Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-284
DiscouragedImproper Access Control
Abstraction: Pillar · Status: Incomplete
The product does not restrict or incorrectly restricts access to a resource from an unauthorized actor.
7802 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2020-3122 (GCVE-0-2020-3122)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-04 18:22 – Updated: 2025-03-04 18:27
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Cisco Content Security Management Appliance Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the web-based management interface of Cisco AsyncOS for Cisco Content Security Management Appliance (SMA) could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to obtain sensitive network information.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cisco | Cisco IronPort Security Management Appliance |
Affected:
N/A
|
|
| Cisco | Cisco Secure Email and Web Manager |
Affected:
11.0.0(Ritz)-128
|
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CVE-2020-2506 (GCVE-0-2020-2506)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-02-03 15:51 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
improper access control vulnerability in Helpdesk
Summary
The vulnerability have been reported to affect earlier versions of QTS. If exploited, this improper access control vulnerability could allow attackers to compromise the security of the software by gaining privileges, or reading sensitive information. This issue affects: QNAP Systems Inc. Helpdesk versions prior to 3.0.3.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: active
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.qnap.com/zh-tw/security-advisory/qsa-20-08 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit… | government-resource |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | Helpdesk |
Affected:
unspecified , < 3.0.3
(custom)
|
Date Public
2020-10-07 00:00
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CVE-2020-2504 (GCVE-0-2020-2504)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-12-24 01:39 – Updated: 2024-09-17 00:25
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Absolute path traversal vulnerability in QES
Summary
If exploited, this absolute path traversal vulnerability could allow attackers to traverse files in File Station. QNAP has already fixed these issues in QES 2.1.1 Build 20201006 and later.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.qnap.com/zh-tw/security-advisory/qsa-20-17 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QES |
Affected:
unspecified , < 2.1.1
(custom)
|
Date Public
2020-12-23 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2020-2500 (GCVE-0-2020-2500)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-07-01 15:53 – Updated: 2024-08-04 07:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
This improper access control vulnerability in Helpdesk allows attackers to get control of QNAP Kayako service. Attackers can access the sensitive data on QNAP Kayako server with API keys. We have replaced the API key to mitigate the vulnerability, and already fixed the issue in Helpdesk 3.0.1 and later versions.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.qnap.com/zh-tw/security-advisory/qsa-20-03 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | Helpdesk |
Affected:
unspecified , < 3.0.1
(custom)
|
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CVE-2020-2025 (GCVE-0-2020-2025)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-05-19 21:05 – Updated: 2024-09-16 19:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Kata Containers - Cloud Hypervisor guests persist filesystem changes to the underlying host image file
Summary
Kata Containers before 1.11.0 on Cloud Hypervisor persists guest filesystem changes to the underlying image file on the host. A malicious guest can overwrite the image file to gain control of all subsequent guest VMs. Since Kata Containers uses the same VM image file with all VMMs, this issue may also affect QEMU and Firecracker based guests.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/kata-containers/runtime/pull/2487 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kata Containers | Kata Containers |
Affected:
unspecified , < 1.11.0
(custom)
|
Date Public
2020-05-19 00:00
Credits
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CVE-2020-1754 (GCVE-0-2020-1754)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-08-05 15:21 – Updated: 2026-06-23 14:40
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
In Moodle before 3.8.2, 3.7.5, 3.6.9 and 3.5.11, users viewing the grade history report without the 'access all groups' capability were not restricted to viewing grades of users within their own groups.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://moodle.org/mod/forum/discuss.php?d=398350 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
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CVE-2020-1732 (GCVE-0-2020-1732)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-05-04 16:43 – Updated: 2024-08-04 06:46
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
A flaw was found in Soteria before 1.0.1, in a way that multiple requests occurring concurrently causing security identity corruption across concurrent threads when using EE Security with WildFly Elytron which can lead to the possibility of being handled using the identity from another request.
Severity
4.2 (Medium)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/wildfly-security/soteria/commi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2020-1666 (GCVE-0-2020-1666)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-10-16 20:31 – Updated: 2024-09-16 23:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Junos OS Evolved: 'console log-out-on-disconnect' fails to terminate session on console cable disconnection
Summary
The system console configuration option 'log-out-on-disconnect' In Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved fails to log out an active CLI session when the console cable is disconnected. This could allow a malicious attacker with physical access to the console the ability to resume a previous interactive session and possibly gain administrative privileges. This issue affects all Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved versions after 18.4R1-EVO, prior to 20.2R1-EVO.
Severity
6.6 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://kb.juniper.net/JSA11063 | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS Evolved |
Affected:
unspecified , < 20.2R1-EVO
(custom)
Unaffected: unspecified , < 18.4R1-EVO (custom) |
Date Public
2020-10-14 00:00
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CVE-2020-1604 (GCVE-0-2020-1604)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-01-15 08:40 – Updated: 2024-09-16 16:43
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Junos OS: EX4300/EX4600/QFX3500/QFX5100 Series: Stateless IP firewall filter may fail to evaluate certain packets
Summary
On EX4300, EX4600, QFX3500, and QFX5100 Series, a vulnerability in the IP firewall filter component may cause the firewall filter evaluation of certain packets to fail. This issue only affects firewall filter evaluation of certain packets destined to the device Routing Engine (RE). This issue does not affect the Layer 2 firewall filter evaluation nor does it affect the Layer 3 firewall filter evaluation destined to connected hosts. This issue may occur when evaluating both IPv4 or IPv6 packets. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS: 14.1X53 versions prior to 14.1X53-D12 on QFX5100 Series and EX4600 Series; 14.1X53 versions prior to 14.1X53-D52 on QFX3500 Series; 14.1X53 versions prior to 14.1X53-D48 on EX4300 Series; 15.1 versions prior to 15.1R7-S3 on EX4300 Series; 16.1 versions prior to 16.1R7 on EX4300 Series; 17.1 versions prior to 17.1R3 on EX4300 Series; 17.2 versions prior to 17.2R3 on EX4300 Series; 17.3 versions prior to 17.3R2-S5, 17.3R3 on EX4300 Series; 17.4 versions prior to 17.4R2 on EX4300 Series; 18.1 versions prior to 18.1R3 on EX4300 Series; 18.2 versions prior to 18.2R2 on EX4300 Series.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-284 - Improper Access Control
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://kb.juniper.net/JSA10983 | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
14.1X53 , < 14.1X53-D12
(custom)
|
|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
14.1X53 , < 14.1X53-D52
(custom)
|
|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
14.1X53 , < 14.1X53-D48
(custom)
Affected: 15.1 , < 15.1R7-S3 (custom) Affected: 16.1 , < 16.1R7 (custom) Affected: 17.1 , < 17.1R3 (custom) Affected: 17.2 , < 17.2R3 (custom) Affected: 17.3 , < 17.3R2-S5, 17.3R3 (custom) Affected: 17.4 , < 17.4R2 (custom) Affected: 18.1 , < 18.1R3 (custom) Affected: 18.2 , < 18.2R2 (custom) |
Date Public
2020-01-08 00:00
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CVE-2019-25157 (GCVE-0-2019-25157)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-12-19 02:00 – Updated: 2024-08-05 03:00
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Ethex Contracts Monthly Jackpot EthexJackpot.sol access control
Summary
A vulnerability was found in Ethex Contracts. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the file EthexJackpot.sol of the component Monthly Jackpot Handler. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. This product does not use versioning. This is why information about affected and unaffected releases are unavailable. The patch is named 6b8664b698d3d953e16c284fadc6caeb9e58e3db. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-248271.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
4.3 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-284 - Improper Access Controls
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.248271 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.248271 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5120151.m… | related |
| https://github.com/ethex-bet/ethex-contracts/comm… | patch |
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"value": "A vulnerability was found in Ethex Contracts. It has been classified as critical. This affects an unknown part of the file EthexJackpot.sol of the component Monthly Jackpot Handler. The manipulation leads to improper access controls. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. This product does not use versioning. This is why information about affected and unaffected releases are unavailable. The patch is named 6b8664b698d3d953e16c284fadc6caeb9e58e3db. It is recommended to apply a patch to fix this issue. The associated identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-248271."
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{
"lang": "de",
"value": "Es wurde eine Schwachstelle in Ethex Contracts ausgemacht. Sie wurde als kritisch eingestuft. Hiervon betroffen ist ein unbekannter Codeblock der Datei EthexJackpot.sol der Komponente Monthly Jackpot Handler. Dank Manipulation mit unbekannten Daten kann eine improper access controls-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Der Angriff kann \u00fcber das Netzwerk angegangen werden. Dieses Produkt setzt Rolling Releases ein. Aus diesem Grund sind Details zu betroffenen oder zu aktualisierende Versionen nicht verf\u00fcgbar. Der Patch wird als 6b8664b698d3d953e16c284fadc6caeb9e58e3db bezeichnet. Als bestm\u00f6gliche Massnahme wird Patching empfohlen."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 4.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_0": {
"baseScore": 4.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV2_0": {
"baseScore": 4,
"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:P/A:N",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-284",
"description": "CWE-284 Improper Access Controls",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2023-12-19T02:00:06.151Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vdb-entry"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.248271"
},
{
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.248271"
},
{
"tags": [
"related"
],
"url": "https://bitcointalk.org/index.php?topic=5120151.msg50827730#msg50827730"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/ethex-bet/ethex-contracts/commit/6b8664b698d3d953e16c284fadc6caeb9e58e3db"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2019-04-27T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2019-06-26T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Countermeasure disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2023-12-17T01:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2023-12-17T09:50:52.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "Ethex Contracts Monthly Jackpot EthexJackpot.sol access control"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2019-25157",
"datePublished": "2023-12-19T02:00:06.151Z",
"dateReserved": "2023-12-17T08:45:34.739Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T03:00:19.291Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
Mitigation MIT-1
Architecture and Design
Operation
Very carefully manage the setting, management, and handling of privileges. Explicitly manage trust zones in the software.
Mitigation MIT-46
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Separation of Privilege
- Compartmentalize the system to have "safe" areas where trust boundaries can be unambiguously drawn. Do not allow sensitive data to go outside of the trust boundary and always be careful when interfacing with a compartment outside of the safe area.
- Ensure that appropriate compartmentalization is built into the system design, and the compartmentalization allows for and reinforces privilege separation functionality. Architects and designers should rely on the principle of least privilege to decide the appropriate time to use privileges and the time to drop privileges.
CAPEC-19: Embedding Scripts within Scripts
An adversary leverages the capability to execute their own script by embedding it within other scripts that the target software is likely to execute due to programs' vulnerabilities that are brought on by allowing remote hosts to execute scripts.
CAPEC-441: Malicious Logic Insertion
An adversary installs or adds malicious logic (also known as malware) into a seemingly benign component of a fielded system. This logic is often hidden from the user of the system and works behind the scenes to achieve negative impacts. With the proliferation of mass digital storage and inexpensive multimedia devices, Bluetooth and 802.11 support, new attack vectors for spreading malware are emerging for things we once thought of as innocuous greeting cards, picture frames, or digital projectors. This pattern of attack focuses on systems already fielded and used in operation as opposed to systems and their components that are still under development and part of the supply chain.
CAPEC-478: Modification of Windows Service Configuration
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to modify the execution parameters of a Windows service. The goal of this attack is to execute a malicious binary in place of an existing service.
CAPEC-479: Malicious Root Certificate
An adversary exploits a weakness in authorization and installs a new root certificate on a compromised system. Certificates are commonly used for establishing secure TLS/SSL communications within a web browser. When a user attempts to browse a website that presents a certificate that is not trusted an error message will be displayed to warn the user of the security risk. Depending on the security settings, the browser may not allow the user to establish a connection to the website. Adversaries have used this technique to avoid security warnings prompting users when compromised systems connect over HTTPS to adversary controlled web servers that spoof legitimate websites in order to collect login credentials.
CAPEC-502: Intent Spoof
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, issues an intent directed toward a specific trusted application's component in an attempt to achieve a variety of different objectives including modification of data, information disclosure, and data injection. Components that have been unintentionally exported and made public are subject to this type of an attack. If the component trusts the intent's action without verififcation, then the target application performs the functionality at the adversary's request, helping the adversary achieve the desired negative technical impact.
CAPEC-503: WebView Exposure
An adversary, through a malicious web page, accesses application specific functionality by leveraging interfaces registered through WebView's addJavascriptInterface API. Once an interface is registered to WebView through addJavascriptInterface, it becomes global and all pages loaded in the WebView can call this interface.
CAPEC-536: Data Injected During Configuration
An attacker with access to data files and processes on a victim's system injects malicious data into critical operational data during configuration or recalibration, causing the victim's system to perform in a suboptimal manner that benefits the adversary.
CAPEC-546: Incomplete Data Deletion in a Multi-Tenant Environment
An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to insecure or incomplete data deletion in a multi-tenant environment. If a cloud provider fails to completely delete storage and data from former cloud tenants' systems/resources, once these resources are allocated to new, potentially malicious tenants, the latter can probe the provided resources for sensitive information still there.
CAPEC-550: Install New Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Adversaries may install a new service which will be executed at startup (on a Windows system, by modifying the registry). The service name may be disguised by using a name from a related operating system or benign software. Services are usually run with elevated privileges.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-552: Install Rootkit
An adversary exploits a weakness in authentication to install malware that alters the functionality and information provide by targeted operating system API calls. Often referred to as rootkits, it is often used to hide the presence of programs, files, network connections, services, drivers, and other system components.
CAPEC-556: Replace File Extension Handlers
When a file is opened, its file handler is checked to determine which program opens the file. File handlers are configuration properties of many operating systems. Applications can modify the file handler for a given file extension to call an arbitrary program when a file with the given extension is opened.
CAPEC-558: Replace Trusted Executable
An adversary exploits weaknesses in privilege management or access control to replace a trusted executable with a malicious version and enable the execution of malware when that trusted executable is called.
CAPEC-562: Modify Shared File
An adversary manipulates the files in a shared location by adding malicious programs, scripts, or exploit code to valid content. Once a user opens the shared content, the tainted content is executed.
CAPEC-563: Add Malicious File to Shared Webroot
An adversaries may add malicious content to a website through the open file share and then browse to that content with a web browser to cause the server to execute the content. The malicious content will typically run under the context and permissions of the web server process, often resulting in local system or administrative privileges depending on how the web server is configured.
CAPEC-564: Run Software at Logon
Operating system allows logon scripts to be run whenever a specific user or users logon to a system. If adversaries can access these scripts, they may insert additional code into the logon script. This code can allow them to maintain persistence or move laterally within an enclave because it is executed every time the affected user or users logon to a computer. Modifying logon scripts can effectively bypass workstation and enclave firewalls. Depending on the access configuration of the logon scripts, either local credentials or a remote administrative account may be necessary.
CAPEC-578: Disable Security Software
An adversary exploits a weakness in access control to disable security tools so that detection does not occur. This can take the form of killing processes, deleting registry keys so that tools do not start at run time, deleting log files, or other methods.