only once. A message whose HTML refers to one small embedded image a very large number of times, opened in the webmail by its recipient, therefore keeps one of the listener's four worker threads busy for minutes and makes it build a document of gigabytes, so that a few such messages leave the HTTP listener unable to answer anybody.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 14:13 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
GitLab CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 75/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Progressive Robot Ltd hMailServer Affected: 6.3.2 , < 6.3.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107582 (GCVE-0-2026-107582)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 11:48 – Updated: 2026-10-08 14:18
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Summary
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in the REST API (6.3.3 through 6.3.5) and the IMAP PREVIEW response (6.2.22 through 6.3.5) of Progressive Robot hMailServer allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to make the webmail, the administration console and the REST API unavailable by sending a message. To show a snippet of each message in a folder's message list, the server decoded the character entity references of a message that has an HTML part and no text part with a string replacement whose work grew with the square of their number. A received HTML-only message holding a very large number of entity references therefore keeps one of the listener's four worker threads busy for minutes or longer each time the recipient's webmail lists the folder, without the message being opened, so that a few such listings leave the HTTP listener unable to answer anybody. The IMAP PREVIEW response read such text the same way, holding an IMAP thread for each client that asks for the preview of such a message. The flaw is in the server's shared string class, whose replace and remove both ran in quadratic time.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 14:18 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
GitLab CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 75/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Progressive Robot Ltd hMailServer Affected: 6.2.22-pre1 , < 6.3.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107581 (GCVE-0-2026-107581)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 11:47 – Updated: 2026-10-08 14:19
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Summary
Progressive Robot hMailServer 6.0.0 through 6.3.5 processes several IMAP commands from a signed-in account in time quadratic in the command's length or in the number of elements it names, and can be made to hold memory out of proportion to a command. The FETCH data-item parser normalised a BODY[] section with a case-insensitive string replacement that copied the whole item per occurrence and split the item list by repeatedly copying the remainder of the command; the server's case-insensitive search compared a needle afresh at every position, so a long SEARCH TEXT key over a message cost the product of the two lengths; SEARCH message sets and the saved-result marker ($), SORT criteria, HEADER.FIELDS name lists and UID ranges were each read once per message rather than once per command; and a FETCH naming a message's sections very many times read and held every section in memory before sending any. An IMAP command may continue past one line through non-synchronizing literals, so one command can reach about eleven megabytes. The IMAP worker threads are a small pool shared with SMTP and POP3, so a signed-in user sending such commands can make the IMAP, SMTP and POP3 services stop responding (CWE-407) and can consume excessive memory (CWE-400).
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 14:18 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
GitLab CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 75/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Progressive Robot Ltd hMailServer Affected: 6.0.0 , < 6.3.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107580 (GCVE-0-2026-107580)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 11:47 – Updated: 2026-10-08 14:20
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Summary
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in the decoding of message header fields in Progressive Robot hMailServer 6.0.0 through 6.3.5 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to make the IMAP, SMTP and POP3 services, or the webmail, unavailable by sending a message. The server unfolded a decoded header value by finding each line break from the end of the value and removing it, moving the rest of the value each time, so its work grew with the square of the number of line breaks, and an RFC 2047 encoded word may decode to any number of them. A received message whose Subject or other header field holds such a value keeps a worker thread busy for minutes or longer each time the value is read: when the recipient's IMAP client searches, sorts or threads the folder by a header, when the webmail lists the folder, and, where configured, when a rule tests a header, a spam tag is added to the Subject or an abuse report is read during delivery. The IMAP worker threads are shared with SMTP and POP3, so a few such messages stop those services responding. The server's reading of a message header from its file also searched everything read so far after each 4,000 bytes, costing seconds for a header of tens of megabytes.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 14:20 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
GitLab CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 75/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Progressive Robot Ltd hMailServer Affected: 6.0.0 , < 6.3.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107579 (GCVE-0-2026-107579)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 11:47 – Updated: 2026-10-08 14:18
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Summary
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in the bounce and complaint processing of Progressive Robot hMailServer 6.3.4 and 6.3.5 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to stop mail delivery by sending messages, when bounce processing or complaint processing is enabled or a mailing list is managed by the server (none is by default). The readers of incoming delivery status notifications (RFC 3464) and abuse feedback reports (RFC 5965) removed the blank lines at the start of the returned headers part two bytes at a time, copying the rest of the part each time, so their work grew with the square of the number of blank lines. A message shaped like such a report, whose headers part begins with a very large number of blank lines within the reader's 2 MB limit, keeps a delivery thread busy for over a minute while it is delivered, and a few such messages a minute keep every delivery thread busy.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 14:18 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
GitLab CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 75/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Progressive Robot Ltd hMailServer Affected: 6.3.4 , < 6.3.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107576 (GCVE-0-2026-107576)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 11:46 – Updated: 2026-10-08 14:15
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Summary
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in the inbound DKIM and ARC signature verification of Progressive Robot hMailServer 6.0.0 through 6.3.5 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to make the mail services unavailable by sending a message. Building the canonical header and choosing the header fields named in a signature's h= tag took time growing with the square of the message's header: the 'simple' canonicalisation prepended each continuation line of a folded field to the lines already gathered, and both canonicalisations searched the gathered fields from the bottom for each h= name and erased the match from the middle of the list. A message whose header holds very many fields, or a field folded over very many lines, with a DKIM-Signature the attacker signs for a domain they control, keeps a worker thread busy for tens of seconds per signature; up to ten signatures are evaluated per message by each of the DKIM and DMARC tests, on the threads that serve delivery and SMTP.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 14:14 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
GitLab CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 75/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Progressive Robot Ltd hMailServer Affected: 6.0.0 , < 6.3.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107575 (GCVE-0-2026-107575)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 11:46 – Updated: 2026-10-08 14:17
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Summary
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in the SPF macro expansion of Progressive Robot hMailServer 6.3.4 and 6.3.5 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to consume worker-thread time by publishing a crafted SPF record. RFC 7208 section 7.1 requires a name too long to look up to lose whole labels from the left; the server did this by removing one label at a time and copying the rest of the name each time, so the work grew with the square of the expansion. An attacker who publishes an SPF record for a domain they control, with a mechanism whose domain-spec expands through macros to a name far longer than 253 characters, makes the SPF check of a message from that domain take several seconds. The expansion is bounded by SPF's own per-term and per-macro limits, so the loss of availability is partial.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 14:16 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
GitLab CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 75/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Progressive Robot Ltd hMailServer Affected: 6.3.4 , < 6.3.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107574 (GCVE-0-2026-107574)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 11:46 – Updated: 2026-10-08 14:15
VLAI
Title
Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity in hMailServer
Summary
Inefficient algorithmic complexity in the JSON reader of Progressive Robot hMailServer allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to make the mail services unavailable. Reading a JSON object kept the first of each duplicated member name by searching the members already read, so an object of N distinct member names cost O(N^2): 1 MB took 8.9 seconds and 4 MB took 300 seconds against the affected code. A remote attacker reaches the reader without an account by mailing a crafted TLS-RPT report (up to 16 MB after decompression) to a hosted domain's published report mailbox, which is read on a delivery thread; a few such reports hold every delivery thread (ten by default), so the server delivers no mail, local or outbound, for over an hour per report. A signed-in account reaches the same 16 MB body through the webmail's own REST routes, holding the REST API's own worker threads. Where no report mailbox is configured, the unauthenticated REST sign-in routes that read a JSON body are capped at 64 KB and are not affected.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 14:15 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
GitLab CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 75/100 over 288 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Progressive Robot Ltd hMailServer Affected: 6.2.28 , < 6.3.6 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-107378 (GCVE-0-2026-107378)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-10-08 17:59 – Updated: 2026-10-08 18:31
VLAI
Title
CairoSVG: Quadratic-time DoS parsing a crafted SVG <path>
Summary
CairoSVG is an SVG converter based on Cairo, a 2D graphics library. Prior to 2.9.1, rendering an attacker-controlled SVG with a path containing many segments can cause quadratic CPU consumption in cairosvg/path.py. The path tokenizer repeatedly slices and rescans the remaining path data, while draw_markers drains node.vertices with node.vertices.pop(0), causing repeated linear-time work. The svg2png, svg2pdf, and svg2ps APIs reach these operations during ordinary rendering, allowing a sub-megabyte SVG to consume substantial CPU and deny service to a rendering application. This issue is fixed in version 2.9.1.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-10-08 18:31 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-407 - Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7553 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Kozea CairoSVG Affected: < 2.9.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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No mitigation information available for this CWE.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.