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Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-131

Allowed

Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product does not correctly calculate the size to be used when allocating a buffer, which could lead to a buffer overflow.

296 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-27820 (GCVE-0-2026-27820)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-16 17:27 – Updated: 2026-04-16 18:20
VLAI
Title
zlib: Buffer Overflow in Zlib::GzipReader ungetc via large input leads to memory corruption
Summary
zlib is a Ruby interface for the zlib compression/decompression library. Versions 3.0.0 and below, 3.1.0, 3.1.1, 3.2.0 and 3.2.1 contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in the Zlib::GzipReader. The zstream_buffer_ungets function prepends caller-provided bytes ahead of previously produced output but fails to guarantee the backing Ruby string has enough capacity before the memmove shifts the existing data. This can lead to memory corruption when the buffer length exceeds capacity. This issue has been fixed in versions 3.0.1, 3.1.2 and 3.2.3.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-16 18:20 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-120 - Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ruby zlib Affected: < 3.0.1
Affected: >= 3.1.0, < 3.1.2
Affected: >= 3.2.0, < 3.2.3
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-22791 (GCVE-0-2026-22791)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-13 19:06 – Updated: 2026-01-13 19:44
VLAI
Title
openCryptoki incorrectly calculates the buffer size in C_WrapKey with CKM_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP
Summary
openCryptoki is a PKCS#11 library and tools for Linux and AIX. In 3.25.0 and 3.26.0, there is a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in the CKM_ECDH_AES_KEY_WRAP implementation allows an attacker with local access to cause out-of-bounds writes in the host process by supplying a compressed EC public key and invoking C_WrapKey. This can lead to heap corruption, or denial-of-service.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-13 19:43 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
opencryptoki opencryptoki Affected: >= 3.25.0, <= 3.26.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-22590 (GCVE-0-2026-22590)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-09 15:43 – Updated: 2026-09-09 16:08
VLAI
Title
Fast-DDS Discovery Server: Out-of-Bounds Read & Heap Memory Disclosure via DATA_FRAG  sampleSize / fragmentsInSubmessage
Summary
eprosima Fast DDS is a C++ implementation of the DDS (Data Distribution Service) standard of the OMG (Object Management Group). Versions prior to 2.6.12, 2.14.6, 3.2.4, 3.3.1, and 3.4.2 have a remotely triggerable Out-of-Bounds Read while processing RTPS `DATA_FRAG` submessages. An attacker can craft a `DATA_FRAG` with a large `sampleSize` but a small actual payload, and set `fragmentsInSubmessage` such that the receiver treats the packet as the LAST fragment**. In this LAST-fragment path, Fast-DDS computes `incoming_length` based on `sampleSize` and calls `memcpy()` without validating `incoming_data.length >= incoming_length`. As a result, `CacheChange_t::add_fragments()` reads past the received UDP datagram buffer and into adjacent heap memory, copying those bytes into the reassembly buffer. In a Discovery Server deployment, the resulting `CacheChange_t` can be relayed to other participants, meaning that a newly joining participant may receive leaked heap memory (e.g., pointer values that could aid ASLR bypass). Versions 2.6.12, 2.14.6, 3.2.4, 3.3.1, and 3.4.2 fix the issue.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-09 16:08 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
eProsima Fast-DDS Affected: < 2.6.12
Affected: >= 2.7.0, < 2.14.6
Affected: >= 3.0.0, < 3.2.4
Affected: >= 3.3.0, < 3.3.1
Affected: >= 3.4.0, < 3.4.2
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-21503 (GCVE-0-2026-21503)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-07 17:10 – Updated: 2026-01-07 21:53
VLAI
Title
iccDEV has Undefined Behavior - Null Pointer Passed to memcpy() in CIccTagSparseMatrixArray
Summary
iccDEV provides a set of libraries and tools that allow for the interaction, manipulation, and application of ICC color management profiles. Prior to version 2.3.1.2, iccDEV has undefined behavior due to a null pointer passed to memcpy() in CIccTagSparseMatrixArray. This issue has been patched in version 2.3.1.2.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-01-07 21:53 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-20 - Improper Input Validation
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
  • CWE-476 - NULL Pointer Dereference
  • CWE-628 - Function Call with Incorrectly Specified Arguments
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-20911 (GCVE-0-2026-20911)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-07 13:49 – Updated: 2026-07-15 01:20
VLAI
Summary
A heap-based buffer overflow vulnerability exists in the HuffTable::initval functionality of LibRaw Commit 0b56545 and Commit d20315b. A specially crafted malicious file can lead to a heap buffer overflow. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-07 00:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
  • CWE-120 - Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
LibRaw LibRaw Affected: Commit 0b56545
Affected: Commit d20315b
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8
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Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9
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Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-20049 (GCVE-0-2026-20049)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-04 17:22 – Updated: 2026-03-04 20:55
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability in the processing of Galois/Counter Mode (GCM)-encrypted Internet Key Exchange version 2 (IKEv2) IPsec traffic of Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, remote attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to the allocation of an insufficiently sized block of memory. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending crafted GCM-encrypted IPsec traffic to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause an unexpected reload of the device, resulting in a DoS condition. To exploit this vulnerability, the attacker must have valid credentials to establish a VPN connection with the affected device.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-03-04 20:54 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco Secure Firewall Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software Affected: 9.12.4.7
Affected: 9.12.4.10
Affected: 9.12.4.13
Affected: 9.12.4.8
Affected: 9.12.4.18
Affected: 9.12.4.24
Affected: 9.12.4.26
Affected: 9.12.4.29
Affected: 9.12.4.30
Affected: 9.12.4.35
Affected: 9.12.4.37
Affected: 9.12.4.38
Affected: 9.12.4.39
Affected: 9.12.4.40
Affected: 9.12.4.41
Affected: 9.12.4.47
Affected: 9.12.4.48
Affected: 9.12.4.50
Affected: 9.12.4.52
Affected: 9.12.4.54
Affected: 9.12.4.55
Affected: 9.12.4.56
Affected: 9.12.4.58
Affected: 9.12.4.62
Affected: 9.12.4.65
Affected: 9.12.4.67
Affected: 9.16.1
Affected: 9.16.1.28
Affected: 9.16.2
Affected: 9.16.2.3
Affected: 9.16.2.7
Affected: 9.16.2.11
Affected: 9.16.2.13
Affected: 9.16.2.14
Affected: 9.16.3
Affected: 9.16.3.3
Affected: 9.16.3.14
Affected: 9.16.3.15
Affected: 9.16.3.19
Affected: 9.16.3.23
Affected: 9.16.4
Affected: 9.16.4.9
Affected: 9.16.4.14
Affected: 9.16.4.19
Affected: 9.16.4.27
Affected: 9.16.4.38
Affected: 9.16.4.39
Affected: 9.16.4.42
Affected: 9.16.4.48
Affected: 9.16.4.55
Affected: 9.16.4.57
Affected: 9.16.4.61
Affected: 9.16.4.62
Affected: 9.16.4.67
Affected: 9.16.4.70
Affected: 9.16.4.71
Affected: 9.16.4.76
Affected: 9.16.4.82
Affected: 9.16.4.84
Affected: 9.17.1
Affected: 9.17.1.7
Affected: 9.17.1.9
Affected: 9.17.1.10
Affected: 9.17.1.11
Affected: 9.17.1.13
Affected: 9.17.1.15
Affected: 9.17.1.20
Affected: 9.17.1.30
Affected: 9.17.1.33
Affected: 9.17.1.39
Affected: 9.17.1.45
Affected: 9.17.1.46
Affected: 9.18.1
Affected: 9.18.1.3
Affected: 9.18.2
Affected: 9.18.2.5
Affected: 9.18.2.7
Affected: 9.18.2.8
Affected: 9.18.3
Affected: 9.18.3.39
Affected: 9.18.3.46
Affected: 9.18.3.53
Affected: 9.18.3.55
Affected: 9.18.3.56
Affected: 9.18.4
Affected: 9.18.4.5
Affected: 9.18.4.8
Affected: 9.18.4.22
Affected: 9.18.4.24
Affected: 9.18.4.29
Affected: 9.18.4.34
Affected: 9.18.4.40
Affected: 9.18.4.47
Affected: 9.18.4.50
Affected: 9.18.4.52
Affected: 9.18.4.53
Affected: 9.18.4.57
Affected: 9.19.1
Affected: 9.19.1.5
Affected: 9.19.1.9
Affected: 9.19.1.12
Affected: 9.19.1.18
Affected: 9.19.1.22
Affected: 9.19.1.24
Affected: 9.19.1.27
Affected: 9.19.1.28
Affected: 9.19.1.31
Affected: 9.19.1.37
Affected: 9.19.1.38
Affected: 9.19.1.42
Affected: 9.20.1
Affected: 9.20.1.5
Affected: 9.20.2
Affected: 9.20.2.10
Affected: 9.20.2.21
Affected: 9.20.2.22
Affected: 9.20.3
Affected: 9.20.3.4
Affected: 9.20.3.7
Affected: 9.20.3.9
Affected: 9.20.3.10
Affected: 9.20.3.13
Affected: 9.20.3.16
Affected: 9.20.3.20
Affected: 9.22.1.1
Affected: 9.22.1.3
Affected: 9.22.1.2
Affected: 9.22.1.6
Affected: 9.22.2
Affected: 9.23.1
Affected: 9.23.1.3
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Cisco Cisco Secure Firewall Threat Defense (FTD) Software Affected: 6.4.0.10
Affected: 6.4.0.11
Affected: 6.4.0.12
Affected: 6.4.0.13
Affected: 6.4.0.14
Affected: 6.4.0.15
Affected: 6.4.0.16
Affected: 6.4.0.17
Affected: 6.4.0.18
Affected: 7.0.0
Affected: 7.0.0.1
Affected: 7.0.1
Affected: 7.0.1.1
Affected: 7.0.2
Affected: 7.0.2.1
Affected: 7.0.3
Affected: 7.0.4
Affected: 7.0.5
Affected: 7.0.6
Affected: 7.0.6.1
Affected: 7.0.6.2
Affected: 7.0.6.3
Affected: 7.0.7
Affected: 7.0.8
Affected: 7.0.8.1
Affected: 7.1.0
Affected: 7.1.0.1
Affected: 7.1.0.2
Affected: 7.1.0.3
Affected: 7.2.0
Affected: 7.2.0.1
Affected: 7.2.1
Affected: 7.2.2
Affected: 7.2.3
Affected: 7.2.4
Affected: 7.2.4.1
Affected: 7.2.5
Affected: 7.2.5.1
Affected: 7.2.6
Affected: 7.2.7
Affected: 7.2.5.2
Affected: 7.2.8
Affected: 7.2.8.1
Affected: 7.2.9
Affected: 7.2.10
Affected: 7.2.10.2
Affected: 7.3.0
Affected: 7.3.1
Affected: 7.3.1.1
Affected: 7.3.1.2
Affected: 7.4.0
Affected: 7.4.1
Affected: 7.4.1.1
Affected: 7.4.2
Affected: 7.4.2.1
Affected: 7.4.2.2
Affected: 7.4.2.3
Affected: 7.4.2.4
Affected: 7.6.0
Affected: 7.6.1
Affected: 7.6.2
Affected: 7.6.2.1
Affected: 7.7.0
Affected: 7.7.10
Affected: 7.7.10.1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-18743 (GCVE-0-2026-18743)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-09-01 00:57 – Updated: 2026-09-08 22:53
VLAI
Title
Popt-devel: popt-static: short realloc in poptconfigfiletostring
Summary
A flaw was found in popt. This vulnerability allows an attacker to provide specially crafted configuration content to a host, which, when loaded, can lead to a small memory corruption issue. This occurs because of an error in how the `poptConfigFileToString` function reallocates memory for buffers. Successful exploitation could result in heap metadata corruption, potentially causing the affected process to become unavailable (denial of service).
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-09-01 13:18 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
References
URL Tags
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:56984 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-18743 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2510809 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Date Public
2026-08-03 21:13
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-11604 (GCVE-0-2026-11604)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 21:04 – Updated: 2026-06-11 13:27
VLAI
Summary
An incorrect buffer size calculation in the epoch key generator in OpenVPN ovpn-dco-win version 2.0.0 through 2.8.3 allows a remote authenticated peer to trigger a heap-based buffer overflow and kernel memory corruption via a crafted data packet, resulting in a system crash (denial of service).
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-06-11 13:26 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect calculation of buffer size
  • CWE-122 - Heap-based buffer overflow
  • CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds write
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenVPN ovpn-dco-win Affected: 2.0.0 , ≤ 2.5.8 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-2738 (GCVE-0-2026-2738)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-19 20:00 – Updated: 2026-02-20 20:00
VLAI
Summary
Buffer overflow in ovpn‑dco‑win version 2.8.0 allows local attackers to cause a system crash by sending too large packets to the remote peer when the AEAD tag appears at the end of the encrypted packet
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-20 20:00 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
OpenVPN ovpn-dco-win Affected: 2.8.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2026-1949 (GCVE-0-2026-1949)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-04-24 05:50 – Updated: 2026-04-24 15:27
VLAI
Title
Incorrect calculation of buffer size on the stack in AS320T
Summary
Delta Electronics AS320T has incorrect calculation of the buffer size on the stack in the GET/PUT request handler of the web service.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-04-24 15:26 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-131 - Incorrect Calculation of Buffer Size
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
DeltaWW AS320T Affected: 0 , ≤ 1.14 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:deltaww:as320t:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2026-04-24 05:26
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation
Implementation

When allocating a buffer for the purpose of transforming, converting, or encoding an input, allocate enough memory to handle the largest possible encoding. For example, in a routine that converts "&" characters to "&amp;" for HTML entity encoding, the output buffer needs to be at least 5 times as large as the input buffer.

Mitigation MIT-36
Implementation
  • Understand the programming language's underlying representation and how it interacts with numeric calculation (CWE-681). Pay close attention to byte size discrepancies, precision, signed/unsigned distinctions, truncation, conversion and casting between types, "not-a-number" calculations, and how the language handles numbers that are too large or too small for its underlying representation. [REF-7]
  • Also be careful to account for 32-bit, 64-bit, and other potential differences that may affect the numeric representation.
Mitigation MIT-8
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Perform input validation on any numeric input by ensuring that it is within the expected range. Enforce that the input meets both the minimum and maximum requirements for the expected range.

Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design

For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.

Mitigation
Implementation

When processing structured incoming data containing a size field followed by raw data, identify and resolve any inconsistencies between the size field and the actual size of the data (CWE-130).

Mitigation
Implementation

When allocating memory that uses sentinels to mark the end of a data structure - such as NUL bytes in strings - make sure you also include the sentinel in your calculation of the total amount of memory that must be allocated.

Mitigation MIT-13
Implementation

Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use sizeof() on the appropriate data type to avoid CWE-467.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use the appropriate type for the desired action. For example, in C/C++, only use unsigned types for values that could never be negative, such as height, width, or other numbers related to quantity. This will simplify validation and will reduce surprises related to unexpected casting.

Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
  • Use libraries or frameworks that make it easier to handle numbers without unexpected consequences, or buffer allocation routines that automatically track buffer size.
  • Examples include safe integer handling packages such as SafeInt (C++) or IntegerLib (C or C++). [REF-106]
Mitigation MIT-10
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation MIT-11
Operation Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation MIT-12
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation MIT-26
Implementation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Examine compiler warnings closely and eliminate problems with potential security implications, such as signed / unsigned mismatch in memory operations, or use of uninitialized variables. Even if the weakness is rarely exploitable, a single failure may lead to the compromise of the entire system.

Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.

Mitigation MIT-22
Architecture and Design Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers

Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.

CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion

In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.