rhsa-2024:8083
Vulnerability from csaf_redhat
Published
2024-10-14 18:22
Modified
2025-09-25 15:06
Summary
Red Hat Security Advisory: grafana security update

Notes

Topic
An update for grafana is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions. Red Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.
Details
Grafana is an open source, feature rich metrics dashboard and graph editor for Graphite, InfluxDB & OpenTSDB. Security Fix(es): * uplot: Prototype Pollution in uplot (CVE-2024-21489) For more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.
Terms of Use
This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original.


To clipboard 

{
  "document": {
    "aggregate_severity": {
      "namespace": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/",
      "text": "Important"
    },
    "category": "csaf_security_advisory",
    "csaf_version": "2.0",
    "distribution": {
      "text": "Copyright \u00a9 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.",
      "tlp": {
        "label": "WHITE",
        "url": "https://www.first.org/tlp/"
      }
    },
    "lang": "en",
    "notes": [
      {
        "category": "summary",
        "text": "An update for grafana is now available for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Advanced Mission Critical Update Support, Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Telecommunications Update Service, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 Update Services for SAP Solutions.\n\nRed Hat Product Security has rated this update as having a security impact of Important. A Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) base score, which gives a detailed severity rating, is available for each vulnerability from the CVE link(s) in the References section.",
        "title": "Topic"
      },
      {
        "category": "general",
        "text": "Grafana is an open source, feature rich metrics dashboard and graph editor for Graphite, InfluxDB \u0026 OpenTSDB. \n\nSecurity Fix(es):\n\n* uplot: Prototype Pollution in uplot (CVE-2024-21489)\n\nFor more details about the security issue(s), including the impact, a CVSS score, acknowledgments, and other related information, refer to the CVE page(s) listed in the References section.",
        "title": "Details"
      },
      {
        "category": "legal_disclaimer",
        "text": "This content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). If you distribute this content, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat Inc. and provide a link to the original.",
        "title": "Terms of Use"
      }
    ],
    "publisher": {
      "category": "vendor",
      "contact_details": "https://access.redhat.com/security/team/contact/",
      "issuing_authority": "Red Hat Product Security is responsible for vulnerability handling across all Red Hat products and services.",
      "name": "Red Hat Product Security",
      "namespace": "https://www.redhat.com"
    },
    "references": [
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:8083",
        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:8083"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#important",
        "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/updates/classification/#important"
      },
      {
        "category": "external",
        "summary": "2315838",
        "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2315838"
      },
      {
        "category": "self",
        "summary": "Canonical URL",
        "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/advisories/2024/rhsa-2024_8083.json"
      }
    ],
    "title": "Red Hat Security Advisory: grafana security update",
    "tracking": {
      "current_release_date": "2025-09-25T15:06:52+00:00",
      "generator": {
        "date": "2025-09-25T15:06:52+00:00",
        "engine": {
          "name": "Red Hat SDEngine",
          "version": "4.6.8"
        }
      },
      "id": "RHSA-2024:8083",
      "initial_release_date": "2024-10-14T18:22:24+00:00",
      "revision_history": [
        {
          "date": "2024-10-14T18:22:24+00:00",
          "number": "1",
          "summary": "Initial version"
        },
        {
          "date": "2024-10-14T18:22:24+00:00",
          "number": "2",
          "summary": "Last updated version"
        },
        {
          "date": "2025-09-25T15:06:52+00:00",
          "number": "3",
          "summary": "Last generated version"
        }
      ],
      "status": "final",
      "version": "3"
    }
  },
  "product_tree": {
    "branches": [
      {
        "branches": [
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_name",
                "name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)",
                  "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4::appstream"
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_name",
                "name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.4)",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.4)",
                  "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_tus:8.4::appstream"
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_name",
                "name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.4)",
                "product": {
                  "name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.4)",
                  "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "cpe": "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:8.4::appstream"
                  }
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "product_family",
            "name": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
                "product": {
                  "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
                  "product_id": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "purl": "pkg:rpm/redhat/grafana@7.3.6-7.el8_4?arch=src"
                  }
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "architecture",
            "name": "src"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
                "product": {
                  "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
                  "product_id": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "purl": "pkg:rpm/redhat/grafana@7.3.6-7.el8_4?arch=x86_64"
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
                "product": {
                  "name": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
                  "product_id": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "purl": "pkg:rpm/redhat/grafana-debuginfo@7.3.6-7.el8_4?arch=x86_64"
                  }
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "architecture",
            "name": "x86_64"
          },
          {
            "branches": [
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
                "product": {
                  "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
                  "product_id": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "purl": "pkg:rpm/redhat/grafana@7.3.6-7.el8_4?arch=ppc64le"
                  }
                }
              },
              {
                "category": "product_version",
                "name": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
                "product": {
                  "name": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
                  "product_id": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
                  "product_identification_helper": {
                    "purl": "pkg:rpm/redhat/grafana-debuginfo@7.3.6-7.el8_4?arch=ppc64le"
                  }
                }
              }
            ],
            "category": "architecture",
            "name": "ppc64le"
          }
        ],
        "category": "vendor",
        "name": "Red Hat"
      }
    ],
    "relationships": [
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS"
      },
      {
        "category": "default_component_of",
        "full_product_name": {
          "name": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64 as a component of Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.4)",
          "product_id": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64"
        },
        "product_reference": "grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
        "relates_to_product_reference": "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS"
      }
    ]
  },
  "vulnerabilities": [
    {
      "cve": "CVE-2024-21489",
      "cwe": {
        "id": "CWE-1321",
        "name": "Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes (\u0027Prototype Pollution\u0027)"
      },
      "discovery_date": "2024-10-01T05:20:06.790059+00:00",
      "ids": [
        {
          "system_name": "Red Hat Bugzilla ID",
          "text": "2315838"
        }
      ],
      "notes": [
        {
          "category": "description",
          "text": "A flaw was found in uPlot. This vulnerability allows prototype pollution via the uplot.assign function due to missing checks for attributes that resolve to the object prototype.",
          "title": "Vulnerability description"
        },
        {
          "category": "summary",
          "text": "uplot: Prototype Pollution in uplot",
          "title": "Vulnerability summary"
        },
        {
          "category": "other",
          "text": "Grafana is not impacted by this CVE, as the vulnerable `uplot.assign` function is not utilized in Grafana on Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Only RHEL-8.4.z having the issue.",
          "title": "Statement"
        },
        {
          "category": "general",
          "text": "The CVSS score(s) listed for this vulnerability do not reflect the associated product\u0027s status, and are included for informational purposes to better understand the severity of this vulnerability.",
          "title": "CVSS score applicability"
        }
      ],
      "product_status": {
        "fixed": [
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
          "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64"
        ]
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "category": "self",
          "summary": "Canonical URL",
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-21489"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "RHBZ#2315838",
          "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2315838"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-21489",
          "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2024-21489"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21489",
          "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-21489"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://github.com/leeoniya/uPlot/blob/c52e5001c1d959a99ac495a53e4deca5c44464d2/src/utils.js%23L437-L452",
          "url": "https://github.com/leeoniya/uPlot/blob/c52e5001c1d959a99ac495a53e4deca5c44464d2/src/utils.js%23L437-L452"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://github.com/leeoniya/uPlot/commit/5756e3e9b91270b303157e14bd0174311047d983",
          "url": "https://github.com/leeoniya/uPlot/commit/5756e3e9b91270b303157e14bd0174311047d983"
        },
        {
          "category": "external",
          "summary": "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-UPLOT-6209224",
          "url": "https://security.snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-JS-UPLOT-6209224"
        }
      ],
      "release_date": "2024-10-01T05:15:12.227000+00:00",
      "remediations": [
        {
          "category": "vendor_fix",
          "date": "2024-10-14T18:22:24+00:00",
          "details": "For details on how to apply this update, which includes the changes described in this advisory, refer to:\n\nhttps://access.redhat.com/articles/11258",
          "product_ids": [
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64"
          ],
          "restart_required": {
            "category": "none"
          },
          "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:8083"
        },
        {
          "category": "workaround",
          "details": "Mitigation for this issue is either not available or the currently available options do not meet the Red Hat Product Security criteria comprising ease of use and deployment, applicability to widespread installation base or stability.",
          "product_ids": [
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "scores": [
        {
          "cvss_v3": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "availabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "baseScore": 8.2,
            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
            "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "products": [
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.AUS:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.ppc64le",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.E4S:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.src",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64",
            "AppStream-8.4.0.Z.TUS:grafana-debuginfo-0:7.3.6-7.el8_4.x86_64"
          ]
        }
      ],
      "threats": [
        {
          "category": "impact",
          "details": "Important"
        }
      ],
      "title": "uplot: Prototype Pollution in uplot"
    }
  ]
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Sightings

Author Source Type Date

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or seen somewhere by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability is confirmed from an analyst perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: This vulnerability was exploited and seen by the user reporting the sighting.
  • Patched: This vulnerability was successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.
  • Not exploited: This vulnerability was not exploited or seen by the user reporting the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expresses doubt about the veracity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: This vulnerability was not successfully patched by the user reporting the sighting.