CWE-1021
AllowedImproper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The web application does not restrict or incorrectly restricts frame objects or UI layers that belong to another application or domain.
451 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-XFXQ-JV37-M725
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:19 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:19IBM Security Access Manager Appliance 9.0.1.0, 9.0.2.0, 9.0.3.0, 9.0.4.0, and 9.0.5.0 could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim. By persuading a victim to visit a malicious Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to hijack the victim's click actions and possibly launch further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 149702.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-1803"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-12-13T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Security Access Manager Appliance 9.0.1.0, 9.0.2.0, 9.0.3.0, 9.0.4.0, and 9.0.5.0 could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim. By persuading a victim to visit a malicious Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to hijack the victim\u0027s click actions and possibly launch further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 149702.",
"id": "GHSA-xfxq-jv37-m725",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:19:31Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:19:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1803"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/149702"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.ibm.com/support/docview.wss?uid=ibm10787785"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XG8Q-GGJX-6HX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-27 15:31 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:33A clickjacking vulnerability could have been used to trick a user into leaking saved payment card details to a malicious page. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 139 and Firefox ESR < 128.11.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5267"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-27T13:15:22Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A clickjacking vulnerability could have been used to trick a user into leaking saved payment card details to a malicious page. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 139 and Firefox ESR \u003c 128.11.",
"id": "GHSA-xg8q-ggjx-6hx2",
"modified": "2025-11-03T21:33:58Z",
"published": "2025-05-27T15:31:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5267"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1954137"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00043.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00046.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-42"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-44"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-45"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2025-46"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XHQ2-RM43-2HRP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-08 18:30 – Updated: 2025-12-08 21:30In multiple locations, there is a possible way to trick a user into accepting a permission due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-48597"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-08T17:16:16Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In multiple locations, there is a possible way to trick a user into accepting a permission due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.",
"id": "GHSA-xhq2-rm43-2hrp",
"modified": "2025-12-08T21:30:21Z",
"published": "2025-12-08T18:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48597"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/68170bad52250399d2e4a1a8023a3e7aeda1887d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2025-12-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XJFJ-5C48-9853
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41Inappropriate implementation in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 88.0.4324.96 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted Chrome Extension.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-21132"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-09T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in DevTools in Google Chrome prior to 88.0.4324.96 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted Chrome Extension.",
"id": "GHSA-xjfj-5c48-9853",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:34Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21132"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2021/01/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_19.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://crbug.com/1128206"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/en-US/vulnerability/CVE-2021-21132"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-XJV2-8H6H-M75G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-19 18:31 – Updated: 2025-12-19 18:31ArcSearch for iOS versions prior to 1.45.2 could display a different domain in the address bar than the content being shown after an iframe-triggered URI-scheme navigation, increasing spoofing risk.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-14812"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-19T17:15:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "ArcSearch for iOS versions prior to 1.45.2 could display a different domain in the address bar than the content being shown after an iframe-triggered URI-scheme navigation, increasing spoofing risk.",
"id": "GHSA-xjv2-8h6h-m75g",
"modified": "2025-12-19T18:31:18Z",
"published": "2025-12-19T18:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14812"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://arc.net/security/bulletins#cve-2025-14812-address-bar-spoofing-risk-iframe-triggered-uri-navigation-on-arc-search-ios"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XM6R-6FX6-X6R8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:55 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:54A clickjacking vulnerability was found in Limesurvey before 3.17.14.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-16175"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-09T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A clickjacking vulnerability was found in Limesurvey before 3.17.14.",
"id": "GHSA-xm6r-6fx6-x6r8",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:54:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:55:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-16175"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/LimeSurvey/LimeSurvey/commit/5870fd1037058bc4e43cccf893b576c72293371e#diff-d539f3f8185667ee48db78e1bf65a3b4R41"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.limesurvey.org/limesurvey-updates/2188-limesurvey-3-17-14-build-190902-released"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XMJJ-27J3-8W2G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-12 21:31 – Updated: 2025-12-12 21:31Inappropriate implementation in Toolbar in Google Chrome on Android prior to 143.0.7499.110 allowed a remote attacker to perform domain spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-14373"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-12T20:15:40Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Inappropriate implementation in Toolbar in Google Chrome on Android prior to 143.0.7499.110 allowed a remote attacker to perform domain spoofing via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-xmjj-27j3-8w2g",
"modified": "2025-12-12T21:31:38Z",
"published": "2025-12-12T21:31:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14373"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2025/12/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_10.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/461532432"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XP8H-82PC-F6JM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-16 15:33 – Updated: 2026-06-16 18:32Spoofing issue in the DOM: Core & HTML component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 152.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-12323"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-16T13:16:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Spoofing issue in the DOM: Core \u0026 HTML component. This vulnerability was fixed in Firefox 152.",
"id": "GHSA-xp8h-82pc-f6jm",
"modified": "2026-06-16T18:32:37Z",
"published": "2026-06-16T15:33:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-12323"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=2035027"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-57"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2026-60"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-XQV2-3VVQ-QG6R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-27 19:00 – Updated: 2022-10-31 19:22Hashicorp Boundary is vulnerable to Clickjacking which allow for the interception of login credentials, re-direction of users to malicious sites, or causing users to perform malicious actions on the site.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/hashicorp/boundary"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "0.11.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-36182"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-10-28T19:18:55Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-27T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Hashicorp Boundary is vulnerable to Clickjacking which allow for the interception of login credentials, re-direction of users to malicious sites, or causing users to perform malicious actions on the site.",
"id": "GHSA-xqv2-3vvq-qg6r",
"modified": "2022-10-31T19:22:54Z",
"published": "2022-10-27T19:00:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-36182"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/hashicorp/boundary"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://owasp.org/www-community/attacks/Clickjacking"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://packetstormsecurity.com/files/168654/Hashicorp-Boundary-Clickjacking.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Hashicorp Boundary vulnerable to clickjacking"
}
GHSA-XVCQ-GM57-37C5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-14 15:31 – Updated: 2024-09-06 18:31LB-LINK BL-W1210M v2.0 was discovered to contain a clickjacking vulnerability via the Administrator login page. Attackers can cause victim users to perform arbitrary operations via interaction with crafted elements on the web page.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-33377"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-14T15:15:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "LB-LINK BL-W1210M v2.0 was discovered to contain a clickjacking vulnerability via the Administrator login page. Attackers can cause victim users to perform arbitrary operations via interaction with crafted elements on the web page.",
"id": "GHSA-xvcq-gm57-37c5",
"modified": "2024-09-06T18:31:27Z",
"published": "2024-06-14T15:31:25Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-33377"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ShravanSinghRathore/Security-Advisory-Multiple-Vulnerabilities-in-LB-link-BL-W1210M-Router/wiki/Clickjacking-%28CVE%E2%80%902024%E2%80%9033377%29"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://redfoxsec.com/blog/security-advisory-multiple-vulnerabilities-in-lb-link-bl-w1210m-router"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- The use of X-Frame-Options allows developers of web content to restrict the usage of their application within the form of overlays, frames, or iFrames. The developer can indicate from which domains can frame the content.
- The concept of X-Frame-Options is well documented, but implementation of this protection mechanism is in development to cover gaps. There is a need for allowing frames from multiple domains.
Mitigation
- A developer can use a "frame-breaker" script in each page that should not be framed. This is very helpful for legacy browsers that do not support X-Frame-Options security feature previously mentioned.
- It is also important to note that this tactic has been circumvented or bypassed. Improper usage of frames can persist in the web application through nested frames. The "frame-breaking" script does not intuitively account for multiple nested frames that can be presented to the user.
Mitigation
This defense-in-depth technique can be used to prevent the improper usage of frames in web applications. It prioritizes the valid sources of data to be loaded into the application through the usage of declarative policies. Based on which implementation of Content Security Policy is in use, the developer should use the "frame-ancestors" directive or the "frame-src" directive to mitigate this weakness. Both directives allow for the placement of restrictions when it comes to allowing embedded content.
Mitigation
In addition to frames or iframes as previously mentioned, the web application is expected to place restrictions on whether it is allowed to be rendered within objects, embed, or applet elements.
CAPEC-103: Clickjacking
An adversary tricks a victim into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from a seemingly completely different, usually an adversary controlled or intended, system.
CAPEC-181: Flash File Overlay
An attacker creates a transparent overlay using flash in order to intercept user actions for the purpose of performing a clickjacking attack. In this technique, the Flash file provides a transparent overlay over HTML content. Because the Flash application is on top of the content, user actions, such as clicks, are caught by the Flash application rather than the underlying HTML. The action is then interpreted by the overlay to perform the actions the attacker wishes.
CAPEC-222: iFrame Overlay
In an iFrame overlay attack the victim is tricked into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from seemingly completely different system.
CAPEC-504: Task Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates an expected or routine task in an attempt to steal sensitive information or leverage a user's privileges.
CAPEC-506: Tapjacking
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, displays an interface that misleads the user and convinces them to tap on an attacker desired location on the screen. This is often accomplished by overlaying one screen on top of another while giving the appearance of a single interface. There are two main techniques used to accomplish this. The first is to leverage transparent properties that allow taps on the screen to pass through the visible application to an application running in the background. The second is to strategically place a small object (e.g., a button or text field) on top of the visible screen and make it appear to be a part of the underlying application. In both cases, the user is convinced to tap on the screen but does not realize the application that they are interacting with.
CAPEC-587: Cross Frame Scripting (XFS)
This attack pattern combines malicious Javascript and a legitimate webpage loaded into a concealed iframe. The malicious Javascript is then able to interact with a legitimate webpage in a manner that is unknown to the user. This attack usually leverages some element of social engineering in that an attacker must convinces a user to visit a web page that the attacker controls.
CAPEC-654: Credential Prompt Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates a credential prompt in an attempt to steal a user's credentials.