CWE-1021
AllowedImproper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The web application does not restrict or incorrectly restricts frame objects or UI layers that belong to another application or domain.
452 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-H3V4-38WV-MGJX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-12 15:31 – Updated: 2025-06-12 15:31The web application is vulnerable to clickjacking attacks. The site can be embedded into another frame, allowing an attacker to trick a user into clicking on something different from what the user perceives. This could potentially reveal confidential information or allow others to take control of their computer while clicking on seemingly innocuous objects.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-49192"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-12T15:15:39Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The web application is vulnerable to clickjacking attacks. The site can be embedded into another frame, allowing an attacker to trick a user into clicking on something different from what the user perceives. This could potentially reveal confidential information or allow others to take control of their computer while clicking on seemingly innocuous objects.",
"id": "GHSA-h3v4-38wv-mgjx",
"modified": "2025-06-12T15:31:23Z",
"published": "2025-06-12T15:31:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49192"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cdn.sick.com/media/docs/1/11/411/Special_information_CYBERSECURITY_BY_SICK_en_IM0084411.PDF"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sick.com/psirt"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cisa.gov/resources-tools/resources/ics-recommended-practices"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/3.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/sca-2025-0007.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.sick.com/.well-known/csaf/white/2025/sca-2025-0007.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-H77F-CCHV-QQ93
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:09 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:09IBM Sterling Connect:Direct Browser User Interface 1.4.1.1 and 1.5.0.2 could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim. By persuading a victim to visit a malicious Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to hijack the victim's click actions and possibly launch further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 199229.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-20560"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-26T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM Sterling Connect:Direct Browser User Interface 1.4.1.1 and 1.5.0.2 could allow a remote attacker to hijack the clicking action of the victim. By persuading a victim to visit a malicious Web site, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to hijack the victim\u0027s click actions and possibly launch further attacks against the victim. IBM X-Force ID: 199229.",
"id": "GHSA-h77f-cchv-qq93",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:09:13Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:09:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-20560"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/199229"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/6474829"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-H8R9-467R-VJJF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-05 03:30 – Updated: 2023-01-11 20:55Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames in GitHub repository pyload/pyload prior to 0.5.0b3.dev33.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "pyload-ng"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.5.0b3.dev33"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-0057"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-01-09T19:54:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-05T01:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames in GitHub repository pyload/pyload prior to 0.5.0b3.dev33.",
"id": "GHSA-h8r9-467r-vjjf",
"modified": "2023-01-11T20:55:13Z",
"published": "2023-01-05T03:30:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-0057"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/commit/bd2a31b7de54570b919aa1581d486e6ee18c0f64"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/12b64f91-d048-490c-94b0-37514b6d694d"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "pyLoad vulnerable to Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames"
}
GHSA-H9MM-6G7F-J9R5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-01-15 00:01 – Updated: 2022-01-21 00:01In LocationSettingsActivity of AndroidManifest.xml, there is a possible EoP due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12 Android-9Android ID: A-182812255
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-1036"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-01-14T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In LocationSettingsActivity of AndroidManifest.xml, there is a possible EoP due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11 Android-12 Android-9Android ID: A-182812255",
"id": "GHSA-h9mm-6g7f-j9r5",
"modified": "2022-01-21T00:01:02Z",
"published": "2022-01-15T00:01:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-1036"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/aaos/2022-01-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-H9PF-4J3G-QFJ9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-28 18:31 – Updated: 2025-07-28 18:31In JetBrains YouTrack before 2025.2.86935, 2025.2.87167, 2025.3.87341, 2025.3.87344 improper iframe configuration in widget sandbox allows popups to bypass security restrictions
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-54527"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-07-28T17:15:31Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In JetBrains YouTrack before 2025.2.86935, \n2025.2.87167, \n2025.3.87341, \n2025.3.87344 improper iframe configuration in widget sandbox allows popups to bypass security restrictions",
"id": "GHSA-h9pf-4j3g-qfj9",
"modified": "2025-07-28T18:31:28Z",
"published": "2025-07-28T18:31:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54527"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jetbrains.com/privacy-security/issues-fixed"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFJ2-6G68-RGRJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-19 15:31 – Updated: 2026-06-06 09:31Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames vulnerability in Shopside Software Technologies Inc. Shopside allows iFrame Overlay.This issue affects Shopside: through 05022025.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-0421"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-19T14:15:57Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames vulnerability in Shopside Software Technologies Inc. Shopside allows iFrame Overlay.This issue affects Shopside: through 05022025.",
"id": "GHSA-hfj2-6g68-rgrj",
"modified": "2026-06-06T09:31:14Z",
"published": "2025-11-19T15:31:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0421"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://siberguvenlik.gov.tr/guvenlik-bildirimleri/detay/tr-25-0402"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.usom.gov.tr/bildirim/tr-25-0402"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HGPJ-7PFX-Q3M9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:41 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:41In PackageInstaller, there is a possible tapjacking attack due to an insecure default value. This could lead to local escalation of privilege and permissions with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-8.1 Android-9 Android-10Android ID: A-155287782
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0302"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-02-10T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In PackageInstaller, there is a possible tapjacking attack due to an insecure default value. This could lead to local escalation of privilege and permissions with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-8.1 Android-9 Android-10Android ID: A-155287782",
"id": "GHSA-hgpj-7pfx-q3m9",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:41:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:41:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0302"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2021-02-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-HM5V-5WW3-9M4F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-12-15 21:30 – Updated: 2025-04-21 15:31A spoofing issue existed in the handling of URLs. This issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in tvOS 16.2, macOS Ventura 13.1, iOS 15.7.2 and iPadOS 15.7.2, iOS 16.2 and iPadOS 16.2, watchOS 9.2. Visiting a website that frames malicious content may lead to UI spoofing.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46695"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-12-15T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A spoofing issue existed in the handling of URLs. This issue was addressed with improved input validation. This issue is fixed in tvOS 16.2, macOS Ventura 13.1, iOS 15.7.2 and iPadOS 15.7.2, iOS 16.2 and iPadOS 16.2, watchOS 9.2. Visiting a website that frames malicious content may lead to UI spoofing.",
"id": "GHSA-hm5v-5ww3-9m4f",
"modified": "2025-04-21T15:31:11Z",
"published": "2022-12-15T21:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46695"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213530"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213531"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213532"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213535"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT213536"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/21"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/23"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/26"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Dec/27"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HQMQ-CH89-M5GP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-31 15:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 18:31The web application is vulnerable to a so-called ‘clickjacking’ attack. In this type of attack, the vulnerable page is inserted into a page controlled by the attacker in order to deceive the victim. This deception can range from making the victim click on a button to making them enter their login credentials in a form that, a priori, appears legitimate.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-64387"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-10-31T15:15:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The web application is vulnerable to a so-called \u2018clickjacking\u2019 attack. In this type of attack, the vulnerable page is inserted into a page controlled by the attacker in order to deceive the victim. This deception can range from making the victim click on a button to making them enter their login credentials in a form that, a priori, appears legitimate.",
"id": "GHSA-hqmq-ch89-m5gp",
"modified": "2025-11-03T18:31:51Z",
"published": "2025-10-31T15:30:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64387"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://cds.thalesgroup.com/es/s21sec"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://circutor.com/productos/iot-industrial-y-automatizacion/conversores-y-pasarelas/product/D80010."
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.hackrtu.com/blog/cg-0day-en-003"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:N/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-HR9W-XMR5-649G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:05 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:05In onCreate of EmergencyCallbackModeExitDialog.java, there is a possible exit of emergency callback mode due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-178821491
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-0538"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1021"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-06-22T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In onCreate of EmergencyCallbackModeExitDialog.java, there is a possible exit of emergency callback mode due to a tapjacking/overlay attack. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-11Android ID: A-178821491",
"id": "GHSA-hr9w-xmr5-649g",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:05:55Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:05:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-0538"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/pixel/2021-06-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
- The use of X-Frame-Options allows developers of web content to restrict the usage of their application within the form of overlays, frames, or iFrames. The developer can indicate from which domains can frame the content.
- The concept of X-Frame-Options is well documented, but implementation of this protection mechanism is in development to cover gaps. There is a need for allowing frames from multiple domains.
Mitigation
- A developer can use a "frame-breaker" script in each page that should not be framed. This is very helpful for legacy browsers that do not support X-Frame-Options security feature previously mentioned.
- It is also important to note that this tactic has been circumvented or bypassed. Improper usage of frames can persist in the web application through nested frames. The "frame-breaking" script does not intuitively account for multiple nested frames that can be presented to the user.
Mitigation
This defense-in-depth technique can be used to prevent the improper usage of frames in web applications. It prioritizes the valid sources of data to be loaded into the application through the usage of declarative policies. Based on which implementation of Content Security Policy is in use, the developer should use the "frame-ancestors" directive or the "frame-src" directive to mitigate this weakness. Both directives allow for the placement of restrictions when it comes to allowing embedded content.
Mitigation
In addition to frames or iframes as previously mentioned, the web application is expected to place restrictions on whether it is allowed to be rendered within objects, embed, or applet elements.
CAPEC-103: Clickjacking
An adversary tricks a victim into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from a seemingly completely different, usually an adversary controlled or intended, system.
CAPEC-181: Flash File Overlay
An attacker creates a transparent overlay using flash in order to intercept user actions for the purpose of performing a clickjacking attack. In this technique, the Flash file provides a transparent overlay over HTML content. Because the Flash application is on top of the content, user actions, such as clicks, are caught by the Flash application rather than the underlying HTML. The action is then interpreted by the overlay to perform the actions the attacker wishes.
CAPEC-222: iFrame Overlay
In an iFrame overlay attack the victim is tricked into unknowingly initiating some action in one system while interacting with the UI from seemingly completely different system.
CAPEC-504: Task Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates an expected or routine task in an attempt to steal sensitive information or leverage a user's privileges.
CAPEC-506: Tapjacking
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, displays an interface that misleads the user and convinces them to tap on an attacker desired location on the screen. This is often accomplished by overlaying one screen on top of another while giving the appearance of a single interface. There are two main techniques used to accomplish this. The first is to leverage transparent properties that allow taps on the screen to pass through the visible application to an application running in the background. The second is to strategically place a small object (e.g., a button or text field) on top of the visible screen and make it appear to be a part of the underlying application. In both cases, the user is convinced to tap on the screen but does not realize the application that they are interacting with.
CAPEC-587: Cross Frame Scripting (XFS)
This attack pattern combines malicious Javascript and a legitimate webpage loaded into a concealed iframe. The malicious Javascript is then able to interact with a legitimate webpage in a manner that is unknown to the user. This attack usually leverages some element of social engineering in that an attacker must convinces a user to visit a web page that the attacker controls.
CAPEC-654: Credential Prompt Impersonation
An adversary, through a previously installed malicious application, impersonates a credential prompt in an attempt to steal a user's credentials.