CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8285 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-WH6G-3G9Q-9246
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-24 15:31 – Updated: 2025-09-24 15:31NVIDIA Megatron-LM for all platforms contains a vulnerability in the pretrain_gpt script, where malicious data created by an attacker may cause a code injection issue. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-23348"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-09-24T14:15:48Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "NVIDIA Megatron-LM for all platforms contains a vulnerability in the pretrain_gpt script, where malicious data created by an attacker may cause a code injection issue. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to code execution, escalation of privileges, information disclosure, and data tampering.",
"id": "GHSA-wh6g-3g9q-9246",
"modified": "2025-09-24T15:31:14Z",
"published": "2025-09-24T15:31:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-23348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5698"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-23348"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WH7V-QCW6-MGPW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 06:20 – Updated: 2022-05-02 06:20Buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Excel 2002 SP3 and Office 2004 for Mac allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via an Excel file with a malformed HFPicture (0x866) record, aka "Excel HFPicture Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-1248"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-06-08T20:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Buffer overflow in Microsoft Office Excel 2002 SP3 and Office 2004 for Mac allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via an Excel file with a malformed HFPicture (0x866) record, aka \"Excel HFPicture Memory Corruption Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-wh7v-qcw6-mgpw",
"modified": "2022-05-02T06:20:35Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T06:20:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-1248"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2010/ms10-038"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A7223"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/65235"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/511765/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/40526"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA10-159B.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WH8F-X7RP-H62H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:55 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:55Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in sablonlar/gunaysoft/gunaysoft.php in PHPortal 1.2 Beta allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in (1) icerikyolu, (2) sayfaid, and (3) uzanti parameters.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-3022"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-07-07T17:41:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in sablonlar/gunaysoft/gunaysoft.php in PHPortal 1.2 Beta allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in (1) icerikyolu, (2) sayfaid, and (3) uzanti parameters.",
"id": "GHSA-wh8f-x7rp-h62h",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:55:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:55:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-3022"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/43569"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/3972"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/30064"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WH97-9RVP-M9HJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-09 03:30 – Updated: 2024-01-16 18:31In SAP Application Interface Framework File Adapter - version 702, a high privilege user can use a function module to traverse through various layers and execute OS commands directly. By this, such user can control the behaviour of the application. This leads to considerable impact on confidentiality, integrity and availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-21737"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-09T02:15:45Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In SAP Application Interface Framework File Adapter - version 702, a\u00a0high privilege user can use a function module to traverse through various layers and execute OS commands directly. By this,\u00a0such user can control\u00a0the behaviour of the application. This leads to considerable impact on confidentiality, integrity and availability.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-wh97-9rvp-m9hj",
"modified": "2024-01-16T18:31:08Z",
"published": "2024-01-09T03:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21737"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3411869"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sap.com/documents/2022/02/fa865ea4-167e-0010-bca6-c68f7e60039b.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WHFQ-Q5P8-VHX4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:54 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:54PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in cal_popup.php in the Anything Digital Development JCal Pro (aka com_jcalpro or JCP) component 1.5.3.6 for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the mosConfig_absolute_path parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-4431"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-12-28T19:00:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in cal_popup.php in the Anything Digital Development JCal Pro (aka com_jcalpro or JCP) component 1.5.3.6 for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the mosConfig_absolute_path parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-whfq-q5p8-vhx4",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:54:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:54:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-4431"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.org/0912-exploits/joomlajcalpro-rfi.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/37438"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-WHMQ-V94Q-34P9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 00:54 – Updated: 2024-03-05 18:26Apache Struts Showcase App 2.0.0 through 2.3.13, as used in Struts 2 before 2.3.14.3, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL code via a crafted parameter name that is not properly handled when invoking a redirect.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.struts:struts2-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.14.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-1965"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-08T19:05:59Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2013-07-10T19:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Apache Struts Showcase App 2.0.0 through 2.3.13, as used in Struts 2 before 2.3.14.3, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary OGNL code via a crafted parameter name that is not properly handled when invoking a redirect.",
"id": "GHSA-whmq-v94q-34p9",
"modified": "2024-03-05T18:26:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T00:54:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-1965"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/7e6f641ebb142663cbd1653dc49bed725edf7f56"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=967655"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/struts"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20140227231557/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/60082"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://struts.apache.org/development/2.x/docs/s2-012.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Improper Control of Generation of Code in Apache Struts"
}
GHSA-WHQQ-VQV6-FMVC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-14 00:31 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:27Atos Unify OpenScape SBC 10 before 10R3.1.3, OpenScape Branch 10 before 10R3.1.2, and OpenScape BCF 10 before 10R10.7.0 allow remote authenticated admins to inject commands.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-30638"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-77",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-14T00:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Atos Unify OpenScape SBC 10 before 10R3.1.3, OpenScape Branch 10 before 10R3.1.2, and OpenScape BCF 10 before 10R10.7.0 allow remote authenticated admins to inject commands.",
"id": "GHSA-whqq-vqv6-fmvc",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:27:29Z",
"published": "2023-04-14T00:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30638"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://networks.unify.com/security/advisories/OBSO-2303-02.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.news.de/technik/856818957/unify-openscape-sbc-und-openscape-branch-gefaehrdet-it-sicherheitswarnung-vom-bsi-und-bug-report-bekannte-schwachstellen-und-sicherheitsluecken/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WHV2-GP66-Q464
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:20 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:00During installation with certain driver software or application packages an arbitrary code execution could occur.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-28419"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-09T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "During installation with certain driver software or application packages an arbitrary code execution could occur.",
"id": "GHSA-whv2-gp66-q464",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:00:52Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:20:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-28419"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hp.com/us-en/document/c07058567"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WHV6-J2G7-VCQ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-18 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-20 00:00DedeCMS v5.7.94 - v5.7.97 was discovered to contain a remote code execution vulnerability in member_toadmin.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36216"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-17T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "DedeCMS v5.7.94 - v5.7.97 was discovered to contain a remote code execution vulnerability in member_toadmin.php.",
"id": "GHSA-whv6-j2g7-vcq4",
"modified": "2022-08-20T00:00:57Z",
"published": "2022-08-18T00:00:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36216"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/whitehatl/Vulnerability/blob/main/web/dedecms/5.7.94/member_toadmin.poc.md"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-WHW4-3P4X-P8FW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-16 00:01 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01Visual Studio Code Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-43891"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-15T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Visual Studio Code Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-whw4-3p4x-p8fw",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:49Z",
"published": "2021-12-16T00:01:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43891"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-43891"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.