CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8378 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7GGM-4RJG-594W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-18 00:30 – Updated: 2024-05-20 16:39A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in the berriai/litellm project due to improper control of the generation of code when using the eval function unsafely in the litellm.get_secret() method. Specifically, when the server utilizes Google KMS, untrusted data is passed to the eval function without any sanitization. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious values into environment variables through the /config/update endpoint, which allows for the update of settings in proxy_server_config.yaml.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "litellm"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.28.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-4264"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-20T16:39:43Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-18T00:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in the berriai/litellm project due to improper control of the generation of code when using the `eval` function unsafely in the `litellm.get_secret()` method. Specifically, when the server utilizes Google KMS, untrusted data is passed to the `eval` function without any sanitization. Attackers can exploit this vulnerability by injecting malicious values into environment variables through the `/config/update` endpoint, which allows for the update of settings in `proxy_server_config.yaml`.",
"id": "GHSA-7ggm-4rjg-594w",
"modified": "2024-05-20T16:39:43Z",
"published": "2024-05-18T00:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4264"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm/blob/main/litellm/proxy/proxy_server.py#L2104-L2108"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm/blob/main/litellm/proxy/proxy_server.py#L2118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm/blob/main/litellm/proxy/proxy_server.py#L2509-L2517"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm/blob/main/litellm/proxy/proxy_server.py#L2562-L2577"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/BerriAI/litellm/blob/main/litellm/utils.py#L9867-L9885"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/a3221b0c-6e25-4295-ab0f-042997e8fc61"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "litellm passes untrusted data to `eval` function without sanitization"
}
GHSA-7GHM-RPC7-P7G5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:16 – Updated: 2022-11-03 23:44A vulnerability introduced by forcing parameter inclusion in the URL and Anchor Tag allows remote command execution, session access and manipulation and XSS attacks.
both the s:url and s:a tag provide an includeParams attribute.
The main scope of that attribute is to understand whether includes http request parameter or not.
The allowed values of includeParams are:
none - include no parameters in the URL (default)
get - include only GET parameters in the URL
all - include both GET and POST parameters in the URL
A request that included a specially crafted request parameter could be used to inject arbitrary OGNL code into the stack, afterward used as request parameter of an URL or A tag , which will cause a further evaluation.
The second evaluation happens when the URL/A tag tries to resolve every parameters present in the original request. This lets malicious users put arbitrary OGNL statements into any request parameter (not necessarily managed by the code) and have it evaluated as an OGNL expression to enable method execution and execute arbitrary methods, bypassing Struts and OGNL library protections.
The issue was originally addressed by Struts 2.3.14.1 and Security Announcement S2-013. However, the solution introduced with 2.3.14.1 did not address all possible attack vectors, such that every version of Struts 2 before 2.3.14.2 is still vulnerable to such attacks.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.struts:struts2-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.14.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.struts.xwork:xwork-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.3.14.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-2115"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-03T23:44:50Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2013-07-10T19:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A vulnerability introduced by forcing parameter inclusion in the URL and Anchor Tag allows remote command execution, session access and manipulation and XSS attacks.\n\nboth the s:url and s:a tag provide an includeParams attribute.\n\nThe main scope of that attribute is to understand whether includes http request parameter or not.\n\nThe allowed values of includeParams are:\n\n none - include no parameters in the URL (default)\n get - include only GET parameters in the URL\n all - include both GET and POST parameters in the URL\n\nA request that included a specially crafted request parameter could be used to inject arbitrary OGNL code into the stack, afterward used as request parameter of an URL or A tag , which will cause a further evaluation.\n\nThe second evaluation happens when the URL/A tag tries to resolve every parameters present in the original request.\nThis lets malicious users put arbitrary OGNL statements into any request parameter (not necessarily managed by the code) and have it evaluated as an OGNL expression to enable method execution and execute arbitrary methods, bypassing Struts and OGNL library protections.\n\nThe issue was originally addressed by Struts 2.3.14.1 and Security Announcement [S2-013](https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-013). However, the solution introduced with 2.3.14.1 did not address all possible attack vectors, such that every version of Struts 2 before 2.3.14.2 is still vulnerable to such attacks.",
"id": "GHSA-7ghm-rpc7-p7g5",
"modified": "2022-11-03T23:44:50Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:16:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-2115"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/d7804297e319c7a12245e1b536e565fcea6d650"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/d934c6e7430b7b98e43a0a085a2304bd31a75c3d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/ea96d18d0f75c390d2595648efa3563785c272c6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/struts/commit/fed4f8e8a4ec69b5e7612b92d8ce3e476680474"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=967656"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-013"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/WW/S2-014"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/struts"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/WW-4063"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20140212000331/http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/60167"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://struts.apache.org/development/2.x/docs/s2-014.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Code injection in Apache Struts"
}
GHSA-7GHW-PVGH-GV4G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:25 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:25PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in convert/mvcw_conver.php in the Virtual War (VWar) module for PHPNuke-Clan (PNC) 4.2.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the vwar_root parameter, a different vector than CVE-2006-1602. NOTE: it is possible that this issue stems from a problem in VWar itself.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-4606"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-08-31T00:17:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in convert/mvcw_conver.php in the Virtual War (VWar) module for PHPNuke-Clan (PNC) 4.2.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the vwar_root parameter, a different vector than CVE-2006-1602. NOTE: it is possible that this issue stems from a problem in VWar itself.",
"id": "GHSA-7ghw-pvgh-gv4g",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:25:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:25:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-4606"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/36317"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4333"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7GJW-W759-V9JM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:28 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:28PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in modules/Discipline/StudentFieldBreakdown.php in Focus/SIS 1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the FocusPath parameter, a different vector than CVE-2007-4806. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-4942"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-09-18T19:17:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in modules/Discipline/StudentFieldBreakdown.php in Focus/SIS 1.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the FocusPath parameter, a different vector than CVE-2007-4806. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown.",
"id": "GHSA-7gjw-w759-v9jm",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:28:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:28:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-4942"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/26750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.attrition.org/pipermail/vim/2007-September/001788.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.osvdb.org/36953"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/3134"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7GMJ-VWPF-4CH9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:34 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:34The Remote Desktop ActiveX control in mstscax.dll in Microsoft Remote Desktop Connection Client 6.1 and 7.0 does not properly handle objects in memory, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a web page that triggers access to a deleted object, and allows remote RDP servers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors that trigger access to a deleted object, aka "RDP ActiveX Control Remote Code Execution Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-1296"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-04-09T22:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Remote Desktop ActiveX control in mstscax.dll in Microsoft Remote Desktop Connection Client 6.1 and 7.0 does not properly handle objects in memory, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a web page that triggers access to a deleted object, and allows remote RDP servers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors that trigger access to a deleted object, aka \"RDP ActiveX Control Remote Code Execution Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-7gmj-vwpf-4ch9",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:34:48Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:34:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-1296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2013/ms13-029"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A16598"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA13-100A"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7GQH-4P9M-F8WR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:45 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:33A log poisoning vulnerability has been discovered in the OneShield Policy (Dragon Core) framework before 5.1.10. Authenticated remote adversaries can poison log files by entering malicious payloads in either headers or form elements. These payloads are then executed via a client side debugging console. This is predicated on the debugging console and Java Bean being made available to the deployed application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-11642"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-05-08T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A log poisoning vulnerability has been discovered in the OneShield Policy (Dragon Core) framework before 5.1.10. Authenticated remote adversaries can poison log files by entering malicious payloads in either headers or form elements. These payloads are then executed via a client side debugging console. This is predicated on the debugging console and Java Bean being made available to the deployed application.",
"id": "GHSA-7gqh-4p9m-f8wr",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:33:28Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:45:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11642"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oneshield.com/business-solutions/oneshield-pc-solutions/oneshield-policy"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/May/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GX3-2PRJ-GFR9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-03-09 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:02This issue exists to document that a security improvement in the way that Jira Server and Data Center use templates has been implemented. Affected versions of Atlassian Jira Server and Data Center allowed remote attackers with system administrator permissions to execute arbitrary code via Template Injection leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE) in the Email Templates feature. The affected versions are before version 8.13.15, and from version 8.14.0 before 8.20.3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-43944"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-03-08T02:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This issue exists to document that a security improvement in the way that Jira Server and Data Center use templates has been implemented. Affected versions of Atlassian Jira Server and Data Center allowed remote attackers with system administrator permissions to execute arbitrary code via Template Injection leading to Remote Code Execution (RCE) in the Email Templates feature. The affected versions are before version 8.13.15, and from version 8.14.0 before 8.20.3.",
"id": "GHSA-7gx3-2prj-gfr9",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:02:53Z",
"published": "2022-03-09T00:00:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-43944"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/JRASERVER-73072"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7GX5-3645-VJVQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-01 00:00 – Updated: 2021-12-01 00:00IBM MQ Appliance 9.2 CD and 9.2 LTS could allow a local privileged user to inject and execute malicious code. IBM X-Force ID: 212441.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38967"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-11-30T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM MQ Appliance 9.2 CD and 9.2 LTS could allow a local privileged user to inject and execute malicious code. IBM X-Force ID: 212441.",
"id": "GHSA-7gx5-3645-vjvq",
"modified": "2021-12-01T00:00:40Z",
"published": "2021-12-01T00:00:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/212441"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6512826"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7H2V-9JRX-FP57
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:48 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:48PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include/bbs.lib.inc.php in Rgboard 3.0.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the site_path parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-2296"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-05-18T14:20:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include/bbs.lib.inc.php in Rgboard 3.0.12 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the site_path parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-7h2v-9jrx-fp57",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:48:40Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:48:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-2296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/42431"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5620"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29230"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-7H3V-6P66-CFWJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:48 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:48Static code injection vulnerability in config/writeconfig.php in the sample code in the XenServer Resource Kit in Citrix XenCenterWeb allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary PHP code into include/config.ini.php via the pool1 parameter. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-3760"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-10-22T17:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Static code injection vulnerability in config/writeconfig.php in the sample code in the XenServer Resource Kit in Citrix XenCenterWeb allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary PHP code into include/config.ini.php via the pool1 parameter. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.",
"id": "GHSA-7h3v-6p66-cfwj",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:48:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:48:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-3760"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securenetwork.it/ricerca/advisory/download/SN-2009-01.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securitytracker.com/id?1022520"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/9106"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/504764"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/35592"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2009/1814"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.