Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-125

Allowed

Out-of-bounds Read

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product reads data past the end, or before the beginning, of the intended buffer.

11277 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2025-14549 (GCVE-0-2025-14549)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-15 05:32 – Updated: 2025-12-15 16:02
VLAI
Title
OMR on Z processors Exposing a possible buffer over-read problem
Summary
In the Eclipse OMR compiler component, since release 0.7.0, an optimization enabled for Eclipse OpenJ9 consumers of OMR on Z processors incorrectly handles NUL (0x00) characters during the Latin-compatible charset (UTF-8, ISO8859-1, ASCII, etc) to IBM-1047/037 translation sequence. This can cause the output byte array to be truncated, discarding the first NUL byte and all subsequent characters, and thereby exposing a possible buffer over-read problem. This issue is fixed in Eclipse OMR version 0.8.0.
Severity
6.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:L/SI:L/SA:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Eclipse OMR Eclipse OMR Affected: 0.7.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14421 (GCVE-0-2025-14421)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:22 – Updated: 2025-12-31 21:06
VLAI
Title
pdfforge PDF Architect PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
pdfforge PDF Architect PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of pdfforge PDF Architect. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27915.
Severity
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
pdfforge PDF Architect Affected: 9.1.74.23030
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-11 20:36
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14411 (GCVE-0-2025-14411)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:24 – Updated: 2026-01-02 13:30
VLAI
Title
Soda PDF Desktop PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Soda PDF Desktop PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Soda PDF Desktop. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27140.
Severity
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Soda PDF Desktop Affected: 14.0.509.23030
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-11 20:47
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14410 (GCVE-0-2025-14410)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:23 – Updated: 2026-01-02 13:29
VLAI
Title
Soda PDF Desktop PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Soda PDF Desktop PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Soda PDF Desktop. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27142.
Severity
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Soda PDF Desktop Affected: 14.0.506.23016
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-11 20:47
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14408 (GCVE-0-2025-14408)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:23 – Updated: 2026-01-02 13:27
VLAI
Title
Soda PDF Desktop PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability
Summary
Soda PDF Desktop PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information on affected installations of Soda PDF Desktop. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the parsing of PDF files. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated object. An attacker can leverage this in conjunction with other vulnerabilities to execute arbitrary code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27143.
Severity
3.3 (Low)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Soda PDF Desktop Affected: 14.0.509.23030
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-11 20:46
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14401 (GCVE-0-2025-14401)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-23 21:20 – Updated: 2025-12-30 21:17
VLAI
Title
PDFsam Enhanced App Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
PDFsam Enhanced App Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code on affected installations of PDFsam Enhanced. User interaction is required to exploit this vulnerability in that the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. The specific flaw exists within the handling of App objects. The issue results from the lack of proper validation of user-supplied data, which can result in a read past the end of an allocated buffer. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to execute code in the context of the current process. Was ZDI-CAN-27260.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
PDFsam Enhanced Affected: 7.0.76.15222
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-11 20:58
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14177 (GCVE-0-2025-14177)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-27 19:33 – Updated: 2025-12-29 16:01
VLAI
Title
Information Leak of Memory in getimagesize
Summary
In PHP versions:8.1.* before 8.1.34, 8.2.* before 8.2.30, 8.3.* before 8.3.29, 8.4.* before 8.4.16, 8.5.* before 8.5.1, the getimagesize() function may leak uninitialized heap memory into the APPn segments (e.g., APP1) when reading images in multi-chunk mode (such as via php://filter). This occurs due to a bug in php_read_stream_all_chunks() that overwrites the buffer without advancing the pointer, leaving tail bytes uninitialized. This may lead to information disclosure of sensitive heap data and affect the confidentiality of the target server.
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
php
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
PHP Group PHP Affected: 8.1.* , < 8.1.34 (semver)
Affected: 8.2.* , < 8.2.30 (semver)
Affected: 8.3.* , < 8.3.29 (semver)
Affected: 8.4.* , < 8.4.16 (semver)
Affected: 8.5.* , < 8.5.1 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-18 00:00
Credits
Nikita Sveshnikov (Positive Technologies)
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14104 (GCVE-0-2025-14104)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-05 16:22 – Updated: 2026-06-29 23:29
VLAI
Title
Util-linux: util-linux: heap buffer overread in setpwnam() when processing 256-byte usernames
Summary
A flaw was found in util-linux. This vulnerability allows a heap buffer overread when processing 256-byte usernames, specifically within the `setpwnam()` function, affecting SUID (Set User ID) login-utils utilities writing to the password database.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1696 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1852 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:1913 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:2485 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:2563 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:2737 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:2800 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:3406 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:4943 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:7180 vendor-advisoryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-14104 vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT
https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2419369 issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
util-linux util-linux Affected: 0 , < 2.41.3 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 10 Unaffected: 0:2.40.2-15.el10_1 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.1
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 Unaffected: 0:2.32.1-48.el8_10 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::crb
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::baseos
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9 Unaffected: 0:2.37.4-21.el9_7 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream
    cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::crb
    cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Ceph Storage 7 Unaffected: 1770632724 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:ceph_storage:7::el9
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Ceph Storage 8 Unaffected: 1770630907 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:ceph_storage:8::el9
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Ceph Storage 9 Unaffected: 1771816028 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:ceph_storage:9::el10
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Hardened Images Unaffected: 2.42-7.1.hum1 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:hummingbird:1
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Insights proxy 1.5 Unaffected: 1770740405 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:insights_proxy:1.5::el9
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 Unaffected: 1770646925 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 Unaffected: 1773670073 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 Unaffected: 1773672059 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Update Infrastructure 5 Unaffected: 1773670137 , < * (rpm)
    cpe:/a:redhat:rhui:5::el9
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7     cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7
 Create a notification for this product.
Red Hat Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4     cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4
 Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-12-05 00:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-14055 (GCVE-0-2025-14055)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-20 14:45 – Updated: 2026-04-24 15:29
VLAI
Title
Integer underflow in Secure NCP host
Summary
An integer underflow vulnerability in Silicon Labs Secure NCP host implementation allows a buffer overread via a specially crafted packet.
Severity
2.4 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-191 - Integer Underflow (Wrap or Wraparound)
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://community.silabs.com/068Vm00000gvJlq vendor-advisorypermissions-required
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
silabs.com Simplicity SDK, Gecko SDK Affected: 2025.12.0 , ≤ 2025.12.1 (semver)
Affected: 0 , ≤ 2025.6.2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2025-13735 (GCVE-0-2025-13735)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-26 06:02 – Updated: 2025-11-26 14:54
VLAI
Title
Out-of-bounds Read in nr flc
Summary
Out-of-bounds Read vulnerability in ASR1903、ASR3901 in ASR Lapwing_Linux on Linux (nr_fw modules). This vulnerability is associated with program files Code/nr_fw/DLP/src/NrCgi.C. This issue affects Lapwing_Linux: before 2025/11/26.
Severity
7.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
ASR
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ASR Lapwing_Linux Affected: 0 , < 2025/11/26 (date)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-11-26 05:43
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of introducing an out-of-bounds read, ensure that you validate and ensure correct calculations for any length argument, buffer size calculation, or offset. Be especially careful of relying on a sentinel (i.e. special character such as NUL) in untrusted inputs.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Language Selection

Use a language that provides appropriate memory abstractions.

CAPEC-540: Overread Buffers

An adversary attacks a target by providing input that causes an application to read beyond the boundary of a defined buffer. This typically occurs when a value influencing where to start or stop reading is set to reflect positions outside of the valid memory location of the buffer. This type of attack may result in exposure of sensitive information, a system crash, or arbitrary code execution.

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