Vulnerability-Lookup

GSD-2021-28664

Vulnerability from gsd - Updated: 2023-12-13 01:23

Details

The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or a denial of service (memory corruption) because an unprivileged user can achieve read/write access to read-only pages. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r29p0 before r30p0, Valhall r19p0 through r29p0 before r30p0, and Midgard r8p0 through r30p0 before r31p0.

Aliases

CVE-2021-28664

Aliases

CVE-2021-28664

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "GSD": {
    "alias": "CVE-2021-28664",
    "description": "The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or a denial of service (memory corruption) because an unprivileged user can achieve read/write access to read-only pages. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r8p0 through r30p0.",
    "id": "GSD-2021-28664"
  },
  "gsd": {
    "metadata": {
      "exploitCode": "unknown",
      "remediation": "unknown",
      "reportConfidence": "confirmed",
      "type": "vulnerability"
    },
    "osvSchema": {
      "aliases": [
        "CVE-2021-28664"
      ],
      "details": "The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or a denial of service (memory corruption) because an unprivileged user can achieve read/write access to read-only pages. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r29p0 before r30p0, Valhall r19p0 through r29p0 before r30p0, and Midgard r8p0 through r30p0 before r31p0.",
      "id": "GSD-2021-28664",
      "modified": "2023-12-13T01:23:29.533831Z",
      "schema_version": "1.4.0"
    }
  },
  "namespaces": {
    "cisa.gov": {
      "cveID": "CVE-2021-28664",
      "dateAdded": "2021-11-03",
      "dueDate": "2021-11-17",
      "product": "Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)",
      "requiredAction": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
      "shortDescription": "The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or a denial of service (memory corruption) because an unprivileged user can achieve read/write access to read-only pages. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, Valhall r19p0 through r28p0 before r29p0, and Midgard r8p0 through r30p0.",
      "vendorProject": "Arm",
      "vulnerabilityName": "Arm Mali GPU Kernel Boundary Error Vulnerability"
    },
    "cve.org": {
      "CVE_data_meta": {
        "ASSIGNER": "cve@mitre.org",
        "ID": "CVE-2021-28664",
        "STATE": "PUBLIC"
      },
      "affects": {
        "vendor": {
          "vendor_data": [
            {
              "product": {
                "product_data": [
                  {
                    "product_name": "n/a",
                    "version": {
                      "version_data": [
                        {
                          "version_value": "n/a"
                        }
                      ]
                    }
                  }
                ]
              },
              "vendor_name": "n/a"
            }
          ]
        }
      },
      "data_format": "MITRE",
      "data_type": "CVE",
      "data_version": "4.0",
      "description": {
        "description_data": [
          {
            "lang": "eng",
            "value": "The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or a denial of service (memory corruption) because an unprivileged user can achieve read/write access to read-only pages. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r29p0 before r30p0, Valhall r19p0 through r29p0 before r30p0, and Midgard r8p0 through r30p0 before r31p0."
          }
        ]
      },
      "problemtype": {
        "problemtype_data": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "eng",
                "value": "n/a"
              }
            ]
          }
        ]
      },
      "references": {
        "reference_data": [
          {
            "name": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver",
            "refsource": "CONFIRM",
            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://developer.arm.com/Arm%20Security%20Center/Mali%20GPU%20Driver%20Vulnerabilities",
            "refsource": "MISC",
            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/Arm%20Security%20Center/Mali%20GPU%20Driver%20Vulnerabilities"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "nvd.nist.gov": {
      "cve": {
        "cisaActionDue": "2021-11-17",
        "cisaExploitAdd": "2021-11-03",
        "cisaRequiredAction": "Apply updates per vendor instructions.",
        "cisaVulnerabilityName": "Arm Mali Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) Unspecified Vulnerability",
        "configurations": [
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:arm:bifrost_gpu_kernel_driver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "86D3D5C7-EF1B-401B-836C-79FD7C16B5CA",
                    "versionEndIncluding": "r28p0",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "r0p0",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:arm:midgard_gpu_kernel_driver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "36164B50-6A20-4FCD-8382-3B9C9069C9E7",
                    "versionEndIncluding": "r30p0",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "r8p0",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  },
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:arm:valhall_gpu_kernel_driver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "3D901BF7-E72F-4BC7-96DD-FC9D87F3AE8A",
                    "versionEndIncluding": "r28p0",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "r19p0",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or a denial of service (memory corruption) because an unprivileged user can achieve read/write access to read-only pages. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r29p0 before r30p0, Valhall r19p0 through r29p0 before r30p0, and Midgard r8p0 through r30p0 before r31p0."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "El controlador del kernel de la GPU Arm Mali permite una escalada de privilegios o una denegaci\u00f3n de servicio (corrupci\u00f3n de memoria) porque un usuario sin privilegios puede conseguir acceso de lectura/escritura a p\u00e1ginas de s\u00f3lo lectura. Esto afecta a Bifrost r0p0 hasta r29p0 antes de r30p0, Valhall r19p0 hasta r29p0 antes de r30p0, y Midgard r8p0 hasta r30p0 antes de r31p0"
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2021-28664",
        "lastModified": "2023-12-13T13:51:52.563",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV2": [
            {
              "acInsufInfo": false,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "cvssData": {
                "accessComplexity": "LOW",
                "accessVector": "NETWORK",
                "authentication": "SINGLE",
                "availabilityImpact": "COMPLETE",
                "baseScore": 9.0,
                "confidentialityImpact": "COMPLETE",
                "integrityImpact": "COMPLETE",
                "vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C",
                "version": "2.0"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 8.0,
              "impactScore": 10.0,
              "obtainAllPrivilege": false,
              "obtainOtherPrivilege": false,
              "obtainUserPrivilege": false,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary",
              "userInteractionRequired": false
            }
          ],
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
                "baseScore": 8.8,
                "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 2.8,
              "impactScore": 5.9,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2021-05-10T15:15:07.590",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/Arm%20Security%20Center/Mali%20GPU%20Driver%20Vulnerabilities"
          },
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "tags": [
              "Vendor Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates"
          },
          {
            "source": "cve@mitre.org",
            "tags": [
              "Vendor Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "cve@mitre.org",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-787"
              }
            ],
            "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
            "type": "Primary"
          }
        ]
      }
    }
  }
}

CVE-2021-28664 (GCVE-0-2021-28664)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-05-10 00:00 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:25

Summary

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: active Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2025-02-03 14:36 UTC

CWE

n/a
CWE-787 - Out-of-bounds Write

Assigner

mitre mitre root

References

4 references

URL	Tags
https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates
https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-up…
https://developer.arm.com/Arm%20Security%20Center…
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilit…	government-resource

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-03T21:47:33.056Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
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        "references": [
          {
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            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://developer.arm.com/Arm%20Security%20Center/Mali%20GPU%20Driver%20Vulnerabilities"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "cvssV3_1": {
              "attackComplexity": "LOW",
              "attackVector": "NETWORK",
              "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
              "baseScore": 8.8,
              "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
              "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
              "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
              "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
              "scope": "UNCHANGED",
              "userInteraction": "NONE",
              "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
              "version": "3.1"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2021-28664",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "active"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "total"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-02-03T14:36:45.829744Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "dateAdded": "2021-11-03",
                "reference": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-28664"
              },
              "type": "kev"
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          }
        ],
        "problemTypes": [
          {
            "descriptions": [
              {
                "cweId": "CWE-787",
                "description": "CWE-787 Out-of-bounds Write",
                "lang": "en",
                "type": "CWE"
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        "providerMetadata": {
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        "references": [
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            ],
            "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2021-28664"
          }
        ],
        "timeline": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "time": "2021-11-03T00:00:00.000Z",
            "value": "CVE-2021-28664 added to CISA KEV"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
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    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
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          "vendor": "n/a",
          "versions": [
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      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Arm Mali GPU kernel driver allows privilege escalation or a denial of service (memory corruption) because an unprivileged user can achieve read/write access to read-only pages. This affects Bifrost r0p0 through r29p0 before r30p0, Valhall r19p0 through r29p0 before r30p0, and Midgard r8p0 through r30p0 before r31p0."
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
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      "providerMetadata": {
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      "references": [
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          "url": "https://developer.arm.com/support/arm-security-updates/mali-gpu-kernel-driver"
        },
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          "url": "https://developer.arm.com/Arm%20Security%20Center/Mali%20GPU%20Driver%20Vulnerabilities"
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  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "8254265b-2729-46b6-b9e3-3dfca2d5bfca",
    "assignerShortName": "mitre",
    "cveId": "CVE-2021-28664",
    "datePublished": "2021-05-10T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateReserved": "2021-03-18T00:00:00.000Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:25:46.137Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

Sightings

Author	Source	Type	Date	Other

Nomenclature

Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.

Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.

The MITRE ATT&CK techniques below are AI-generated suggestions, inferred from the description of the vulnerability by the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-classification-roberta-base model, served locally by ML-Gateway. They have not been verified by an analyst and are provided for guidance only.
The approach is described in our paper Mapping CVEs to MITRE ATT&CK Techniques: A Curated Gold-Set Classifier and the Limits of LLM-Assisted Label Expansion.
Browse all ATT&CK techniques and the vulnerabilities related to each.

Related by attack behaviour

Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.