Vulnerability-Lookup

PYSEC-2026-2772

Vulnerability from pysec - Published: 2026-07-13 15:46 - Updated: 2026-07-13 16:05

Details

Summary

A memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel's CACAO parser caused a NULL pointer dereference when reading a crafted input file.

Details

The flaw was in CacaoFormat::SetHilderbrandt. A malformed input caused the parser to dereference a NULL pointer while applying the Hilderbrandt transformation.

Impact

Open Babel is a C++ library and CLI used to read and write chemistry file formats; it is shipped by Linux distributions and embedded in services that may parse untrusted input. Triggering this vulnerability requires the victim to open a malicious CACAO file with the obabel tool, the OBConversion API, or any of the language bindings (Python, Ruby, Java, R, Perl, C#, PHP).

Affected versions

All releases up to and including 3.1.1.

Patched version

3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26).

Patch

Fix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/ecaed96f Originally reported as #2827; fixes consolidated in #2913.

A minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under test/files/fuzz_regress/ and is exercised on every CI build under ASAN+UBSAN by the fuzzregresstest harness.

Credit

Reported via OSS-Fuzz.

Severity

5.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Impacted products

Name	purl
openbabel	pkg:pypi/openbabel

Aliases

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "openbabel",
        "purl": "pkg:pypi/openbabel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.2.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ],
      "versions": [
        "1.8",
        "1.8.1",
        "1.8.2",
        "1.8.3",
        "1.8.4",
        "2.4.0",
        "2.4.1",
        "3.0.0",
        "3.0.0a1",
        "3.1.1",
        "3.1.1.1"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-10999",
    "GHSA-55j6-rjhx-hwfh"
  ],
  "details": "### Summary\n\nA memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel\u0027s CACAO parser caused a\nNULL pointer dereference when reading a crafted input file.\n\n### Details\n\nThe flaw was in `CacaoFormat::SetHilderbrandt`. A malformed input\ncaused the parser to dereference a NULL pointer while applying the\nHilderbrandt transformation.\n\n### Impact\n\nOpen Babel is a C++ library and CLI used to read and write chemistry\nfile formats; it is shipped by Linux distributions and embedded in\nservices that may parse untrusted input. Triggering this vulnerability\nrequires the victim to open a malicious CACAO file with the `obabel`\ntool, the `OBConversion` API, or any of the language bindings (Python,\nRuby, Java, R, Perl, C#, PHP).\n\n### Affected versions\n\nAll releases up to and including 3.1.1.\n\n### Patched version\n\n3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26).\n\n### Patch\n\nFix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/ecaed96f\nOriginally reported as #2827; fixes consolidated in #2913.\n\nA minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under\n`test/files/fuzz_regress/` and is exercised on every CI build under\nASAN+UBSAN by the `fuzzregresstest` harness.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported via OSS-Fuzz.",
  "id": "PYSEC-2026-2772",
  "modified": "2026-07-13T16:05:17.509454Z",
  "published": "2026-07-13T15:46:25.745036Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/security/advisories/GHSA-55j6-rjhx-hwfh"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-10999"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/issues/2827"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/ecaed96f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/user-attachments/files/22318503/poc.zip"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325927"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.325927"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.654064"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://pypi.org/project/openbabel"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-55j6-rjhx-hwfh"
    }
  ],
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Open Babel has NULL pointer dereference in CACAO CacaoFormat::SetHilderbrandt"
}

CVE-2025-10999 (GCVE-0-2025-10999)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-09-26 03:02 – Updated: 2025-09-26 19:30

Title

Open Babel cacaoformat.cpp SetHilderbrandt null pointer dereference

Summary

A vulnerability was found in Open Babel up to 3.1.1. The impacted element is the function CacaoFormat::SetHilderbrandt of the file /src/formats/cacaoformat.cpp. The manipulation results in null pointer dereference. The attack is only possible with local access. The exploit has been made public and could be used.

Severity

4.8 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P

3.3 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

3.3 (Low)


                        
                          CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-09-26 19:30 UTC

CWE

CWE-476 - NULL Pointer Dereference
CWE-404 - Denial of Service

Assigner

VulDB mitre root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.325927	vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325927	signaturepermissions-required
https://vuldb.com/?submit.654064	third-party-advisory
https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/issues/2827	issue-tracking
https://github.com/user-attachments/files/2231850…	exploit

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
n/a	Open Babel	Affected: 3.1.0 Affected: 3.1.1

Credits

ahuo (VulDB User)

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-10999",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-09-26T19:30:32.828862Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-09-26T19:30:43.265Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "Open Babel",
          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.1.0"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "3.1.1"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "credits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "reporter",
          "value": "ahuo (VulDB User)"
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability was found in Open Babel up to 3.1.1. The impacted element is the function CacaoFormat::SetHilderbrandt of the file /src/formats/cacaoformat.cpp. The manipulation results in null pointer dereference. The attack is only possible with local access. The exploit has been made public and could be used."
        },
        {
          "lang": "de",
          "value": "In Open Babel up to 3.1.1 ist eine Schwachstelle entdeckt worden. Das betrifft die Funktion CacaoFormat::SetHilderbrandt der Datei /src/formats/cacaoformat.cpp. Durch das Manipulieren mit unbekannten Daten kann eine null pointer dereference-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Der Angriff muss lokal passieren. Die Schwachstelle wurde \u00f6ffentlich offengelegt und k\u00f6nnte ausgenutzt werden."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "baseScore": 4.8,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "baseScore": 3.3,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV3_0": {
            "baseScore": 3.3,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
            "version": "3.0"
          }
        },
        {
          "cvssV2_0": {
            "baseScore": 1.7,
            "vectorString": "AV:L/AC:L/Au:S/C:N/I:N/A:P/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
            "version": "2.0"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-476",
              "description": "NULL Pointer Dereference",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-404",
              "description": "Denial of Service",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2025-09-26T03:02:10.346Z",
        "orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
        "shortName": "VulDB"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "VDB-325927 | Open Babel cacaoformat.cpp SetHilderbrandt null pointer dereference",
          "tags": [
            "vdb-entry",
            "technical-description"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.325927"
        },
        {
          "name": "VDB-325927 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
          "tags": [
            "signature",
            "permissions-required"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325927"
        },
        {
          "name": "Submit #654064 | Open Babel 3.1.1 / master commit 889c350 NULL Pointer Dereference",
          "tags": [
            "third-party-advisory"
          ],
          "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.654064"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "issue-tracking"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/issues/2827"
        },
        {
          "tags": [
            "exploit"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/user-attachments/files/22318503/poc.zip"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-09-25T00:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "Advisory disclosed"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-09-25T02:00:00.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry created"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-09-25T20:10:23.000Z",
          "value": "VulDB entry last update"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Open Babel cacaoformat.cpp SetHilderbrandt null pointer dereference"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
    "assignerShortName": "VulDB",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-10999",
    "datePublished": "2025-09-26T03:02:10.346Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-09-25T18:05:06.531Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-09-26T19:30:43.265Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

GHSA-55J6-RJHX-HWFH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 17:41 – Updated: 2026-07-01 17:41

Summary

Open Babel has NULL pointer dereference in CACAO CacaoFormat::SetHilderbrandt

Details

Summary

A memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel's CACAO parser caused a NULL pointer dereference when reading a crafted input file.

Details

The flaw was in CacaoFormat::SetHilderbrandt. A malformed input caused the parser to dereference a NULL pointer while applying the Hilderbrandt transformation.

Impact

Affected versions

All releases up to and including 3.1.1.

Patched version

3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26).

Patch

Fix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/ecaed96f Originally reported as #2827; fixes consolidated in #2913.

A minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under test/files/fuzz_regress/ and is exercised on every CI build under ASAN+UBSAN by the fuzzregresstest harness.

Credit

Reported via OSS-Fuzz.

Severity

5.5 (Medium)


                  
                    CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

Show details on source website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "openbabel"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.2.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-10999"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-404",
      "CWE-476"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-01T17:41:33Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nA memory-safety vulnerability in Open Babel\u0027s CACAO parser caused a\nNULL pointer dereference when reading a crafted input file.\n\n### Details\n\nThe flaw was in `CacaoFormat::SetHilderbrandt`. A malformed input\ncaused the parser to dereference a NULL pointer while applying the\nHilderbrandt transformation.\n\n### Impact\n\nOpen Babel is a C++ library and CLI used to read and write chemistry\nfile formats; it is shipped by Linux distributions and embedded in\nservices that may parse untrusted input. Triggering this vulnerability\nrequires the victim to open a malicious CACAO file with the `obabel`\ntool, the `OBConversion` API, or any of the language bindings (Python,\nRuby, Java, R, Perl, C#, PHP).\n\n### Affected versions\n\nAll releases up to and including 3.1.1.\n\n### Patched version\n\n3.2.0 (released 2026-05-26).\n\n### Patch\n\nFix commit: https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/ecaed96f\nOriginally reported as #2827; fixes consolidated in #2913.\n\nA minimized reproducer for this CVE is checked in under\n`test/files/fuzz_regress/` and is exercised on every CI build under\nASAN+UBSAN by the `fuzzregresstest` harness.\n\n### Credit\n\nReported via OSS-Fuzz.",
  "id": "GHSA-55j6-rjhx-hwfh",
  "modified": "2026-07-01T17:41:33Z",
  "published": "2026-07-01T17:41:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/security/advisories/GHSA-55j6-rjhx-hwfh"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-10999"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/issues/2827"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel/commit/ecaed96f"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openbabel/openbabel"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/user-attachments/files/22318503/poc.zip"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.325927"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.325927"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.654064"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Open Babel has NULL pointer dereference in CACAO CacaoFormat::SetHilderbrandt"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.

Action not permitted

PYSEC-2026-2772

Summary

Details

Impact

Affected versions

Patched version

Patch

Credit

CVE-2025-10999 (GCVE-0-2025-10999)

GHSA-55J6-RJHX-HWFH

Summary

Details

Impact

Affected versions

Patched version

Patch

Credit

Tags

Sightings

Nomenclature

Related by attack behaviour