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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmisc/vmw_vmci: fix an infoleak in vmci_host_do_receive_datagram()\n\n`struct vmci_event_qp` allocated by qp_notify_peer() contains padding,\nwhich may carry uninitialized data to the userspace, as observed by\nKMSAN:\n\n  BUG: KMSAN: kernel-infoleak in instrument_copy_to_user ./include/linux/instrumented.h:121\n   instrument_copy_to_user ./include/linux/instrumented.h:121\n   _copy_to_user+0x5f/0xb0 lib/usercopy.c:33\n   copy_to_user ./include/linux/uaccess.h:169\n   vmci_host_do_receive_datagram drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_host.c:431\n   vmci_host_unlocked_ioctl+0x33d/0x43d0 drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_host.c:925\n   vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51\n  ...\n\n  Uninit was stored to memory at:\n   kmemdup+0x74/0xb0 mm/util.c:131\n   dg_dispatch_as_host drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_datagram.c:271\n   vmci_datagram_dispatch+0x4f8/0xfc0 drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_datagram.c:339\n   qp_notify_peer+0x19a/0x290 drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_queue_pair.c:1479\n   qp_broker_attach drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_queue_pair.c:1662\n   qp_broker_alloc+0x2977/0x2f30 drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_queue_pair.c:1750\n   vmci_qp_broker_alloc+0x96/0xd0 drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_queue_pair.c:1940\n   vmci_host_do_alloc_queuepair drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_host.c:488\n   vmci_host_unlocked_ioctl+0x24fd/0x43d0 drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_host.c:927\n  ...\n\n  Local variable ev created at:\n   qp_notify_peer+0x54/0x290 drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_queue_pair.c:1456\n   qp_broker_attach drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_queue_pair.c:1662\n   qp_broker_alloc+0x2977/0x2f30 drivers/misc/vmw_vmci/vmci_queue_pair.c:1750\n\n  Bytes 28-31 of 48 are uninitialized\n  Memory access of size 48 starts at ffff888035155e00\n  Data copied to user address 0000000020000100\n\nUse memset() to prevent the infoleaks.\n\nAlso speculatively fix qp_notify_peer_local(), which may suffer from the\nsame problem."
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        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T19:06:47.654Z",
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\npadata: avoid UAF for reorder_work\n\nAlthough the previous patch can avoid ps and ps UAF for _do_serial, it\ncan not avoid potential UAF issue for reorder_work. This issue can\nhappen just as below:\n\ncrypto_request\t\t\tcrypto_request\t\tcrypto_del_alg\npadata_do_serial\n  ...\n  padata_reorder\n    // processes all remaining\n    // requests then breaks\n    while (1) {\n      if (!padata)\n        break;\n      ...\n    }\n\n\t\t\t\tpadata_do_serial\n\t\t\t\t  // new request added\n\t\t\t\t  list_add\n    // sees the new request\n    queue_work(reorder_work)\n\t\t\t\t  padata_reorder\n\t\t\t\t    queue_work_on(squeue-\u003ework)\n...\n\n\t\t\t\t\u003ckworker context\u003e\n\t\t\t\tpadata_serial_worker\n\t\t\t\t// completes new request,\n\t\t\t\t// no more outstanding\n\t\t\t\t// requests\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tcrypto_del_alg\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  // free pd\n\n\u003ckworker context\u003e\ninvoke_padata_reorder\n  // UAF of pd\n\nTo avoid UAF for \u0027reorder_work\u0027, get \u0027pd\u0027 ref before put \u0027reorder_work\u0027\ninto the \u0027serial_wq\u0027 and put \u0027pd\u0027 ref until the \u0027serial_wq\u0027 finish."
        }
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\ncifs: Fix integer overflow while processing closetimeo mount option\n\nUser-provided mount parameter closetimeo of type u32 is intended to have\nan upper limit, but before it is validated, the value is converted from\nseconds to jiffies which can lead to an integer overflow.\n\nFound by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with SVACE."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-23T15:57:30.927Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/513f6cf2e906a504b7ab0b62b2eea993a6f64558"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/9968fcf02cf6b0f78fbacf3f63e782162603855a"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6c13fcb7cf59ae65940da1dfea80144e42921e53"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/1c46673be93dd2954f44fe370fb4f2b8e6214224"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b24edd5c191c2689c59d0509f0903f9487eb6317"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d5a30fddfe2f2e540f6c43b59cf701809995faef"
        }
      ],
      "title": "cifs: Fix integer overflow while processing closetimeo mount option",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-21962",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-01T15:46:59.285Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.795Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-23T15:57:30.927Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

{
  "containers": {
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          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "LOCAL",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 7.8,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-22020",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
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                  }
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                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-10-01T17:06:32.262717Z",
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            }
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        ],
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          {
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              {
                "cweId": "CWE-416",
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                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-01T17:06:34.836Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:41:06.526Z",
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          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
          },
          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
            "drivers/memstick/host/rtsx_usb_ms.c"
          ],
          "repo": "https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git",
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          "versions": [
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            },
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            {
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        },
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          ],
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          "vendor": "Linux",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "5.0"
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            {
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              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.4.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.4.292",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.10.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.10.236",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "5.15.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "5.15.180",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.1.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.1.133",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.*",
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              "version": "6.6.86",
              "versionType": "semver"
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              "status": "unaffected",
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            },
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              "lessThanOrEqual": "6.14.*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.14.1",
              "versionType": "semver"
            },
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "*",
              "status": "unaffected",
              "version": "6.15",
              "versionType": "original_commit_for_fix"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "cpeApplicability": [
        {
          "nodes": [
            {
              "cpeMatch": [
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                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                  "vulnerable": true
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                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                  "versionEndExcluding": "5.15.180",
                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.0",
                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                {
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                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                {
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                },
                {
                  "criteria": "cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
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                  "vulnerable": true
                },
                {
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                  "versionStartIncluding": "5.0",
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              "negate": false,
              "operator": "OR"
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      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nmemstick: rtsx_usb_ms: Fix slab-use-after-free in rtsx_usb_ms_drv_remove\n\nThis fixes the following crash:\n\n==================================================================\nBUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card+0x159/0x200 [rtsx_usb_ms]\nRead of size 8 at addr ffff888136335380 by task kworker/6:0/140241\n\nCPU: 6 UID: 0 PID: 140241 Comm: kworker/6:0 Kdump: loaded Tainted: G            E      6.14.0-rc6+ #1\nTainted: [E]=UNSIGNED_MODULE\nHardware name: LENOVO 30FNA1V7CW/1057, BIOS S0EKT54A 07/01/2024\nWorkqueue: events rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card [rtsx_usb_ms]\nCall Trace:\n \u003cTASK\u003e\n dump_stack_lvl+0x51/0x70\n print_address_description.constprop.0+0x27/0x320\n ? rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card+0x159/0x200 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n print_report+0x3e/0x70\n kasan_report+0xab/0xe0\n ? rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card+0x159/0x200 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card+0x159/0x200 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n ? __pfx_rtsx_usb_ms_poll_card+0x10/0x10 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n ? __pfx___schedule+0x10/0x10\n ? kick_pool+0x3b/0x270\n process_one_work+0x357/0x660\n worker_thread+0x390/0x4c0\n ? __pfx_worker_thread+0x10/0x10\n kthread+0x190/0x1d0\n ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n ret_from_fork+0x2d/0x50\n ? __pfx_kthread+0x10/0x10\n ret_from_fork_asm+0x1a/0x30\n \u003c/TASK\u003e\n\nAllocated by task 161446:\n kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40\n kasan_save_track+0x10/0x30\n __kasan_kmalloc+0x7b/0x90\n __kmalloc_noprof+0x1a7/0x470\n memstick_alloc_host+0x1f/0xe0 [memstick]\n rtsx_usb_ms_drv_probe+0x47/0x320 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n platform_probe+0x60/0xe0\n call_driver_probe+0x35/0x120\n really_probe+0x123/0x410\n __driver_probe_device+0xc7/0x1e0\n driver_probe_device+0x49/0xf0\n __device_attach_driver+0xc6/0x160\n bus_for_each_drv+0xe4/0x160\n __device_attach+0x13a/0x2b0\n bus_probe_device+0xbd/0xd0\n device_add+0x4a5/0x760\n platform_device_add+0x189/0x370\n mfd_add_device+0x587/0x5e0\n mfd_add_devices+0xb1/0x130\n rtsx_usb_probe+0x28e/0x2e0 [rtsx_usb]\n usb_probe_interface+0x15c/0x460\n call_driver_probe+0x35/0x120\n really_probe+0x123/0x410\n __driver_probe_device+0xc7/0x1e0\n driver_probe_device+0x49/0xf0\n __device_attach_driver+0xc6/0x160\n bus_for_each_drv+0xe4/0x160\n __device_attach+0x13a/0x2b0\n rebind_marked_interfaces.isra.0+0xcc/0x110\n usb_reset_device+0x352/0x410\n usbdev_do_ioctl+0xe5c/0x1860\n usbdev_ioctl+0xa/0x20\n __x64_sys_ioctl+0xc5/0xf0\n do_syscall_64+0x59/0x170\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n\nFreed by task 161506:\n kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40\n kasan_save_track+0x10/0x30\n kasan_save_free_info+0x36/0x60\n __kasan_slab_free+0x34/0x50\n kfree+0x1fd/0x3b0\n device_release+0x56/0xf0\n kobject_cleanup+0x73/0x1c0\n rtsx_usb_ms_drv_remove+0x13d/0x220 [rtsx_usb_ms]\n platform_remove+0x2f/0x50\n device_release_driver_internal+0x24b/0x2e0\n bus_remove_device+0x124/0x1d0\n device_del+0x239/0x530\n platform_device_del.part.0+0x19/0xe0\n platform_device_unregister+0x1c/0x40\n mfd_remove_devices_fn+0x167/0x170\n device_for_each_child_reverse+0xc9/0x130\n mfd_remove_devices+0x6e/0xa0\n rtsx_usb_disconnect+0x2e/0xd0 [rtsx_usb]\n usb_unbind_interface+0xf3/0x3f0\n device_release_driver_internal+0x24b/0x2e0\n proc_disconnect_claim+0x13d/0x220\n usbdev_do_ioctl+0xb5e/0x1860\n usbdev_ioctl+0xa/0x20\n __x64_sys_ioctl+0xc5/0xf0\n do_syscall_64+0x59/0x170\n entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x76/0x7e\n\nLast potentially related work creation:\n kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40\n kasan_record_aux_stack+0x85/0x90\n insert_work+0x29/0x100\n __queue_work+0x34a/0x540\n call_timer_fn+0x2a/0x160\n expire_timers+0x5f/0x1f0\n __run_timer_base.part.0+0x1b6/0x1e0\n run_timer_softirq+0x8b/0xe0\n handle_softirqs+0xf9/0x360\n __irq_exit_rcu+0x114/0x130\n sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x72/0x90\n asm_sysvec_apic_timer_interrupt+0x16/0x20\n\nSecond to last potentially related work creation:\n kasan_save_stack+0x20/0x40\n kasan_record_aux_stack+0x85/0x90\n insert_work+0x29/0x100\n __queue_work+0x34a/0x540\n call_timer_fn+0x2a/0x160\n expire_timers+0x5f/0x1f0\n __run_timer_base.part.0+0x1b6/0x1e0\n run_timer_softirq+0x8b/0xe0\n handle_softirqs+0xf9/0x\n---truncated---"
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 7.8,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "AV:L - The reporter\u0027s own KASAN trace shows the free being driven entirely from userspace via usbfs ioctls (`USBDEVFS_DISCONNECT_CLAIM` and `USBDEVFS_RESET` through `usbdev_do_ioctl`), requiring no physical manipulation of the reader, only local access to `/dev/bus/usb/...`.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides: the poll_card delayed work is perpetually re-armed every 100 jiffies while a MemStick card is powered, so an unbind issued at any moment reliably lands with a pending timer into the freed object, and the disconnect ioctl can be repeated in a loop until the heap is groomed as desired.\nPR:L - Only an ordinary local account with usbfs access (granted to the active seat user by uaccess/plugdev udev rules on common desktop distributions) is needed; the disconnect-claim and device-reset ioctl paths perform no capability check.\nUI:N - The attacker performs the unbind/reset ioctls itself and no action by another user is required; presence of the Realtek USB card reader is a property of the affected configuration, not victim interaction.\nS:U - The use-after-free is confined to kernel slab memory within the same security authority, with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - The freed 2048-byte object is re-read by the poll worker and, after slab reclaim, the dangling `ucr`/`pdev`/`msh` pointers loaded from it can be steered to dereference attacker-chosen kernel addresses, yielding an arbitrary-read primitive well beyond the initial 8-byte KASAN-reported leak.\nI:H - The `timer_list` and `work_struct` embedded in the freed region give a direct function-pointer hijack via `call_timer_fn()`, and `mutex_lock(\u0026ucr-\u003edev_mutex)` on a sprayed pointer provides a write primitive, so the UAF is exploitable for control-flow hijack and privilege escalation.\nA:H - The unfixed path reliably produces a slab-use-after-free that KASAN reports and that causes kernel oops/panic in ordinary (non-KASAN) kernels, and the trigger can be repeated at will by an unprivileged local user."
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      "providerMetadata": {
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        },
        {
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6186fb2cd36317277a8423687982140a7f3f7841"
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        },
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        },
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        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4676741a3464b300b486e70585c3c9b692be1632"
        }
      ],
      "title": "memstick: rtsx_usb_ms: Fix slab-use-after-free in rtsx_usb_ms_drv_remove",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "bippy-1.2.0"
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  "cveMetadata": {
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-22020",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-16T10:20:37.045Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.807Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:02.551Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
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}

{
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          {
            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00010.html"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-37890",
                "options": [
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                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
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                    "Technical Impact": "total"
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                "version": "2.0.3"
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        "providerMetadata": {
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          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet_sched: hfsc: Fix a UAF vulnerability in class with netem as child qdisc\n\nAs described in Gerrard\u0027s report [1], we have a UAF case when an hfsc class\nhas a netem child qdisc. The crux of the issue is that hfsc is assuming\nthat checking for cl-\u003eqdisc-\u003eq.qlen == 0 guarantees that it hasn\u0027t inserted\nthe class in the vttree or eltree (which is not true for the netem\nduplicate case).\n\nThis patch checks the n_active class variable to make sure that the code\nwon\u0027t insert the class in the vttree or eltree twice, catering for the\nreentrant case.\n\n[1] https://lore.kernel.org/netdev/CAHcdcOm+03OD2j6R0=YHKqmy=VgJ8xEOKuP6c7mSgnp-TEJJbw@mail.gmail.com/"
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              "value": "AV:L - Exploitation requires configuring an hfsc qdisc with a netem child (duplicate enabled) via RTNETLINK/tc and then transmitting packets locally, so the attacker must have local access to the system. Per kernel scoring guidance, tc/netlink qdisc bugs are Local.\nAC:L - The reentrancy is deterministic \u2014 netem\u0027s duplicate path re-enters hfsc_enqueue() synchronously on the same CPU before the child qdisc\u0027s qlen is incremented, so a single packet with duplicate=100% reliably double-activates the class. No race or uncontrolled memory-layout condition is involved.\nPR:L - Qdisc/class creation requires CAP_NET_ADMIN, but only ns_capable() over the netns owner user namespace (netlink_net_capable in rtnetlink_rcv_msg), which any unprivileged user obtains with `unshare -Urn` on default distro configs. Triggering enqueue only needs sending a packet over the local device.\nUI:N - The attacker performs every step \u2014 qdisc/class setup, packet transmission, and class deletion \u2014 with no action from any other user or administrator.\nS:U - The corruption and its consequences are confined to the kernel\u0027s own memory and scheduling structures within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The freed hfsc_class remains linked in the parent\u0027s vt_tree/cf_tree and the eligible rbtree, so subsequent rbtree traversals read attacker-groomed heap contents; a UAF of a slab object with reclaimed contents yields a kernel information-disclosure primitive.\nI:H - Stale rb_node links cause rb_insert_color()/rb_erase()/vttree_update() to write into freed memory that the attacker can reclaim with a controlled object, giving a write primitive suitable for control-flow hijacking and privilege escalation. The doubly-inserted el_node additionally corrupts the eligible rbtree structure itself.\nA:H - Even without weaponization, the use-after-free and corrupted rbtree produce oopses, hangs on cyclic tree traversal, or a kernel panic, taking the whole system down."
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/141d34391abbb315d68556b7c67ad97885407547"
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      "title": "net_sched: hfsc: Fix a UAF vulnerability in class with netem as child qdisc",
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    "datePublished": "2025-05-16T13:01:12.798Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-04-16T04:51:23.963Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:58:05.817Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nnet/tipc: fix slab-use-after-free Read in tipc_aead_encrypt_done\n\nSyzbot reported a slab-use-after-free with the following call trace:\n\n  ==================================================================\n  BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in tipc_aead_encrypt_done+0x4bd/0x510 net/tipc/crypto.c:840\n  Read of size 8 at addr ffff88807a733000 by task kworker/1:0/25\n\n  Call Trace:\n   kasan_report+0xd9/0x110 mm/kasan/report.c:601\n   tipc_aead_encrypt_done+0x4bd/0x510 net/tipc/crypto.c:840\n   crypto_request_complete include/crypto/algapi.h:266\n   aead_request_complete include/crypto/internal/aead.h:85\n   cryptd_aead_crypt+0x3b8/0x750 crypto/cryptd.c:772\n   crypto_request_complete include/crypto/algapi.h:266\n   cryptd_queue_worker+0x131/0x200 crypto/cryptd.c:181\n   process_one_work+0x9fb/0x1b60 kernel/workqueue.c:3231\n\n  Allocated by task 8355:\n   kzalloc_noprof include/linux/slab.h:778\n   tipc_crypto_start+0xcc/0x9e0 net/tipc/crypto.c:1466\n   tipc_init_net+0x2dd/0x430 net/tipc/core.c:72\n   ops_init+0xb9/0x650 net/core/net_namespace.c:139\n   setup_net+0x435/0xb40 net/core/net_namespace.c:343\n   copy_net_ns+0x2f0/0x670 net/core/net_namespace.c:508\n   create_new_namespaces+0x3ea/0xb10 kernel/nsproxy.c:110\n   unshare_nsproxy_namespaces+0xc0/0x1f0 kernel/nsproxy.c:228\n   ksys_unshare+0x419/0x970 kernel/fork.c:3323\n   __do_sys_unshare kernel/fork.c:3394\n\n  Freed by task 63:\n   kfree+0x12a/0x3b0 mm/slub.c:4557\n   tipc_crypto_stop+0x23c/0x500 net/tipc/crypto.c:1539\n   tipc_exit_net+0x8c/0x110 net/tipc/core.c:119\n   ops_exit_list+0xb0/0x180 net/core/net_namespace.c:173\n   cleanup_net+0x5b7/0xbf0 net/core/net_namespace.c:640\n   process_one_work+0x9fb/0x1b60 kernel/workqueue.c:3231\n\nAfter freed the tipc_crypto tx by delete namespace, tipc_aead_encrypt_done\nmay still visit it in cryptd_queue_worker workqueue.\n\nI reproduce this issue by:\n  ip netns add ns1\n  ip link add veth1 type veth peer name veth2\n  ip link set veth1 netns ns1\n  ip netns exec ns1 tipc bearer enable media eth dev veth1\n  ip netns exec ns1 tipc node set key this_is_a_master_key master\n  ip netns exec ns1 tipc bearer disable media eth dev veth1\n  ip netns del ns1\n\nThe key of reproduction is that, simd_aead_encrypt is interrupted, leading\nto crypto_simd_usable() return false. Thus, the cryptd_queue_worker is\ntriggered, and the tipc_crypto tx will be visited.\n\n  tipc_disc_timeout\n    tipc_bearer_xmit_skb\n      tipc_crypto_xmit\n        tipc_aead_encrypt\n          crypto_aead_encrypt\n            // encrypt()\n            simd_aead_encrypt\n              // crypto_simd_usable() is false\n              child = \u0026ctx-\u003ecryptd_tfm-\u003ebase;\n\n  simd_aead_encrypt\n    crypto_aead_encrypt\n      // encrypt()\n      cryptd_aead_encrypt_enqueue\n        cryptd_aead_enqueue\n          cryptd_enqueue_request\n            // trigger cryptd_queue_worker\n            queue_work_on(smp_processor_id(), cryptd_wq, \u0026cpu_queue-\u003ework)\n\nFix this by holding net reference count before encrypt."
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              "value": "AV:N - The vulnerable encrypt path is bound to the TIPC network stack and is driven by remote peer traffic \u2014 an inbound DSC_REQ_MSG forces an encrypted DSC_RESP_MSG through tipc_crypto_xmit()/tipc_aead_encrypt() before any node is established, and TIPC bearers include IP/UDP media (CONFIG_TIPC_MEDIA_UDP default y), which is routable across the internet.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 flooding discovery/link-protocol traffic keeps many async cryptd encryptions in flight while the namespace teardown that frees tipc_crypto is issued on demand, and the sequence can be retried without limit; on platforms with asynchronous AEAD accelerators the -EINPROGRESS callback path is taken unconditionally rather than being a race at all.\nPR:L - No real root is needed: the TIPC v2 generic-netlink ops carry no GENL_ADMIN_PERM (the only capability check in net/tipc is the legacy compat path), and `unshare -Urn` grants CAP_NET_ADMIN inside a fresh netns for veth/bearer/key setup, with namespace exit performing the free \u2014 matching the syzbot trace via ksys_unshare \u2192 copy_net_ns \u2192 tipc_crypto_start.\nUI:N - The entire sequence (bearer enable, key set, packet flood, namespace teardown) is performed by the attacker; no victim action or cooperation is required.\nS:U - The use-after-free corrupts kernel heap memory within the same security authority; there is no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary crossed.\nC:H - The callback reads 8 bytes of freed slab memory (tx-\u003enet at crypto.c:840) and then uses tx-\u003estats and that stale struct net pointer; once the ~320-byte kmalloc object is reclaimed with attacker-chosen data, the resulting pointer dereferences give a path to disclose arbitrary kernel memory.\nI:H - A reclaimed tipc_crypto yields a fully attacker-controlled tx-\u003estats, so this_cpu_inc(tx-\u003estats-\u003estat[STAT_ASYNC_OK]) becomes a repeatable arbitrary-address increment, and the controlled struct net * is passed into b-\u003emedia-\u003esend_msg() \u2014 both are standard building blocks for kernel privilege escalation.\nA:H - Dereferencing the freed per-netns tipc_crypto from the cryptd worker reliably oopses or panics the kernel, and the trigger can be repeated to keep the system down."
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerable path is reached by configuring a taprio qdisc and triggering netdev notifier events via rtnetlink/netlink from the local system. Per kernel guidance, tc/netlink qdisc bugs are Local.\nAC:L - The attacker controls both sides of the race \u2014 the schedule cycle time (driving advance_sched()\u0027s call_rcu() free at ~48\u00b5s intervals) and the NETDEV_UP/NETDEV_CHANGE events that re-enter the unprotected notifier \u2014 and can retry indefinitely, with the window widened further on the PREEMPT/PREEMPT_RT kernels typical of TSN deployments.\nPR:L - Only CAP_NET_ADMIN within a network namespace is needed, which any unprivileged user obtains via `unshare -Urn` since rtnetlink uses namespace-scoped netlink_net_capable(); the required multiqueue device is created as a veth with IFLA_NUM_TX_QUEUES.\nUI:N - The attacker performs all steps \u2014 qdisc creation, schedule replacement, and link state changes \u2014 entirely on their own. No victim action is involved.\nS:U - The corruption is confined to kernel heap memory within the same security authority; no VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary is crossed.\nC:H - The use-after-free reads max_open_gate_duration[] and cycle_time from a freed, attacker-sprayable kmalloc-512 object, and with heap grooming a UAF of this kind yields an arbitrary kernel memory read primitive.\nI:H - taprio_update_queue_max_sdu() writes 32 attacker-influenced u32 values (derived from the user-supplied TCA_TAPRIO_TC_ENTRY_MAX_SDU) into fixed offsets 128\u2013255 of the freed object, giving a controlled-value write into a reclaimed general-purpose slab object that is exploitable for control-flow hijacking.\nA:H - The use-after-free corrupts arbitrary reclaimed kernel objects and reliably causes oops/panic, and the race can be re-triggered in a loop for repeated crashes."
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