FKIE_CVE-2026-40164

Vulnerability from fkie_nvd - Published: 2026-04-14 00:16 - Updated: 2026-06-30 03:19
Severity
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
7.5 (High) - CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
Summary
jq is a command-line JSON processor. Before commit 0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784, jq used MurmurHash3 with a hardcoded, publicly visible seed (0x432A9843) for all JSON object hash table operations, which allowed an attacker to precompute key collisions offline. By supplying a crafted JSON object (~100 KB) where all keys hashed to the same bucket, hash table lookups degraded from O(1) to O(n), turning any jq expression into an O(n²) operation and causing significant CPU exhaustion. This affected common jq use cases such as CI/CD pipelines, web services, and data processing scripts, and was far more practical to exploit than existing heap overflow issues since it required only a small payload. This issue has been patched in commit 0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784.
References
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/jqlang/jq/commit/0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784
security-advisories@github.comhttps://github.com/jqlang/jq/security/advisories/GHSA-wwj8-gxm6-jc29
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:16252
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:16692
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:16693
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18040
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18042
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18043
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18044
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18045
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18046
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18047
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:18048
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19151
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:19365
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:23233
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:23245
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25044
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25096
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:25181
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26528
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:26542
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30078
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30087
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30088
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:30089
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:8579
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40164
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2458084
0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46chttps://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-40164.json
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "product": "jq",
          "vendor": "jqlang",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
    },
    {
      "affectedData": [
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.12::el8"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.12",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.13::el9"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.13",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.15::el9"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.15",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.16::el9"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.16",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.18::el9"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.18",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:openshift:4.19::el9"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform 4.19",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_aus:8.4::appstream"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.4)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus_long_life:8.4::appstream"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS EXTENSION (v.8.4)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
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          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream AUS (v.8.6)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
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          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.6)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
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          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.6)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
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          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.8.8)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
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          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream TUS (v.8.8)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.0::appstream"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.0)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.2::appstream"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.2)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
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          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v. 10.0)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
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          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
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          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.4)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/o:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6::baseos"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS EUS (v.9.6)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::baseos"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux BaseOS (v. 9)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux_eus:10.0"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder EUS (v. 10.0)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
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            "cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.2"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux CodeReady Linux Builder (v. 10)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
            "cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::crb"
          ],
          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8)",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
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          "vendor": "Red Hat"
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        {
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          "defaultStatus": "affected",
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          "vendor": "Red Hat"
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        {
          "cpes": [
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          "vendor": "Red Hat"
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        {
          "cpes": [
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          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        },
        {
          "cpes": [
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          "defaultStatus": "affected",
          "product": "Red Hat Hardened Images",
          "vendor": "Red Hat"
        }
      ],
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c"
    }
  ],
  "cveTags": [],
  "descriptions": [
    {
      "lang": "en",
      "value": "jq is a command-line JSON processor. Before commit 0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784, jq used MurmurHash3 with a hardcoded, publicly visible seed (0x432A9843) for all JSON object hash table operations, which allowed an attacker to precompute key collisions offline. By supplying a crafted JSON object (~100 KB) where all keys hashed to the same bucket, hash table lookups degraded from O(1) to O(n), turning any jq expression into an O(n\u00b2) operation and causing significant CPU exhaustion. This affected common jq use cases such as CI/CD pipelines, web services, and data processing scripts, and was far more practical to exploit than existing heap overflow issues since it required only a small payload. This issue has been patched in commit 0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784."
    }
  ],
  "id": "CVE-2026-40164",
  "lastModified": "2026-06-30T03:19:15.880",
  "metrics": {
    "cvssMetricV31": [
      {
        "cvssData": {
          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.5,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
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        "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "type": "Secondary"
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      {
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          "attackComplexity": "LOW",
          "attackVector": "NETWORK",
          "availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
          "baseScore": 7.5,
          "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
          "confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
          "integrityImpact": "NONE",
          "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
          "scope": "UNCHANGED",
          "userInteraction": "NONE",
          "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
          "version": "3.1"
        },
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        "impactScore": 3.6,
        "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
        "type": "Secondary"
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    "ssvcV203": [
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        "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
        "ssvcData": {
          "id": "CVE-2026-40164",
          "options": [
            {
              "exploitation": "poc"
            },
            {
              "automatable": "yes"
            },
            {
              "technicalImpact": "partial"
            }
          ],
          "role": "CISA Coordinator",
          "timestamp": "2026-04-14T19:08:48.249009Z",
          "version": "2.0.3"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "published": "2026-04-14T00:16:07.360",
  "references": [
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      "url": "https://github.com/jqlang/jq/commit/0c7d133c3c7e37c00b6d46b658a02244fdd3c784"
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    {
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      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-40164"
    },
    {
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      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2026/cve-2026-40164.json"
    }
  ],
  "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
  "vulnStatus": "Deferred",
  "weaknesses": [
    {
      "description": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-328"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-407"
        }
      ],
      "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
      "type": "Primary"
    },
    {
      "description": [
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "CWE-341"
        }
      ],
      "source": "0b0ca135-0b70-47e7-9f44-1890c2a1c46c",
      "type": "Secondary"
    }
  ]
}


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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.