CWE-1021
AllowedImproper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The web application does not restrict or incorrectly restricts frame objects or UI layers that belong to another application or domain.
452 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-HW7M-5984-JP2Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-09 00:00 – Updated: 2022-03-17 00:06Due to an unusual sequence of attacker-controlled events, a Javascript alert() dialog with arbitrary (although unstyled) contents could be displayed over top an uncontrolled webpage of the attacker's choosing. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 94, Thunderbird < 91.3, and Firefox ESR < 91.3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38509"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-08T22:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Due to an unusual sequence of attacker-controlled events, a Javascript alert() dialog with arbitrary (although unstyled) contents could be displayed over top an uncontrolled webpage of the attacker\u0027s choosing. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 94, Thunderbird \u003c 91.3, and Firefox ESR \u003c 91.3.",
"id": "GHSA-hw7m-5984-jp2q",
"modified": "2022-03-17T00:06:35Z",
"published": "2021-12-09T00:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38509"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1718571"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/12/msg00030.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2022/01/msg00001.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202202-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202208-14"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-5026"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2022/dsa-5034"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-48"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-49"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-50"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HXVJ-9M68-2V8W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:56 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:56A vulnerability in the web-based interface of Cisco HyperFlex Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute a cross-frame scripting (XFS) attack on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient HTML iframe protection. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by directing a user to an attacker-controlled web page that contains a malicious HTML iframe. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to conduct clickjacking or other clientside browser attacks.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-1975"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-18T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the web-based interface of Cisco HyperFlex Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute a cross-frame scripting (XFS) attack on an affected device. This vulnerability is due to insufficient HTML iframe protection. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by directing a user to an attacker-controlled web page that contains a malicious HTML iframe. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to conduct clickjacking or other clientside browser attacks.",
"id": "GHSA-hxvj-9m68-2v8w",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:56:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:56:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-1975"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-20190918-hyperflex-xfs"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-J2J3-53QC-JW45
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-16 00:01 – Updated: 2021-12-21 00:01In several functions of DatabaseManager.java, there is a possible leak of Bluetooth MAC addresses due to log information disclosure. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-12Android ID: A-183961974
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1006"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-15T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In several functions of DatabaseManager.java, there is a possible leak of Bluetooth MAC addresses due to log information disclosure. This could lead to local information disclosure with System execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-12Android ID: A-183961974",
"id": "GHSA-j2j3-53qc-jw45",
"modified": "2021-12-21T00:01:19Z",
"published": "2021-12-16T00:01:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1006"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2021-12-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-J4X2-5QQ6-FVPQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-05 00:31 – Updated: 2024-04-05 00:31Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Spoofing Vulnerability
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-29981"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-04T22:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Microsoft Edge (Chromium-based) Spoofing Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-j4x2-5qq6-fvpq",
"modified": "2024-04-05T00:31:28Z",
"published": "2024-04-05T00:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-29981"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-29981"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J755-MMJR-G7RH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-03 15:30 – Updated: 2024-09-04 18:30Multiple prompts and panels from both Firefox and the Android OS could be used to obscure the notification announcing the transition to fullscreen mode after the fix for CVE-2023-6870 in Firefox 121. This could lead to spoofing the browser UI if the sudden appearance of the prompt distracted the user from noticing the visual transition happening behind the prompt. These notifications now use the Android Toast feature. This bug only affects Firefox on Android. Other operating systems are unaffected. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 130.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-8388"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-03T13:15:05Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple prompts and panels from both Firefox and the Android OS could be used to obscure the notification announcing the transition to fullscreen mode after the fix for CVE-2023-6870 in Firefox 121. This could lead to spoofing the browser UI if the sudden appearance of the prompt distracted the user from noticing the visual transition happening behind the prompt. These notifications now use the Android Toast feature. \n*This bug only affects Firefox on Android. Other operating systems are unaffected.* This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 130.",
"id": "GHSA-j755-mmjr-g7rh",
"modified": "2024-09-04T18:30:57Z",
"published": "2024-09-03T15:30:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8388"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/buglist.cgi?bug_id=1839074%2C1865413%2C1868970%2C1873367%2C1877820%2C1884642%2C1886469%2C1894326%2C1894891%2C1897648"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1902996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2024-39"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-J96W-PMQJ-W43P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19Improper countermeasure against clickjacking attack in client certificates management screen was discovered in Cybozu Remote Service 3.0.0 to 3.1.8, that allows remote attackers to trick a user to delete the registered client certificate.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-16172"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-09T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper countermeasure against clickjacking attack in client certificates management screen was discovered in Cybozu Remote Service 3.0.0 to 3.1.8, that allows remote attackers to trick a user to delete the registered client certificate.",
"id": "GHSA-j96w-pmqj-w43p",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16172"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN23161885/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://kb.cybozu.support/article/35260"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JF2Q-69FH-6QQG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:43 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:43The browser could have been confused into transferring a pointer lock state into another tab, which could have lead to clickjacking attacks. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 85.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-23955"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-26T03:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The browser could have been confused into transferring a pointer lock state into another tab, which could have lead to clickjacking attacks. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 85.",
"id": "GHSA-jf2q-69fh-6qqg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:43:11Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:43:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-23955"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1684837"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2021-03"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JGCH-4H46-4Q53
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31Inappropriate implementation in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-14142"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021",
"CWE-451"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:25Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Extensions in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker who had compromised the renderer process to perform UI spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Low)",
"id": "GHSA-jgch-4h46-4q53",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:41Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14142"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/514073460"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JJ8V-MJ23-MW67
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-01 15:30 – Updated: 2023-02-08 21:30Connectwise Automate 2022.11 is vulnerable to Clickjacking. The login screen can be iframed and used to manipulate users to perform unintended actions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-23126"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-01T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Connectwise Automate 2022.11 is vulnerable to Clickjacking. The login screen can be iframed and used to manipulate users to perform unintended actions.",
"id": "GHSA-jj8v-mj23-mw67",
"modified": "2023-02-08T21:30:19Z",
"published": "2023-02-01T15:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23126"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/l00neyhacker/CVE-2023-23126"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JMV6-J76G-XQJP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 22:28 – Updated: 2022-05-24 22:28A vulnerability has been found in multiple revisions of Emerson Rosemount X-STREAM Gas Analyzer. The affected product’s web interface allows an attacker to route click or keystroke to another page provided by the attacker to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27467"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-20T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability has been found in multiple revisions of Emerson Rosemount X-STREAM Gas Analyzer. The affected product\u2019s web interface allows an attacker to route click or keystroke to another page provided by the attacker to gain unauthorized access to sensitive information.",
"id": "GHSA-jmv6-j76g-xqjp",
"modified": "2022-05-24T22:28:45Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T22:28:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27467"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://us-cert.cisa.gov/ics/advisories/icsa-21-138-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
- The use of X-Frame-Options allows developers of web content to restrict the usage of their application within the form of overlays, frames, or iFrames. The developer can indicate from which domains can frame the content.
- The concept of X-Frame-Options is well documented, but implementation of this protection mechanism is in development to cover gaps. There is a need for allowing frames from multiple domains.
Mitigation
- A developer can use a "frame-breaker" script in each page that should not be framed. This is very helpful for legacy browsers that do not support X-Frame-Options security feature previously mentioned.
- It is also important to note that this tactic has been circumvented or bypassed. Improper usage of frames can persist in the web application through nested frames. The "frame-breaking" script does not intuitively account for multiple nested frames that can be presented to the user.
Mitigation
This defense-in-depth technique can be used to prevent the improper usage of frames in web applications. It prioritizes the valid sources of data to be loaded into the application through the usage of declarative policies. Based on which implementation of Content Security Policy is in use, the developer should use the "frame-ancestors" directive or the "frame-src" directive to mitigate this weakness. Both directives allow for the placement of restrictions when it comes to allowing embedded content.
Mitigation
In addition to frames or iframes as previously mentioned, the web application is expected to place restrictions on whether it is allowed to be rendered within objects, embed, or applet elements.
CAPEC-103: Clickjacking
An adversary tricks a victim into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from a seemingly completely different, usually an adversary controlled or intended, system.
CAPEC-181: Flash File Overlay
An attacker creates a transparent overlay using flash in order to intercept user actions for the purpose of performing a clickjacking attack. In this technique, the Flash file provides a transparent overlay over HTML content. Because the Flash application is on top of the content, user actions, such as clicks, are caught by the Flash application rather than the underlying HTML. The action is then interpreted by the overlay to perform the actions the attacker wishes.
CAPEC-222: iFrame Overlay
In an iFrame overlay attack the victim is tricked into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from seemingly completely different system.
CAPEC-504: Task Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates an expected or routine task in an attempt to steal sensitive information or leverage a user's privileges.
CAPEC-506: Tapjacking
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, displays an interface that misleads the user and convinces them to tap on an attacker desired location on the screen. This is often accomplished by overlaying one screen on top of another while giving the appearance of a single interface. There are two main techniques used to accomplish this. The first is to leverage transparent properties that allow taps on the screen to pass through the visible application to an application running in the background. The second is to strategically place a small object (e.g., a button or text field) on top of the visible screen and make it appear to be a part of the underlying application. In both cases, the user is convinced to tap on the screen but does not realize the application that they are interacting with.
CAPEC-587: Cross Frame Scripting (XFS)
This attack pattern combines malicious Javascript and a legitimate webpage loaded into a concealed iframe. The malicious Javascript is then able to interact with a legitimate webpage in a manner that is unknown to the user. This attack usually leverages some element of social engineering in that an attacker must convinces a user to visit a web page that the attacker controls.
CAPEC-654: Credential Prompt Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates a credential prompt in an attempt to steal a user's credentials.