CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
7803 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-4HRG-5RWG-FX9H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 03:25 – Updated: 2022-05-17 03:25EMC RSA SecurID Web Agent before 8.0 allows physically proximate attackers to bypass the privacy-screen protection mechanism by leveraging an unattended workstation and running DOM Inspector.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2015-6851"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2015-12-23T03:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "EMC RSA SecurID Web Agent before 8.0 allows physically proximate attackers to bypass the privacy-screen protection mechanism by leveraging an unattended workstation and running DOM Inspector.",
"id": "GHSA-4hrg-5rwg-fx9h",
"modified": "2022-05-17T03:25:56Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T03:25:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-6851"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/135013/RSA-SecurID-Web-Agent-Authentication-Bypass.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/bugtraq/2015/Dec/115"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/79646"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1034510"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HRX-7C6V-V9V5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-09 18:30 – Updated: 2025-05-10 03:30An issue in Victure RX1800 EN_V1.0.0_r12_110933 allows physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary code or gain root access.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-28201"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-09T16:15:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Victure RX1800 EN_V1.0.0_r12_110933 allows physically proximate attackers to execute arbitrary code or gain root access.",
"id": "GHSA-4hrx-7c6v-v9v5",
"modified": "2025-05-10T03:30:22Z",
"published": "2025-05-09T18:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-28201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pwnit.io/2025/02/13/finding-vulnerabilities-in-wi-fi-router"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HX4-27HM-QV3C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-21 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-21 18:31On N-central, it is possible for any authenticated user to read, write and modify syslog configuration across customers on an N-central server. This vulnerability is present in all deployments of N-central prior to 2025.2.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-7051"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-08-21T18:15:37Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "On N-central, it is possible for any authenticated user to read, write and modify syslog configuration across customers on an N-central server. This vulnerability is present in all deployments of N-central prior to 2025.2.",
"id": "GHSA-4hx4-27hm-qv3c",
"modified": "2025-08-21T18:31:29Z",
"published": "2025-08-21T18:31:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-7051"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://documentation.n-able.com/N-central/Release_Notes/GA/Content/N-central_2025.2_Release_Notes.htm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HX4-9MQM-8P6R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:50 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:14Cloudera Manager through 5.15 has Incorrect Access Control.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-11744"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-11T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Cloudera Manager through 5.15 has Incorrect Access Control.",
"id": "GHSA-4hx4-9mqm-8p6r",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:14:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:50:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-11744"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cloudera.com/documentation/other/security-bulletins/topics/Security-Bulletin.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cloudera.com/documentation/other/security-bulletins/topics/Security-Bulletin.html#cloudera_manager"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4HXG-J85V-C3GQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Vulnerability in the Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are V15 and V16. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTPS to compromise Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-46902"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T10:54:07Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework product of Oracle E-Business Suite (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are V15 and V16. Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTPS to compromise Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Enterprise Command Center Framework. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 9.8 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-4hxg-j85v-c3gq",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:36Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-46902"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cspujun2026.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4J43-22VC-MH3H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:14 – Updated: 2025-04-12 12:59The canonicalize_username function in svnserve/cyrus_auth.c in Apache Subversion before 1.8.16 and 1.9.x before 1.9.4, when Cyrus SASL authentication is used, allows remote attackers to authenticate and bypass intended access restrictions via a realm string that is a prefix of an expected repository realm string.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-2167"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-05-05T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The canonicalize_username function in svnserve/cyrus_auth.c in Apache Subversion before 1.8.16 and 1.9.x before 1.9.4, when Cyrus SASL authentication is used, allows remote attackers to authenticate and bypass intended access restrictions via a realm string that is a prefix of an expected repository realm string.",
"id": "GHSA-4j43-22vc-mh3h",
"modified": "2025-04-12T12:59:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:14:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2167"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201610-05"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.fedoraproject.org/pipermail/package-announce/2016-May/184545.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-05/msg00043.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2016-05/msg00044.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/subversion-announce/201604.mbox/%3CCAP_GPNgJet+7_MAhomFVOXPgLtewcUw9w=k9zdPCkq5tvPxVMA%40mail.gmail.com%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/subversion-announce/201604.mbox/%3CCAP_GPNgJet+7_MAhomFVOXPgLtewcUw9w=k9zdPCkq5tvPxVMA@mail.gmail.com%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/subversion-announce/201604.mbox/%3CCAP_GPNgfn1iKueW51EpmXzXi_URNfGNofZSgOyW1_jnSeNm5DQ%40mail.gmail.com%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://mail-archives.apache.org/mod_mbox/subversion-announce/201604.mbox/%3CCAP_GPNgfn1iKueW51EpmXzXi_URNfGNofZSgOyW1_jnSeNm5DQ@mail.gmail.com%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://subversion.apache.org/security/CVE-2016-2167-advisory.txt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.debian.org/security/2016/dsa-3561"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/89417"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1035706"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.slackware.com/security/viewer.php?l=slackware-security\u0026y=2016\u0026m=slackware-security.417496"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4JHW-C53W-W5R7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-21 18:31 – Updated: 2025-03-24 16:04Insecure permissions in pipecd v0.49 allow attackers to gain access to the service account's token, leading to escalation of privileges.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/pipe-cd/pipecd"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.49.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-53351"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-276",
"CWE-284",
"CWE-732"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-21T22:03:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-21T17:15:38Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Insecure permissions in pipecd v0.49 allow attackers to gain access to the service account\u0027s token, leading to escalation of privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-4jhw-c53w-w5r7",
"modified": "2025-03-24T16:04:17Z",
"published": "2025-03-21T18:31:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53351"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/HouqiyuA/948a808b8bd48b17b37a4d5e0b6fb005"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pipe-cd/pipecd"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pipecd.dev"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "PipeCD Vulnerable to Privilege Escalation"
}
GHSA-4JM3-PFPF-H54P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2017-10-24 18:33 – Updated: 2023-01-25 22:57The espeak-ruby gem before 1.0.3 for Ruby allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a string to the speak, save, bytes or bytes_wav method in lib/espeak/speech.rb.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "espeak-ruby"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-10193"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-06-16T20:58:29Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The espeak-ruby gem before 1.0.3 for Ruby allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary commands via shell metacharacters in a string to the `speak`, `save`, `bytes` or `bytes_wav` method in `lib/espeak/speech.rb`.",
"id": "GHSA-4jm3-pfpf-h54p",
"modified": "2023-01-25T22:57:24Z",
"published": "2017-10-24T18:33:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-10193"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dejan/espeak-ruby/issues/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dejan/espeak-ruby/commit/5251744b13bdd9fb0c72c612226e72d330bac143"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/dejan/espeak-ruby"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/espeak-ruby/CVE-2016-10193.yml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/01/31/14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2017/02/02/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "espeak-ruby allows arbitrary command execution"
}
GHSA-4JR8-64GC-WQQX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 12:32 – Updated: 2025-10-15 15:30In version 1.5.5 of lunary-ai/lunary, a vulnerability exists where admins, who do not have direct permissions to access billing resources, can change the permissions of existing users to include billing permissions. This can lead to a privilege escalation scenario where an administrator can manage billing, effectively bypassing the intended role-based access control. Only users with the 'owner' role should be allowed to invite members with billing permissions. This flaw allows admins to circumvent those restrictions, gaining unauthorized access and control over billing information, posing a risk to the organization’s financial resources.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-10275"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-863"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T10:15:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In version 1.5.5 of lunary-ai/lunary, a vulnerability exists where admins, who do not have direct permissions to access billing resources, can change the permissions of existing users to include billing permissions. This can lead to a privilege escalation scenario where an administrator can manage billing, effectively bypassing the intended role-based access control. Only users with the \u0027owner\u0027 role should be allowed to invite members with billing permissions. This flaw allows admins to circumvent those restrictions, gaining unauthorized access and control over billing information, posing a risk to the organization\u2019s financial resources.",
"id": "GHSA-4jr8-64gc-wqqx",
"modified": "2025-10-15T15:30:22Z",
"published": "2025-03-20T12:32:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10275"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/lunary-ai/lunary/commit/8ba1b8ba2c2c30b1cec30eb5777c1fda670cbbfc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/863ee34b-c4c6-4325-bf7a-82a7feebf88f"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4JXH-294H-XRM7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:08 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:08Mozilla Firefox before 47.0 allows remote attackers to spoof permission notifications via a crafted web site that rapidly triggers permission requests, as demonstrated by the microphone permission or the geolocation permission.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-2829"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2016-06-13T10:59:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Mozilla Firefox before 47.0 allows remote attackers to spoof permission notifications via a crafted web site that rapidly triggers permission requests, as demonstrated by the microphone permission or the geolocation permission.",
"id": "GHSA-4jxh-294h-xrm7",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:08:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:08:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2829"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1248329"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-06/msg00014.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2016-06/msg00016.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.mozilla.org/security/announce/2016/mfsa2016-57.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036057"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ubuntu.com/usn/USN-2993-1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.