Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-522

Allowed-with-Review

Insufficiently Protected Credentials

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.

1811 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-RQJW-P5VR-C695

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-07-19 15:21 – Updated: 2021-07-28 15:18
VLAI
Summary
Basic-auth app bundle credential exposure in gatsby-source-wordpress
Details

Impact

The gatsby-source-wordpress plugin prior to versions 4.0.8 and 5.9.2 leaks .htaccess HTTP Basic Authentication variables into the app.js bundle during build-time. Users who are not initializing basic authentication credentials in the gatsby-config.js are not affected.

Example affected gatsby-config.js:

      resolve: 'gatsby-source-wordpress',
        auth: {
          htaccess: {
            username: leaked_username
            password: leaked_password,
          },
        },

Patches

A patch has been introduced in gatsby-source-wordpress@4.0.8 and gatsby-source-wordpress@5.9.2 which mitigates the issue by filtering all variables specified in the auth: { } section. Users that depend on this functionality are advised to upgrade to the latest release of gatsby-source-wordpress, run gatsby clean followed by a gatsby build.

Workarounds

There is no known workaround at this time, other than manually editing the app.js file post-build.

For more information

Email us at security@gatsbyjs.com

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "gatsby-source-wordpress"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.0.8"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "gatsby-source-wordpress"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "5.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.9.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-32770"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-07-15T20:28:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-07-15T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nThe gatsby-source-wordpress plugin prior to versions 4.0.8 and 5.9.2 leaks .htaccess HTTP Basic Authentication variables into the app.js bundle during build-time.  Users who are not initializing basic authentication credentials in the gatsby-config.js are not affected.\n\nExample affected gatsby-config.js:\n```\n      resolve: \u0027gatsby-source-wordpress\u0027,\n        auth: {\n          htaccess: {\n            username: leaked_username\n            password: leaked_password,\n          },\n        },\n```\n\n### Patches\nA patch has been introduced in gatsby-source-wordpress@4.0.8 and gatsby-source-wordpress@5.9.2 which mitigates the issue by filtering all variables specified in the `auth: { }` section.  Users that depend on this functionality are advised to upgrade to the latest release of gatsby-source-wordpress, run `gatsby clean` followed by a `gatsby build`.\n\n\n### Workarounds\nThere is no known workaround at this time, other than manually editing the app.js file post-build.\n\n\n### For more information\nEmail us at [security@gatsbyjs.com](mailto:security@gatsbyjs.com)",
  "id": "GHSA-rqjw-p5vr-c695",
  "modified": "2021-07-28T15:18:01Z",
  "published": "2021-07-19T15:21:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/gatsbyjs/gatsby/security/advisories/GHSA-rqjw-p5vr-c695"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32770"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Basic-auth app bundle credential exposure in gatsby-source-wordpress"
}

GHSA-RQWX-X259-3GGM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-11 12:31 – Updated: 2024-08-06 15:30
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability has been identified in SINEC Traffic Analyzer (6GK8822-1BG01-0BA0) (All versions < V1.2). The affected web server stored the password in cleartext. This could allow attacker in a privileged position to obtain access passwords.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-35208"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-11T12:15:16Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability has been identified in SINEC Traffic Analyzer (6GK8822-1BG01-0BA0) (All versions \u003c V1.2). The affected web server stored the password in cleartext. This could allow attacker in a privileged position to obtain access passwords.",
  "id": "GHSA-rqwx-x259-3ggm",
  "modified": "2024-08-06T15:30:47Z",
  "published": "2024-06-11T12:31:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-35208"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-196737.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RR22-PQ25-C964

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-19 00:00 – Updated: 2025-05-05 18:32
VLAI
Details

Insufficiently protected credentials for Intel(R) AMT and Intel(R) Standard Manageability may allow a privileged user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-30944"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-18T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Insufficiently protected credentials for Intel(R) AMT and Intel(R) Standard Manageability may allow a privileged user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.",
  "id": "GHSA-rr22-pq25-c964",
  "modified": "2025-05-05T18:32:23Z",
  "published": "2022-08-19T00:00:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30944"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20221014-0004"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00709.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RR6F-R97F-HQG7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 03:31 – Updated: 2026-04-22 03:31
VLAI
Details

Tanium addressed an information disclosure vulnerability in Tanium Server.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-6408"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-22T03:16:01Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Tanium addressed an information disclosure vulnerability in Tanium Server.",
  "id": "GHSA-rr6f-r97f-hqg7",
  "modified": "2026-04-22T03:31:36Z",
  "published": "2026-04-22T03:31:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-6408"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.tanium.com/TAN-2026-012"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RR82-JJMM-PJGJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:51 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:51
VLAI
Details

Thomson DWG849 STC0.01.16, DWG850-4 ST9C.05.25, DWG855 ST80.20.26, and TWG870 STB2.01.36 devices allow remote attackers to discover credentials via iso.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.4.1.1.6.1.1.0 and iso.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.4.1.1.6.1.2.0 SNMP requests.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-20394"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-12-23T21:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Thomson DWG849 STC0.01.16, DWG850-4 ST9C.05.25, DWG855 ST80.20.26, and TWG870 STB2.01.36 devices allow remote attackers to discover credentials via iso.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.4.1.1.6.1.1.0 and iso.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.4.1.1.6.1.2.0 SNMP requests.",
  "id": "GHSA-rr82-jjmm-pjgj",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:51:02Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:51:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-20394"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ezelf/sensitivesOids/blob/master/oidpassswordleaks.csv"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://misteralfa-hack.blogspot.com/2018/12/stringbleed-y-ahora-que-passwords-leaks.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RV97-R8F7-8WMG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:00 – Updated: 2023-10-26 16:15
VLAI
Summary
Plaintext password storage in Jenkins InfluxDB Plugin
Details

Jenkins InfluxDB Plugin Prior to 1.22 stored credentials unencrypted in its global configuration file on the Jenkins master where they can be viewed by users with access to the master file system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:influxdb"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.22"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10329"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-256",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-09-09T00:56:25Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-05-31T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins InfluxDB Plugin Prior to 1.22 stored credentials unencrypted in its global configuration file on the Jenkins master where they can be viewed by users with access to the master file system.",
  "id": "GHSA-rv97-r8f7-8wmg",
  "modified": "2023-10-26T16:15:42Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T22:00:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10329"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/influxdb-plugin/commit/bfc2fcc0d8e6fb6f2dff5a45353abac5cefc0573"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/influxdb-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2019-05-31/#SECURITY-1403"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/05/31/2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/108540"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Plaintext password storage in Jenkins InfluxDB Plugin"
}

GHSA-RVG6-X7VP-P27Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-27 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-01 21:30
VLAI
Details

Exposure of credentials in unintended requests in Devolutions Server.This issue affects Server: through 2025.2.20, through 2025.3.8.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-13758"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-27T16:15:47Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "Exposure of credentials in unintended requests in Devolutions Server.This issue affects Server: through 2025.2.20, through 2025.3.8.",
  "id": "GHSA-rvg6-x7vp-p27q",
  "modified": "2025-12-01T21:30:25Z",
  "published": "2025-11-27T18:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-13758"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://devolutions.net/security/advisories/DEVO-2025-0018"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RVMC-GF2Q-J9MW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-14 03:31 – Updated: 2026-04-29 21:31
VLAI
Details

Information Disclosure Vulnerability in SAP HANA Cockpit and HANA Database Explorer

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-34262"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-14T01:16:04Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Information Disclosure Vulnerability in SAP HANA Cockpit and HANA Database Explorer",
  "id": "GHSA-rvmc-gf2q-j9mw",
  "modified": "2026-04-29T21:31:21Z",
  "published": "2026-04-14T03:31:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-34262"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3730639"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2026/Apr/16"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-RVP4-R3G6-8HXQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-20 22:33 – Updated: 2023-08-08 20:30
VLAI
Summary
Insufficiently Protected Credentials via Insecure Temporary File in org.apache.nifi:nifi-single-user-utils
Details

Impact

org.apache.nifi.authentication.single.user.writer.StandardLoginCredentialsWriter contains a local information disclosure vulnerability due to writing credentials (username and password) to a file that is readable by all other users on unix-like systems. On unix-like systems, the system's temporary directory is shared between all users on that system. As such, files written to that directory without setting the correct file permissions can allow other users on that system to view the contents of the files written to those temporary files.

Source

An insecure temporary file is created here: - https://github.com/apache/nifi/blob/6a1c7c72d5b91b9ce5d5cb5b86e3155d21e2c19b/nifi-commons/nifi-single-user-utils/src/main/java/org/apache/nifi/authentication/single/user/writer/StandardLoginCredentialsWriter.java#L75

The username and password credentials are written to this file here: - https://github.com/apache/nifi/blob/6a1c7c72d5b91b9ce5d5cb5b86e3155d21e2c19b/nifi-commons/nifi-single-user-utils/src/main/java/org/apache/nifi/authentication/single/user/writer/StandardLoginCredentialsWriter.java#L85-L95

Patches

The vulnerability has been patched in version 1.16.

Prerequisites

This vulnerability impacts Unix-like systems, and very old versions of Mac OSX and Windows as they all share the system temporary directory between all users.

Workarounds

Setting the java.io.tmpdir system environment variable to a directory that is exclusively owned by the executing user will fix this vulnerability for all operating systems.

References

  • https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/NIFI-9785
  • https://github.com/apache/nifi/commit/859d5fe
  • https://github.com/apache/nifi/pull/5856
  • https://nifi.apache.org/security.html#CVE-2022-26850
  • https://twitter.com/JLLeitschuh/status/1511736635645435904?s=20&t=I3w3zF6Y2DUvWYsEFqERjg
Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.15.3"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.apache.nifi:nifi-single-user-utils"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.16"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-26850"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-20T22:33:41Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-04-06T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\n`org.apache.nifi.authentication.single.user.writer.StandardLoginCredentialsWriter` contains a local information disclosure vulnerability due to writing credentials (username and password) to a file that is readable by all other users on unix-like systems. On unix-like systems, the system\u0027s temporary directory is shared between all users on that system. As such, files written to that directory without setting the correct file permissions can allow other users on that system to view the contents of the files written to those temporary files.\n\n### Source\n\nAn insecure temporary file is created here:\n - https://github.com/apache/nifi/blob/6a1c7c72d5b91b9ce5d5cb5b86e3155d21e2c19b/nifi-commons/nifi-single-user-utils/src/main/java/org/apache/nifi/authentication/single/user/writer/StandardLoginCredentialsWriter.java#L75\n\nThe username and password credentials are written to this file here:\n - https://github.com/apache/nifi/blob/6a1c7c72d5b91b9ce5d5cb5b86e3155d21e2c19b/nifi-commons/nifi-single-user-utils/src/main/java/org/apache/nifi/authentication/single/user/writer/StandardLoginCredentialsWriter.java#L85-L95\n\n### Patches\n\nThe vulnerability has been patched in version `1.16`.\n\n### Prerequisites\n\nThis vulnerability impacts Unix-like systems, and very old versions of Mac OSX and Windows as they all share the system temporary directory between all users.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nSetting the `java.io.tmpdir` system environment variable to a directory that is exclusively owned by the executing user will fix this vulnerability for all operating systems.\n\n### References\n\n - https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/NIFI-9785\n - https://github.com/apache/nifi/commit/859d5fe\n - https://github.com/apache/nifi/pull/5856\n - https://nifi.apache.org/security.html#CVE-2022-26850\n - https://twitter.com/JLLeitschuh/status/1511736635645435904?s=20\u0026t=I3w3zF6Y2DUvWYsEFqERjg",
  "id": "GHSA-rvp4-r3g6-8hxq",
  "modified": "2023-08-08T20:30:32Z",
  "published": "2022-06-20T22:33:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/JLLeitschuh/security-research/security/advisories/GHSA-rvp4-r3g6-8hxq"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-26850"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/nifi/commit/859d5fe"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/apache/nifi/commit/859d5fe8cfe05ad24600b021f0ebf15753a8105c"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nifi.apache.org/security.html#CVE-2022-26850"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/04/06/2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Insufficiently Protected Credentials via Insecure Temporary File in org.apache.nifi:nifi-single-user-utils"
}

GHSA-RVRM-XGHC-86WR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-17 18:31 – Updated: 2024-10-17 18:31
VLAI
Details

The affected product is vulnerable due to insufficiently protected credentials, which may allow an attacker to impersonate Elvaco and send false information.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-49396"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-17T17:15:12Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The affected product is vulnerable due to insufficiently protected credentials, which may allow an attacker to impersonate Elvaco and send false information.",
  "id": "GHSA-rvrm-xghc-86wr",
  "modified": "2024-10-17T18:31:36Z",
  "published": "2024-10-17T18:31:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-49396"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/ics-advisories/icsa-24-291-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).

CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking

Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.

CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft

An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.

CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation

An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.

CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting

Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials

This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.

CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.

CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.

CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing

An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.

CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.

CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)

An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.

CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.

CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.