CVE-2026-9545 (GCVE-0-2026-9545)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-03 06:17 – Updated: 2026-09-15 06:03
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
exposing HTTP/3 early data
Summary
In this scenario, libcurl first uses a proper HTTP/3 server for the initial
transfers, and when it makes a second transfer to the same site it has been
replaced by the attacker's impostor machine - without a valid certificate.
When libcurl returns to the hostname the second time with a cached SSL session
(`CURLOPT_SSL_SESSIONID_CACHE` is not disabled) and early data enabled (the
`CURLSSLOPT_EARLYDATA` bit is set in `CURLOPT_SSL_OPTIONS`), libcurl might
send off the second request's bytes on that new connection *before* enforcing
the certificate verification failure. Potentially leaking sensitive
information.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-07-06 16:52 UTC
CWE
- CWE-200 - Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
Assigner
References
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | CPE status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| curl | curl |
Affected:
8.11.0 , < 8.14.2
(semver)
Affected: 8.15.0 , < 8.16.1 (semver) Affected: 8.17.0 , < 8.20.1 (semver) |
guessed | |
| curl | curl |
Affected:
962097b8dd44ed5b9e7984bc1cdffdbdd566857f , < 7b9613fa9b1a5e04301a3920eef58e8138dad05e
(git)
|
guessed | |
| curl | curl |
Affected:
8.20.0
Affected: 8.19.0 Affected: 8.18.0 Affected: 8.17.0 Affected: 8.16.0 Affected: 8.15.0 Affected: 8.14.1 Affected: 8.14.0 Affected: 8.13.0 Affected: 8.12.1 Affected: 8.12.0 Affected: 8.11.1 Affected: 8.11.0 |
guessed |
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]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-15T06:03:31.804Z",
"orgId": "2499f714-1537-4658-8207-48ae4bb9eae9",
"shortName": "curl"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2026-9545.json"
},
{
"url": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2026-9545.html"
},
{
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3752888"
}
],
"title": "exposing HTTP/3 early data",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "cvelib 1.8.0"
},
"x_osv": {
"affected": [
{
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "8.11.0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.14.2"
},
{
"introduced": "8.15.0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.16.1"
},
{
"introduced": "8.17.0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.20.1"
}
],
"type": "SEMVER"
},
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "962097b8dd44ed5b9e7984bc1cdffdbdd566857f"
},
{
"fixed": "7b9613fa9b1a5e04301a3920eef58e8138dad05e"
}
],
"repo": "https://github.com/curl/curl.git",
"type": "GIT"
}
],
"versions": [
"8.20.0",
"8.19.0",
"8.18.0",
"8.17.0",
"8.16.0",
"8.15.0",
"8.14.1",
"8.14.0",
"8.13.0",
"8.12.1",
"8.12.0",
"8.11.1",
"8.11.0"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9545"
],
"credits": [
{
"name": "Eunsoo Kim (Autonomous Code Security team at Microsoft)",
"type": "finder"
},
{
"name": "Stefan Eissing",
"type": "remediation developer"
}
],
"database_specific": {
"CWE": {
"desc": "Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor",
"id": "CWE-200"
},
"URL": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2026-9545.json",
"affects": "both",
"issue": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3752888",
"last_affected": "8.20.0",
"package": "curl",
"severity": "Low",
"www": "https://curl.se/docs/CVE-2026-9545.html"
},
"details": "In this scenario, libcurl first uses a proper HTTP/3 server for the initial\ntransfers, and when it makes a second transfer to the same site it has been\nreplaced by the attacker\u0027s impostor machine - without a valid certificate.\n\nWhen libcurl returns to the hostname the second time with a cached SSL session\n(`CURLOPT_SSL_SESSIONID_CACHE` is not disabled) and early data enabled (the\n`CURLSSLOPT_EARLYDATA` bit is set in `CURLOPT_SSL_OPTIONS`), libcurl might\nsend off the second request\u0027s bytes on that new connection *before* enforcing\nthe certificate verification failure. Potentially leaking sensitive\ninformation.",
"id": "CURL-CVE-2026-9545",
"modified": "2026-09-07T10:34:51.00Z",
"published": "2026-06-24T08:00:00.00Z",
"schema_version": "1.5.0",
"summary": "exposing HTTP/3 early data"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "2499f714-1537-4658-8207-48ae4bb9eae9",
"assignerShortName": "curl",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-9545",
"datePublished": "2026-07-03T06:17:55.931Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-05-26T06:45:08.680Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-09-15T06:03:31.804Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
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Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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