Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14839 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-2XMW-984X-WV9R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-16 09:31 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in WP-EXPERTS.IN Protect WP Admin protect-wp-admin allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Protect WP Admin: from n/a through <= 4.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-64249"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-16T09:15:54Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in WP-EXPERTS.IN Protect WP Admin protect-wp-admin allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Protect WP Admin: from n/a through \u003c= 4.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-2xmw-984x-wv9r",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:13Z",
  "published": "2025-12-16T09:31:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64249"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/protect-wp-admin/vulnerability/wordpress-protect-wp-admin-plugin-4-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/protect-wp-admin/vulnerability/wordpress-protect-wp-admin-plugin-4-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2XP4-37RM-883F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Prince Integrate Google Drive allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.

This issue affects Integrate Google Drive: from n/a through 1.3.8.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-32949"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T13:19:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Prince Integrate Google Drive allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.\n\nThis issue affects Integrate Google Drive: from n/a through 1.3.8.",
  "id": "GHSA-2xp4-37rm-883f",
  "modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:41Z",
  "published": "2026-06-17T18:35:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32949"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/integrate-google-drive/vulnerability/wordpress-integrate-google-drive-plugin-1-3-8-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2XP7-RPVC-PJWC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-22 00:31 – Updated: 2026-06-24 21:08
VLAI
Summary
Concrete CMS is vulnerable to IDOR
Details

Concrete CMS 9.5.0 and below is vulnerable to IDOR. The '/ccm/frontend/conversations/get_rating' endpoint confirms existence and returns rating score for any message by ID.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "concrete5/concrete5"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "9.5.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-8239"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-24T21:08:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-21T22:16:50Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Concrete CMS 9.5.0 and below is vulnerable to IDOR.\u00a0The\u00a0\u0027/ccm/frontend/conversations/get_rating\u0027\u00a0endpoint confirms existence and returns rating score for any message by ID.",
  "id": "GHSA-2xp7-rpvc-pjwc",
  "modified": "2026-06-24T21:08:44Z",
  "published": "2026-05-22T00:31:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-8239"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://documentation.concretecms.org/9-x/developers/introduction/version-history/951-release-notes"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/concretecms/concretecms"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Concrete CMS is vulnerable to IDOR"
}

GHSA-2XPJ-7M85-MM88

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-01 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Themeum WP Crowdfunding allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WP Crowdfunding: from n/a through 2.1.10.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-43937"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-01T15:15:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Themeum WP Crowdfunding allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WP Crowdfunding: from n/a through 2.1.10.",
  "id": "GHSA-2xpj-7m85-mm88",
  "modified": "2024-11-01T15:31:59Z",
  "published": "2024-11-01T15:31:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43937"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-crowdfunding/wordpress-wp-crowdfunding-plugin-2-1-10-settings-change-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2XQ6-X392-9PF3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-01 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-01 15:32
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Etoile Web Design Order Tracking allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Order Tracking: from n/a through 3.3.12.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-43343"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-01T15:15:48Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Etoile Web Design Order Tracking allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Order Tracking: from n/a through 3.3.12.",
  "id": "GHSA-2xq6-x392-9pf3",
  "modified": "2024-11-01T15:32:00Z",
  "published": "2024-11-01T15:31:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43343"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/order-tracking/wordpress-order-tracking-wordpress-status-tracking-plugin-plugin-3-3-13-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2XQH-CC4Q-3QFQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-31 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Subscriber Broken Access Control in ELEX WooCommerce Request a Quote <= 2.3.3 versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-31406"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T09:15:17Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Subscriber Broken Access Control in ELEX WooCommerce Request a Quote \u003c= 2.3.3 versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-2xqh-cc4q-3qfq",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:15Z",
  "published": "2025-03-31T09:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31406"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/elex-request-a-quote/vulnerability/wordpress-elex-woocommerce-request-a-quote-plugin-2-3-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2XV6-2J79-GHQR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-02 12:32 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:33
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in supsystic.com Data Tables Generator by Supsystic allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Data Tables Generator by Supsystic: from n/a through 1.10.36.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-56253"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-02T12:15:27Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in supsystic.com Data Tables Generator by Supsystic allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Data Tables Generator by Supsystic: from n/a through 1.10.36.",
  "id": "GHSA-2xv6-2j79-ghqr",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:33:00Z",
  "published": "2025-01-02T12:32:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56253"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/data-tables-generator-by-supsystic/vulnerability/wordpress-data-tables-generator-by-supsystic-plugin-1-10-36-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2XW4-V2WX-HQQ9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 23:55 – Updated: 2026-05-26 23:55
VLAI
Summary
Kirby CMS's `pages.access` permission is not checked during rendering of page drafts
Details

TL;DR

This vulnerability affects all Kirby sites where users of a particular role have no permission to access pages (pages.access permission is disabled). This can be due to configuration in the user blueprint(s), via options in the model blueprint(s) or via a combination of both settings.

Kirby sites are not affected if they intend all users of the site to be able to access all page drafts of the site. The vulnerability can only be exploited by authenticated users. Write actions are not affected by this vulnerability.


Introduction

Missing authorization allows authenticated users to perform actions they are not intended to have access to.

The effects of missing authorization can include unauthorized access to sensitive information as well as unauthorized changes to content or system information.

Affected components

Kirby's user permissions control which user role is allowed to perform specific actions to content models in the CMS. These permissions are defined for each role in the user blueprint (site/blueprints/users/...). It is also possible to customize the permissions for each target model in the model blueprints (such as in site/blueprints/pages/...) using the options feature. The permissions and options together control the authorization of user actions.

Kirby provides the pages.access and pages.list permissions (among others). The list permission controls whether affected models appear in lists throughout the Panel and REST API. The access permission has the same effect but also disables direct access to the affected models.

This vulnerability affects the path resolver for the main CMS router. The resolver takes an input path from the requested URL and determines which model (page or file) should be rendered. When a path is requested that points to a page draft, the resolver checks that the request either contains a valid preview token or is authenticated by a valid user.

Impact

In affected releases, Kirby allowed page drafts to be rendered if any valid user was authenticated, even if that user did not have access to the specific page model. Authenticated attackers with knowledge of the full path to an existing page draft could then access the rendered frontend page. This could lead to the disclosure of sensitive information, e.g. ahead of the launch of a new product or post.

Patches

The problem has been patched in Kirby 4.9.1 and Kirby 5.4.1. Please update to one of these or a later version to fix the vulnerability.

In all of the mentioned releases, Kirby has added a check that verifies that the requested page draft is accessible to the current user before rendering the draft template.

Credits

Kirby thank to @adrgs for responsibly reporting the identified issue.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.9.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "getkirby/cms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.9.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 5.4.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "getkirby/cms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.4.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44176"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-26T23:55:35Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### TL;DR\n\nThis vulnerability affects all Kirby sites where users of a particular role have no permission to access pages (`pages.access` permission is disabled). This can be due to configuration in the user blueprint(s), via `options` in the model blueprint(s) or via a combination of both settings.\n\nKirby sites are *not* affected if they intend all users of the site to be able to access all page drafts of the site. The vulnerability can only be exploited by authenticated users. Write actions are *not* affected by this vulnerability.\n\n----\n\n### Introduction\n\nMissing authorization allows authenticated users to perform actions they are not intended to have access to.\n\nThe effects of missing authorization can include unauthorized access to sensitive information as well as unauthorized changes to content or system information.\n\n### Affected components\n\nKirby\u0027s user permissions control which user role is allowed to perform specific actions to content models in the CMS. These permissions are defined for each role in the user blueprint (`site/blueprints/users/...`). It is also possible to customize the permissions for each target model in the model blueprints (such as in `site/blueprints/pages/...`) using the `options` feature. The permissions and options together control the authorization of user actions.\n\nKirby provides the `pages.access` and `pages.list` permissions (among others). The `list` permission controls whether affected models appear in lists throughout the Panel and REST API. The `access` permission has the same effect but also disables direct access to the affected models.\n\nThis vulnerability affects the path resolver for the main CMS router. The resolver takes an input path from the requested URL and determines which model (page or file) should be rendered. When a path is requested that points to a page draft, the resolver checks that the request either contains a valid preview token or is authenticated by a valid user.\n\n### Impact\n\nIn affected releases, Kirby allowed page drafts to be rendered if any valid user was authenticated, even if that user did not have access to the specific page model. Authenticated attackers with knowledge of the full path to an existing page draft could then access the rendered frontend page. This could lead to the disclosure of sensitive information, e.g. ahead of the launch of a new product or post.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe problem has been patched in [Kirby 4.9.1](https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/4.9.1) and [Kirby 5.4.1](https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/5.4.1). Please update to one of these or a [later version](https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases) to fix the vulnerability.\n\nIn all of the mentioned releases, Kirby has added a check that verifies that the requested page draft is accessible to the current user before rendering the draft template.\n\n### Credits\n\nKirby thank to @adrgs for responsibly reporting the identified issue.",
  "id": "GHSA-2xw4-v2wx-hqq9",
  "modified": "2026-05-26T23:55:35Z",
  "published": "2026-05-26T23:55:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/security/advisories/GHSA-2xw4-v2wx-hqq9"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkirby/kirby"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/4.9.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/getkirby/kirby/releases/tag/5.4.1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Kirby CMS\u0027s `pages.access` permission is not checked during rendering of page drafts"
}

GHSA-3244-VJ38-XW85

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-29 15:31 – Updated: 2025-04-29 15:31
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability was found in ScriptAndTools Online-Travling-System 1.0. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the file /admin/viewenquiry.php. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-4064"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-266",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-29T14:15:34Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability was found in ScriptAndTools Online-Travling-System 1.0. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the file /admin/viewenquiry.php. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
  "id": "GHSA-3244-vj38-xw85",
  "modified": "2025-04-29T15:31:52Z",
  "published": "2025-04-29T15:31:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4064"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.306501"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.306501"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.559467"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.websecurityinsights.my.id/2025/04/script-and-tools-online-travling-system.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3258-QMV8-FRP3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-08 23:02 – Updated: 2026-06-08 20:12
VLAI
Summary
free5GC's SMF UPI management interface lacks auth middleware; unauthenticated topology read/write requests reach handlers
Details

Summary

free5GC's SMF mounts the UPI management route group without OAuth2/bearer-token authorization middleware. A network attacker who can reach SMF on the SBI can hit UPI endpoints with no Authorization header at all, and the requests reach the SMF business handlers. In the running Docker lab this was directly demonstrated for read (GET /upi/v1/upNodesLinks), write (POST /upi/v1/upNodesLinks with attacker-controlled UP-node and link payload), and delete (DELETE /upi/v1/upNodesLinks/{nodeID}) operations.

The defect is route-group-scoped: there is no inbound auth middleware on the UPI group at all, while a control comparison against the sibling nsmf-oam group on the same SMF instance shows OAM IS protected (no-token request returns 401 Unauthorized). So this is not a global config gap -- it is specifically that the UPI group was mounted without the auth middleware that the OAM group has.

Details

Validated against the SMF container in the official Docker compose lab. - Source repo tag: v4.2.1 - Running Docker image: free5gc/smf:v4.2.0 - Docker validation date: 2026-03-13

Control comparison on the same SMF instance: - GET /upi/v1/upNodesLinks (no token) -> 200 OK - GET /nsmf-oam/v1/ (no token) -> 401 Unauthorized

This side-by-side proves OAuth2 middleware is wired in for nsmf-oam but not for UPI on the same process.

Code evidence (paths in free5gc/smf): - UPI group mounted WITHOUT auth middleware: NFs/smf/internal/sbi/server.go:76 - OAM group mounted WITH auth middleware (control): NFs/smf/internal/sbi/server.go:95 - UPI business handlers (read / write / delete on upNodesLinks): - NFs/smf/internal/sbi/api_upi.go:44 - NFs/smf/internal/sbi/api_upi.go:60 - NFs/smf/internal/sbi/api_upi.go:84

PoC

Reproduced end-to-end against the running SMF at http://10.100.200.6:8000.

  1. READ UP-nodes/links with NO Authorization header -> 200 OK:
curl -i http://10.100.200.6:8000/upi/v1/upNodesLinks
  1. WRITE: POST attacker-controlled UPF node and link with NO Authorization header -> 200 OK:
curl -i -X POST http://10.100.200.6:8000/upi/v1/upNodesLinks \
  -H 'Content-Type: application/json' \
  --data '{"links":[{"A":"gNB1","B":"UPF-POC-20260313","weight":1}],"upNodes":{"UPF-POC-20260313":{"type":"UPF","nodeID":"198.51.100.20","addr":"198.51.100.20","sNssaiUpfInfos":[{"sNssai":{"sst":1,"sd":"010203"},"dnnUpfInfoList":[{"dnn":"internet"}]}]}}}'
  1. DELETE with FORGED token -> 404 Not Found from business logic (auth was bypassed; the 404 is a business response, not an auth rejection):
curl -i -X DELETE http://10.100.200.6:8000/upi/v1/upNodesLinks/UPF-POC-20260313 \
  -H 'Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token'
  1. CONTROL: same instance, sibling OAM route, no token -> 401 Unauthorized:
curl -i http://10.100.200.6:8000/nsmf-oam/v1/

SMF container logs (docker logs smf) confirm the side-by-side behavior:

[INFO][SMF][GIN] | 200 | GET    | /upi/v1/upNodesLinks
[INFO][SMF][GIN] | 401 | GET    | /nsmf-oam/v1/
[INFO][SMF][GIN] | 404 | DELETE | /upi/v1/upNodesLinks/UPF-POC-20260313
[INFO][SMF][GIN] | 200 | POST   | /upi/v1/upNodesLinks

Impact

Missing inbound authentication (CWE-306) and authorization (CWE-862) on the SMF UPI SBI route group. Severity is scored against the route group's intended capability surface (UP-node and link topology management), which is realized by the demonstrated PoC: an unauthenticated network attacker can already today read SMF's view of the UP-plane topology, inject attacker-controlled UPF nodes and link entries, and target deletions of named entries.

Any party that can reach SMF on the SBI can: - Read SMF's current UP-node and link topology view anonymously. - Inject attacker-controlled UPF entries (with attacker-chosen nodeID / addr / S-NSSAI / DNN), poisoning SMF's view of which UPFs serve which slices/DNNs and biasing subsequent UPF selection / PFCP path establishment for legitimate PDU sessions. - Issue topology delete operations against named UPF entries, denying or disrupting legitimate UPF participation in SMF's selection logic.

The defect is route-group-scoped: there is no auth middleware on the UPI group at all, so every UPI endpoint inside this group inherits the missing inbound auth boundary, and the same-instance OAM control proves this is the UPI mount specifically (not a global SMF config issue).

Affected: free5gc v4.2.1.

Upstream issue: https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/issues/887 Upstream fix: https://github.com/free5gc/smf/pull/197

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Go",
        "name": "github.com/free5gc/smf"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.4.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44329"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-08T23:02:23Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-27T17:16:38Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nfree5GC\u0027s SMF mounts the `UPI` management route group without OAuth2/bearer-token authorization middleware. A network attacker who can reach SMF on the SBI can hit `UPI` endpoints with no `Authorization` header at all, and the requests reach the SMF business handlers. In the running Docker lab this was directly demonstrated for read (`GET /upi/v1/upNodesLinks`), write (`POST /upi/v1/upNodesLinks` with attacker-controlled UP-node and link payload), and delete (`DELETE /upi/v1/upNodesLinks/{nodeID}`) operations.\n\nThe defect is route-group-scoped: there is no inbound auth middleware on the UPI group at all, while a control comparison against the sibling `nsmf-oam` group on the same SMF instance shows OAM IS protected (no-token request returns `401 Unauthorized`). So this is not a global config gap -- it is specifically that the UPI group was mounted without the auth middleware that the OAM group has.\n\n### Details\nValidated against the SMF container in the official Docker compose lab.\n- Source repo tag: `v4.2.1`\n- Running Docker image: `free5gc/smf:v4.2.0`\n- Docker validation date: 2026-03-13\n\nControl comparison on the same SMF instance:\n- `GET /upi/v1/upNodesLinks` (no token) -\u003e `200 OK`\n- `GET /nsmf-oam/v1/` (no token) -\u003e `401 Unauthorized`\n\nThis side-by-side proves OAuth2 middleware is wired in for `nsmf-oam` but not for `UPI` on the same process.\n\nCode evidence (paths in `free5gc/smf`):\n- UPI group mounted WITHOUT auth middleware: `NFs/smf/internal/sbi/server.go:76`\n- OAM group mounted WITH auth middleware (control): `NFs/smf/internal/sbi/server.go:95`\n- UPI business handlers (read / write / delete on `upNodesLinks`):\n  - `NFs/smf/internal/sbi/api_upi.go:44`\n  - `NFs/smf/internal/sbi/api_upi.go:60`\n  - `NFs/smf/internal/sbi/api_upi.go:84`\n\n### PoC\nReproduced end-to-end against the running SMF at `http://10.100.200.6:8000`.\n\n1. READ UP-nodes/links with NO `Authorization` header -\u003e `200 OK`:\n```\ncurl -i http://10.100.200.6:8000/upi/v1/upNodesLinks\n```\n\n2. WRITE: POST attacker-controlled UPF node and link with NO `Authorization` header -\u003e `200 OK`:\n```\ncurl -i -X POST http://10.100.200.6:8000/upi/v1/upNodesLinks \\\n  -H \u0027Content-Type: application/json\u0027 \\\n  --data \u0027{\"links\":[{\"A\":\"gNB1\",\"B\":\"UPF-POC-20260313\",\"weight\":1}],\"upNodes\":{\"UPF-POC-20260313\":{\"type\":\"UPF\",\"nodeID\":\"198.51.100.20\",\"addr\":\"198.51.100.20\",\"sNssaiUpfInfos\":[{\"sNssai\":{\"sst\":1,\"sd\":\"010203\"},\"dnnUpfInfoList\":[{\"dnn\":\"internet\"}]}]}}}\u0027\n```\n\n3. DELETE with FORGED token -\u003e `404 Not Found` from business logic (auth was bypassed; the 404 is a business response, not an auth rejection):\n```\ncurl -i -X DELETE http://10.100.200.6:8000/upi/v1/upNodesLinks/UPF-POC-20260313 \\\n  -H \u0027Authorization: Bearer not-a-real-token\u0027\n```\n\n4. CONTROL: same instance, sibling OAM route, no token -\u003e `401 Unauthorized`:\n```\ncurl -i http://10.100.200.6:8000/nsmf-oam/v1/\n```\n\nSMF container logs (`docker logs smf`) confirm the side-by-side behavior:\n```\n[INFO][SMF][GIN] | 200 | GET    | /upi/v1/upNodesLinks\n[INFO][SMF][GIN] | 401 | GET    | /nsmf-oam/v1/\n[INFO][SMF][GIN] | 404 | DELETE | /upi/v1/upNodesLinks/UPF-POC-20260313\n[INFO][SMF][GIN] | 200 | POST   | /upi/v1/upNodesLinks\n```\n\n### Impact\nMissing inbound authentication (CWE-306) and authorization (CWE-862) on the SMF `UPI` SBI route group. Severity is scored against the route group\u0027s intended capability surface (UP-node and link topology management), which is realized by the demonstrated PoC: an unauthenticated network attacker can already today read SMF\u0027s view of the UP-plane topology, inject attacker-controlled UPF nodes and link entries, and target deletions of named entries.\n\nAny party that can reach SMF on the SBI can:\n- Read SMF\u0027s current UP-node and link topology view anonymously.\n- Inject attacker-controlled UPF entries (with attacker-chosen nodeID / addr / S-NSSAI / DNN), poisoning SMF\u0027s view of which UPFs serve which slices/DNNs and biasing subsequent UPF selection / PFCP path establishment for legitimate PDU sessions.\n- Issue topology delete operations against named UPF entries, denying or disrupting legitimate UPF participation in SMF\u0027s selection logic.\n\nThe defect is route-group-scoped: there is no auth middleware on the UPI group at all, so every UPI endpoint inside this group inherits the missing inbound auth boundary, and the same-instance OAM control proves this is the UPI mount specifically (not a global SMF config issue).\n\nAffected: free5gc v4.2.1.\n\nUpstream issue: https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/issues/887\nUpstream fix: https://github.com/free5gc/smf/pull/197",
  "id": "GHSA-3258-qmv8-frp3",
  "modified": "2026-06-08T20:12:01Z",
  "published": "2026-05-08T23:02:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/security/advisories/GHSA-3258-qmv8-frp3"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-44329"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc/issues/887"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/free5gc/smf/pull/197"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/free5gc/smf/commit/e23ce97565f285eb99eed153743c62bf4c767c6e"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/free5gc/free5gc"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "free5GC\u0027s SMF UPI management interface lacks auth middleware; unauthenticated topology read/write requests reach handlers"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.