CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8342 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-9F78-R2F6-597Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2025-10-22 00:32Remote Code execution vulnerability in Micro Focus Operation Bridge Reporter (OBR) product, affecting version 10.40. The vulnerability could be exploited to allow Remote Code Execution on the OBR server.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22502"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-78",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-08T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Remote Code execution vulnerability in Micro Focus Operation Bridge Reporter (OBR) product, affecting version 10.40. The vulnerability could be exploited to allow Remote Code Execution on the OBR server.",
"id": "GHSA-9f78-r2f6-597q",
"modified": "2025-10-22T00:32:02Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22502"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://softwaresupport.softwaregrp.com/doc/KM03775947"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-22502"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-153"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-21-154"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/162408/Micro-Focus-Operations-Bridge-Reporter-Unauthenticated-Command-Injection.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9F83-JR84-749X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:48 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:48Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in PHPWAY Kostenloses Linkmanagementscript allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the (1) main_page_directory and (2) page_to_include parameters in template\index.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-2270"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-05-16T12:54:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in PHPWAY Kostenloses Linkmanagementscript allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the (1) main_page_directory and (2) page_to_include parameters in template\\index.php.",
"id": "GHSA-9f83-jr84-749x",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:48:19Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:48:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-2270"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/42446"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5621"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29234"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9FCW-H273-V9R3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:36 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:36Microsoft Windows Media Runtime, as used in DirectShow WMA Voice Codec, Windows Media Audio Voice Decoder, and Audio Compression Manager (ACM), does not properly initialize unspecified functions within compressed audio files, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via (1) a crafted media file or (2) crafted streaming content, aka "Windows Media Runtime Heap Corruption Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-2525"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-10-14T10:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft Windows Media Runtime, as used in DirectShow WMA Voice Codec, Windows Media Audio Voice Decoder, and Audio Compression Manager (ACM), does not properly initialize unspecified functions within compressed audio files, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via (1) a crafted media file or (2) crafted streaming content, aka \"Windows Media Runtime Heap Corruption Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-9fcw-h273-v9r3",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:36:05Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:36:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-2525"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2009/ms09-051"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A6484"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA09-286A.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9FGF-M63Q-P2M6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-03 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-21 18:31Netgear R6850 1.1.0.88 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the c4-IPAddr parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-30568"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-03T13:16:02Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Netgear R6850 1.1.0.88 was discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability via the c4-IPAddr parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-9fgf-m63q-p2m6",
"modified": "2024-08-21T18:31:25Z",
"published": "2024-04-03T15:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-30568"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/funny-mud-peee/IoT-vuls/blob/main/netgear%20R6850/Netgear-R6850%20V1.1.0.88%20Command%20Injection%28ping_test%29.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.netgear.com/about/security"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9FGP-RHJ8-RPP2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:42 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:42PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in quiz/common/db_config.inc.php in the Online FlashQuiz (com_onlineflashquiz) 1.0.2 component for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the base_dir parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-1682"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-04-04T19:44:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in quiz/common/db_config.inc.php in the Online FlashQuiz (com_onlineflashquiz) 1.0.2 component for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the base_dir parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-9fgp-rhj8-rpp2",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:42:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:42:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-1682"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/41592"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5345"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/28574"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9FH3-J99M-F4V7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-24 00:30 – Updated: 2025-03-13 21:40pdf_info 0.5.3 is vulnerable to Command Execution. An attacker using a specially crafted payload may execute OS commands by using command chaining because during object initalization there is no validation performed and the user provided path is used.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "pdf_info"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.5.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36231"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-78",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-02-24T00:33:27Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-23T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "pdf_info 0.5.3 is vulnerable to Command Execution. An attacker using a specially crafted payload may execute OS commands by using command chaining because during object initalization there is no validation performed and the user provided path is used.",
"id": "GHSA-9fh3-j99m-f4v7",
"modified": "2025-03-13T21:40:28Z",
"published": "2023-02-24T00:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36231"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/newspaperclub/pdf_info/issues/16"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/newspaperclub/pdf_info/pull/15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/affix/CVE-2022-36231"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/newspaperclub/pdf_info"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/pdf_info/CVE-2022-36231.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://rubygems.org/gems/pdf_info"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Code injection in pdf_info"
}
GHSA-9FH9-8MC9-6CWV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-03 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:30An issue in Eramba Limited Eramba Enterprise v.3.19.1 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the path parameter in the URL.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-36255"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-03T02:15:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "An issue in Eramba Limited Eramba Enterprise v.3.19.1 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the path parameter in the URL.",
"id": "GHSA-9fh9-8mc9-6cwv",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-08-03T03:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-36255"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://trovent.github.io/security-advisories/TRSA-2303-01/TRSA-2303-01.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://trovent.io/security-advisory-2303-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.eramba.org"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://eramba.com"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9FMX-FX6P-RCQ8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-15 00:00 – Updated: 2022-10-06 00:00Internally used text extraction reports allow an attacker to inject code that can be executed by the application. An attacker could thereby control the behavior of the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-44231"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-14T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Internally used text extraction reports allow an attacker to inject code that can be executed by the application. An attacker could thereby control the behavior of the application.",
"id": "GHSA-9fmx-fx6p-rcq8",
"modified": "2022-10-06T00:00:57Z",
"published": "2021-12-15T00:00:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44231"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3119365"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/display/PSR/SAP+Security+Patch+Day+-+December+2021"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9FQC-9CPR-W73Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-04 03:30 – Updated: 2023-02-10 22:06Code Injection in GitHub repository froxlor/froxlor prior to 2.0.10.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "froxlor/froxlor"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0671"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-02-06T19:33:16Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-04T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Code Injection in GitHub repository froxlor/froxlor prior to 2.0.10.",
"id": "GHSA-9fqc-9cpr-w73q",
"modified": "2023-02-10T22:06:31Z",
"published": "2023-02-04T03:30:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0671"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/froxlor/froxlor/commit/0034681412057fef2dfe9cce9f8a6e3321f52edc"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/Froxlor/Froxlor"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/c2a84917-7ac0-4169-81c1-b61e617023de"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "froxlor is vulnerable to privilege escalation from customer to root via directory-options"
}
GHSA-9FR9-58H7-GJ3C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-18 09:31 – Updated: 2026-05-18 09:31A vulnerability in Command-Line Client in P4 Server prior to the 2025.2 Patch 2, identified as CVE-2026-6902, has been fixed in P4 Server to address potential security risks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-6902"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-18T09:16:24Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in Command-Line Client in P4 Server prior to the 2025.2 Patch 2, identified as CVE-2026-6902, has been fixed in P4 Server to address potential security risks.",
"id": "GHSA-9fr9-58h7-gj3c",
"modified": "2026-05-18T09:31:48Z",
"published": "2026-05-18T09:31:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6902"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.perforce.com/s/cve/a91Qi000002zJB3IAM/code-injection-in-perforce-helix-core"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.