ubuntu-cve-2025-61771
Vulnerability from osv_ubuntu
Published
2025-10-07 15:16
Modified
2026-04-17 09:10
Summary
Details
Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. In versions prior to 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2, `Rack::Multipart::Parser stores non-file form fields (parts without a filename) entirely in memory as Ruby String objects. A single large text field in a multipart/form-data request (hundreds of megabytes or more) can consume equivalent process memory, potentially leading to out-of-memory (OOM) conditions and denial of service (DoS). Attackers can send large non-file fields to trigger excessive memory usage. Impact scales with request size and concurrency, potentially leading to worker crashes or severe garbage-collection overhead. All Rack applications processing multipart form submissions are affected. Versions 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2 enforce a reasonable size cap for non-file fields (e.g., 2 MiB). Workarounds include restricting maximum request body size at the web-server or proxy layer (e.g., Nginx client_max_body_size) and validating and rejecting unusually large form fields at the application level.
Severity
7.5 (High)
N/A (UNKNOWN)
References
{
"affected": [
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"binaries": [
{
"binary_name": "librack-ruby",
"binary_version": "1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm11"
},
{
"binary_name": "librack-ruby1.8",
"binary_version": "1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm11"
},
{
"binary_name": "librack-ruby1.9.1",
"binary_version": "1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm11"
},
{
"binary_name": "ruby-rack",
"binary_version": "1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm11"
}
]
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:14.04:LTS",
"name": "ruby-rack",
"purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-rack@1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm11?arch=source\u0026distro=esm-infra-legacy/trusty"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"1.5.2-1",
"1.5.2-1ubuntu0.1~esm1",
"1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm2",
"1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm3",
"1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm4",
"1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm6",
"1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm7",
"1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm8",
"1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm9",
"1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm10",
"1.5.2-3+deb8u3ubuntu1~esm11"
]
},
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"binaries": [
{
"binary_name": "ruby-rack",
"binary_version": "1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm10"
}
]
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:16.04:LTS",
"name": "ruby-rack",
"purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-rack@1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm10?arch=source\u0026distro=esm-apps/xenial"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"1.5.2-4",
"1.6.4-2",
"1.6.4-3",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.1",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm1",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm2",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm4",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm5",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm6",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm7",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm8",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm9",
"1.6.4-3ubuntu0.2+esm10"
]
},
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"binaries": [
{
"binary_name": "ruby-rack",
"binary_version": "1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm10"
}
]
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:18.04:LTS",
"name": "ruby-rack",
"purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-rack@1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm10?arch=source\u0026distro=esm-apps/bionic"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"1.6.4-4",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.1",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm1",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm2",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm4",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm5",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm6",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm7",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm8",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm9",
"1.6.4-4ubuntu0.2+esm10"
]
},
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"binaries": [
{
"binary_name": "ruby-rack",
"binary_version": "2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm10"
}
]
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Ubuntu:Pro:20.04:LTS",
"name": "ruby-rack",
"purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-rack@2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm10?arch=source\u0026distro=esm-apps/focal"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"2.0.6-3",
"2.0.7-2",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm1",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm2",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm3",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm4",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm5",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm6",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm7",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm8",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm9",
"2.0.7-2ubuntu0.1+esm10"
]
},
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"availability": "No subscription required",
"binaries": [
{
"binary_name": "ruby-rack",
"binary_version": "2.1.4-5ubuntu1.2"
}
]
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Ubuntu:22.04:LTS",
"name": "ruby-rack",
"purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-rack@2.1.4-5ubuntu1.2?arch=source\u0026distro=jammy"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.4-5ubuntu1.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"2.1.4-3",
"2.1.4-4",
"2.1.4-5",
"2.1.4-5ubuntu1",
"2.1.4-5ubuntu1.1"
]
},
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"availability": "No subscription required",
"binaries": [
{
"binary_name": "ruby-rack",
"binary_version": "2.2.7-1ubuntu0.5"
}
]
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Ubuntu:24.04:LTS",
"name": "ruby-rack",
"purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-rack@2.2.7-1ubuntu0.5?arch=source\u0026distro=noble"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.7-1ubuntu0.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"2.2.4-3",
"2.2.7-1",
"2.2.7-1ubuntu0.1",
"2.2.7-1ubuntu0.2",
"2.2.7-1ubuntu0.3",
"2.2.7-1ubuntu0.4"
]
},
{
"ecosystem_specific": {
"availability": "No subscription required",
"binaries": [
{
"binary_name": "ruby-rack",
"binary_version": "3.1.16-0.1ubuntu0.1"
}
]
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Ubuntu:25.10",
"name": "ruby-rack",
"purl": "pkg:deb/ubuntu/ruby-rack@3.1.16-0.1ubuntu0.1?arch=source\u0026distro=questing"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.1.16-0.1ubuntu0.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"2.2.7-1.1",
"3.1.16-0.1"
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"details": "Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. In versions prior to 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2, ``Rack::Multipart::Parser` stores non-file form fields (parts without a `filename`) entirely in memory as Ruby `String` objects. A single large text field in a multipart/form-data request (hundreds of megabytes or more) can consume equivalent process memory, potentially leading to out-of-memory (OOM) conditions and denial of service (DoS). Attackers can send large non-file fields to trigger excessive memory usage. Impact scales with request size and concurrency, potentially leading to worker crashes or severe garbage-collection overhead. All Rack applications processing multipart form submissions are affected. Versions 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2 enforce a reasonable size cap for non-file fields (e.g., 2 MiB). Workarounds include restricting maximum request body size at the web-server or proxy layer (e.g., Nginx `client_max_body_size`) and validating and rejecting unusually large form fields at the application level.",
"id": "UBUNTU-CVE-2025-61771",
"modified": "2026-04-17T09:10:43Z",
"published": "2025-10-07T15:16:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-61771"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-61771"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://github.com/rack/rack/security/advisories/GHSA-w9pc-fmgc-vxvw"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/589127f4ac8b5cf11cf88fb0cd116ffed4d2181e"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/d869fed663b113b95a74ad53e1b5cae6ab31f29e"
},
{
"type": "REPORT",
"url": "https://github.com/rack/rack/commit/e08f78c656c9394d6737c022bde087e0f33336fd"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://ubuntu.com/security/notices/USN-7960-1"
}
],
"related": [
"USN-7960-1"
],
"schema_version": "1.7.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "medium",
"type": "Ubuntu"
}
],
"upstream": [
"CVE-2025-61771"
]
}
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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
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- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
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The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the
vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base
model, served locally by ML-Gateway.
They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.
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Related by attack behaviour
Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.
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