Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-1333
AllowedInefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product uses a regular expression with a worst-case computational complexity that is inefficient and possibly exponential.
777 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-77082 (GCVE-0-2026-77082)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 11:21 – Updated: 2026-08-21 16:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
n8n before 1.123.69 ReDoS via Filter and Switch Node
Summary
n8n before 1.123.69, 2.x before 2.33.4, and 2.34.x before 2.34.1 contains a regular expression denial of service (ReDoS) vulnerability in the Filter and Switch nodes, which compile user-supplied regex patterns with new RegExp() and execute them synchronously on the worker thread without complexity validation or execution timeout. A crafted regex pattern can block the worker for an extended period per data item processed, delaying other workflow executions on the same worker.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 16:42 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories… | vendor-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-r… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-05 00:00
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CVE-2026-74039 (GCVE-0-2026-74039)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-18 17:26 – Updated: 2026-08-18 18:45
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Wazuh 4.0.0 < 4.14.7 API DoS via Deeply Nested JSON auth_context
Summary
Wazuh 4.0.0 before 4.14.7 and 5.0.0-beta2 contain a denial of service vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers with allow_run_as enabled to exhaust CPU resources by submitting arbitrarily deeply nested JSON structures to the POST /security/user/authenticate/run_as endpoint. Attackers can repeatedly submit malformed auth_context bodies with unlimited nesting depth to cause the API framework to consume excessive CPU, denying service to all other API consumers.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-18 18:45 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisorie… | vendor-advisory |
| https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/pull/37034 | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/wazuh-api-do… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wazuh | wazuh-manager |
Affected:
4.0.0 , < 4.14.7
(semver)
Affected: 5.0.0-beta2 (semver) |
Date Public
2026-08-18 00:00
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CVE-2026-73556 (GCVE-0-2026-73556)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-13 14:56 – Updated: 2026-08-14 16:52
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
vLLM: ReDoS via structured_outputs.regex in the lm-format-enforcer backend (no compile timeout) — missed sibling of CVE-2026-55574
Summary
vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models. Prior to 0.26.0, the structured_outputs.regex parameter in vllm/v1/structured_output/backend_lm_format_enforcer.py is passed to lmformatenforcer.RegexParser without compile_regex_with_timeout or validation in validate_structured_output_request_lm_format_enforcer, allowing an unauthenticated /v1/completions request against the lm-format-enforcer backend to consume a CPU core and stall the structured-output engine path with a catastrophic regular expression. This issue is fixed in version 0.26.0.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-14 16:52 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/47595 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/commit/c9a78… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| vllm-project | vllm |
Affected:
< 0.26.0
|
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CVE-2026-72912 (GCVE-0-2026-72912)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-10 21:02 – Updated: 2026-08-12 22:14
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CyberChef’s pretty-recipe parser vulnerable to client-side ReDoS / CPU exhaustion when parsing a malformed #recipe= URL
Summary
CyberChef is a web app for encryption, encoding, compression, and data analysis. Prior to 11.3.0, CyberChef's pretty-recipe parser in src/core/Utils.mjs can exhaust client-side CPU when a malformed #recipe= URL fragment containing a large number of unmatched quote characters reaches Utils.parseRecipeConfig(). The function synchronously applies a complex global regular expression that may perform heavy backtracking before rejecting the input, causing the victim's browser tab to freeze during startup for seconds or longer. No code execution, data exfiltration, or privilege escalation occurs. This issue is fixed in version 11.3.0.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-12 22:08 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/gchq/CyberChef/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/gchq/CyberChef/pull/2687 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/gchq/CyberChef/commit/f77ddf48… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/gchq/CyberChef/releases/tag/v11.3.0 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-72818 (GCVE-0-2026-72818)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 21:57 – Updated: 2026-08-21 11:20
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
NLTK TweetTokenizer URL Pattern Backtracks Catastrophically on Naked-Domain-Like Input
Summary
The URLS regular expression in nltk/tokenize/casual.py, compiled into TweetTokenizer.WORD_RE and applied by TweetTokenizer.tokenize, contains a naked-domain branch whose domain-label prefix [a-z0-9]+(?:[.\-][a-z0-9]+)* is unbounded. Input consisting of many alternating label separators can be partitioned in exponentially many ways, and because the branch also requires a trailing top-level domain that such input never supplies, the engine explores those partitions before failing at each offset. A few kilobytes of input therefore consumes seconds to minutes of single-threaded CPU, and the HANG_RE substitution performed before matching does not collapse the pattern. TweetTokenizer is intended for tokenizing untrusted social-media text, so any service that applies it, or the module-level casual_tokenize, to submitted text can be stalled per request without authentication. Version 3.10.1 bounds the label repetition.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 11:05 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk/issues/3704 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk/blob/3.9.4/nltk/toke… | technical-description |
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk/releases/tag/v3.10.1 | release-notes |
| https://github.com/nltk/nltk | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nltk-tweetto… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nltk | nltk |
Affected:
0 , < 3.10.1
(semver)
Unaffected: 3.10.1 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.9.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.9.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.9.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.9:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.9:beta1:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.8:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.6.5:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.6.6:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:nltk:nltk:3.6.7:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2026-07-12 00:00
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CVE-2026-71190 (GCVE-0-2026-71190)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-05 04:54 – Updated: 2026-08-06 13:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In OpenStack Swift through 2.38.0, the proxy server Accept header parser contains a regular expression vulnerable to catastrophic backtracking (ReDoS). The "qdtext" pattern (?:[^"]|\\.)* allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to send a crafted Accept header that causes exponential CPU consumption in the proxy worker. A payload of 32 backslash-character pairs exceeds 30 seconds of CPU time. No authentication is required. Repeated requests can exhaust all proxy worker threads, resulting in a complete denial of service.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-06 13:02 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://launchpad.net/bugs/2158771 | issue-tracking |
| https://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/07/28/27 | vendor-advisorymailing-list |
| https://security.openstack.org/ossa/OSSA-2026-031.html | vendor-advisory |
| http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2026/0… |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| OpenStack | Swift |
Affected:
1.9.1 , < 2.35.4
(semver)
Affected: 2.36.0 , < 2.36.3 (semver) Affected: 2.37.0 , < 2.37.3 (semver) Affected: 2.38.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:openstack:swift:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:openstack:swift:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:openstack:swift:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* cpe:2.3:a:openstack:swift:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
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CVE-2026-70656 (GCVE-0-2026-70656)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 17:59 – Updated: 2026-08-21 18:07
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Checkmate: Regular Expression Denial of Service (ReDoS) via User-Controlled Regex in Monitor Advanced Matching
Summary
Checkmate is an open-source, self-hosted tool designed to track and monitor server hardware, uptime, response times, and incidents in real-time with beautiful visualizations. From 3.5.1 until 3.9.2, an authenticated admin or superadmin can set matchMethod to regex and place a malicious expression in the expectedValue field for advanced HTTP monitor matching. server/src/api/validation/monitorValidation.ts accepts the expression, and server/src/service/network/AdvancedMatcher.ts synchronously evaluates it against an attacker-controlled HTTP response body on the Node.js main event loop without a timeout or worker isolation, allowing catastrophic backtracking to freeze API endpoints, monitor checks, and WebSocket connections for all users. This issue is fixed in version 3.9.2.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-21 18:06 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/bluewave-labs/Checkmate/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/bluewave-labs/Checkmate/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/bluewave-labs/Checkmate/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/bluewave-labs/Checkmate/commit… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/bluewave-labs/Checkmate/releas… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| bluewave-labs | Checkmate |
Affected:
>= 3.5.1, < 3.9.2
|
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CVE-2026-70493 (GCVE-0-2026-70493)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-04 20:56 – Updated: 2026-08-05 14:28
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Open WebUI: Any authenticated user can stall a worker via a knowledge-search pattern that backtracks catastrophically
Summary
Open WebUI is an extensible, feature-rich, and user-friendly self-hosted AI platform. From 0.9.6 until 0.11.0, the built-in knowledge search path in backend/open_webui/tools/knowledge_fs.py and backend/open_webui/tools/builtin.py let a chat participant choose a pattern used to grep knowledge files. Patterns containing regex metacharacters were compiled with Python's backtracking re engine and run against every line of every reachable file with no time limit, so a crafted pattern such as (x|x)*y and one matching uploaded file line can pin one CPU core and block the event loop. This causes availability impact for every other user of the affected worker. This issue is fixed in 0.11.0.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-05 13:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/pull/27471 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/commit/3… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| open-webui | open-webui |
Affected:
>= 0.9.6, < 0.11.0
|
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CVE-2026-70489 (GCVE-0-2026-70489)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-04 20:42 – Updated: 2026-08-05 13:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Open WebUI: Instance-wide stall via automation recurrence rules that force multi-second parsing
Summary
Open WebUI is an extensible, feature-rich, and user-friendly self-hosted AI platform. From 0.9.0 until 0.11.0, automation recurrence parsing in backend/open_webui/utils/automations.py anchored minutely and hourly rules at a fixed date of 2000-01-01 and then walked forward one interval at a time to find the next run. A single FREQ=MINUTELY rule enumerates roughly a quarter-century of occurrences synchronously on the event loop that also serves scheduler, HTTP, and WebSocket traffic, and the scheduler recomputes the next run for every claimed row on each poll. This causes availability impact for every other user of the instance. This issue is fixed in 0.11.0.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-05 13:56 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/security… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/commit/c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/releases… | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| open-webui | open-webui |
Affected:
>= 0.9.0, < 0.11.0
|
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CVE-2026-69207 (GCVE-0-2026-69207)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-07 20:51 – Updated: 2026-08-10 13:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Hono: ReDoS in CORS middleware via Access-Control-Request-Headers
Summary
Hono is a Web application framework that provides support for any JavaScript runtime. Prior to 4.12.34, the built-in CORS middleware, hono/cors, is vulnerable to a regular expression denial of service (ReDoS). During a preflight OPTIONS request, the middleware parses the attacker-controlled Access-Control-Request-Headers header using a whitespace-tolerant regular expression whose backtracking makes its running time quadratic in the input length. Because the header value is bounded only by the deployment's maximum HTTP header size, a single preflight carrying a long run of whitespace can consume seconds of CPU and block request processing. On runtimes that share one execution thread across requests, this stalls concurrent requests as well, and repeated requests can render the service unresponsive. This affects the default configuration, since the vulnerable path is reached whenever cors() is used with an unset or empty allowHeaders. Applications that set a non-empty allowHeaders are not affected. This issue is fixed in version 4.12.34.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-08-10 13:33 UTC
CWE
- CWE-1333 - Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/honojs/hono/security/advisorie… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/honojs/hono/commit/93fc250d8b4… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/honojs/hono/releases/tag/v4.12.34 | x_refsource_MISC |
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},
{
"name": "https://github.com/honojs/hono/commit/93fc250d8b4df58ea542cb945171de8013d5e6d5",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/honojs/hono/commit/93fc250d8b4df58ea542cb945171de8013d5e6d5"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/honojs/hono/releases/tag/v4.12.34",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/honojs/hono/releases/tag/v4.12.34"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-8j4g-w8fx-2239",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Hono: ReDoS in CORS middleware via Access-Control-Request-Headers"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-69207",
"datePublished": "2026-08-07T20:51:04.300Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-08-03T16:57:50.124Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-08-10T13:33:18.783Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use regular expressions that do not support backtracking, e.g. by removing nested quantifiers.
Mitigation
System Configuration
Set backtracking limits in the configuration of the regular expression implementation, such as PHP's pcre.backtrack_limit. Also consider limits on execution time for the process.
Mitigation
Implementation
Do not use regular expressions with untrusted input. If regular expressions must be used, avoid using backtracking in the expression.
Mitigation
Implementation
Limit the length of the input that the regular expression will process.
CAPEC-492: Regular Expression Exponential Blowup
An adversary may execute an attack on a program that uses a poor Regular Expression(Regex) implementation by choosing input that results in an extreme situation for the Regex. A typical extreme situation operates at exponential time compared to the input size. This is due to most implementations using a Nondeterministic Finite Automaton(NFA) state machine to be built by the Regex algorithm since NFA allows backtracking and thus more complex regular expressions.