CVE-2026-10645 (GCVE-0-2026-10645)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-22 23:48 – Updated: 2026-06-23 12:22
VLAI
Title
fs: ext2: Missing structural validation of directory entries can cause out-of-bounds read and zero-progress directory traversal
Summary
Zephyr's ext2 directory-entry parser does not fully validate on-disk directory entry structure before copying the entry name and advancing traversal state. In ext2_fetch_direntry() (subsys/fs/ext2/ext2_diskops.c), the code only checks de_name_len <= EXT2_MAX_FILE_NAME and then copies the name with memcpy without validating the structural relationship between de_rec_len, de_name_len, and the directory block boundary (for example that de_rec_len is non-zero, at least the size of the entry header, and that the record fits within the block). Callers such as find_dir_entry() and ext2_get_direntry() (subsys/fs/ext2/ext2_impl.c) then advance traversal using the unvalidated de_rec_len. A crafted ext2 image can therefore cause an out-of-bounds read from the directory block buffer when a malformed entry near the end of a block triggers an oversized name copy, or a zero-progress infinite loop when de_rec_len == 0. The issue is not reached at mount time but later through directory traversal paths such as pathname lookup, stat/open/unlink/rename, and readdir. The primary impact is denial of service and out-of-bounds reads under attacker-controlled ext2 images mounted from untrusted media.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| zephyrproject-rtos | Zephyr |
Affected:
* , ≤ 4.4
(git)
|
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2026-10645",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-06-23T12:18:26.712409Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-23T12:22:04.925Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"packageName": "Zephyr",
"product": "Zephyr",
"repo": "https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr",
"vendor": "zephyrproject-rtos",
"versions": [
{
"lessThanOrEqual": "4.4",
"status": "affected",
"version": "*",
"versionType": "git"
}
]
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "fs: ext2: Missing structural validation of directory entries can cause out-of-bounds read and zero-progress directory traversal"
}
],
"value": "Zephyr\u0027s ext2 directory-entry parser does not fully validate on-disk directory entry structure before copying the entry name and advancing traversal state. In ext2_fetch_direntry() (subsys/fs/ext2/ext2_diskops.c), the code only checks de_name_len \u003c= EXT2_MAX_FILE_NAME and then copies the name with memcpy without validating the structural relationship between de_rec_len, de_name_len, and the directory block boundary (for example that de_rec_len is non-zero, at least the size of the entry header, and that the record fits within the block). Callers such as find_dir_entry() and ext2_get_direntry() (subsys/fs/ext2/ext2_impl.c) then advance traversal using the unvalidated de_rec_len. A crafted ext2 image can therefore cause an out-of-bounds read from the directory block buffer when a malformed entry near the end of a block triggers an oversized name copy, or a zero-progress infinite loop when de_rec_len == 0. The issue is not reached at mount time but later through directory traversal paths such as pathname lookup, stat/open/unlink/rename, and readdir. The primary impact is denial of service and out-of-bounds reads under attacker-controlled ext2 images mounted from untrusted media."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "PHYSICAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 4.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-125",
"description": "Out-of-bounds Read",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-22T23:48:11.747Z",
"orgId": "e2e69745-5e70-4e92-8431-deb5529a81ad",
"shortName": "zephyr"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-hwrh-9h3x-vccm"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "fs: ext2: Missing structural validation of directory entries can cause out-of-bounds read and zero-progress directory traversal",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "swg-tools/create-cve-info"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "e2e69745-5e70-4e92-8431-deb5529a81ad",
"assignerShortName": "zephyr",
"cveId": "CVE-2026-10645",
"datePublished": "2026-06-22T23:48:11.747Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-06-02T15:11:47.668Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-23T12:22:04.925Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2",
"vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
"epss": {
"cve": "CVE-2026-10645",
"date": "2026-06-24",
"epss": "0.00205",
"percentile": "0.10453"
},
"vulnrichment": {
"containers": "{\"cna\": {\"affected\": [{\"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\", \"packageName\": \"Zephyr\", \"product\": \"Zephyr\", \"repo\": \"https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr\", \"vendor\": \"zephyrproject-rtos\", \"versions\": [{\"lessThanOrEqual\": \"4.4\", \"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"*\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"supportingMedia\": [{\"base64\": false, \"type\": \"text/html\", \"value\": \"fs: ext2: Missing structural validation of directory entries can cause out-of-bounds read and zero-progress directory traversal\"}], \"value\": \"Zephyr\u0027s ext2 directory-entry parser does not fully validate on-disk directory entry structure before copying the entry name and advancing traversal state. In ext2_fetch_direntry() (subsys/fs/ext2/ext2_diskops.c), the code only checks de_name_len \u003c= EXT2_MAX_FILE_NAME and then copies the name with memcpy without validating the structural relationship between de_rec_len, de_name_len, and the directory block boundary (for example that de_rec_len is non-zero, at least the size of the entry header, and that the record fits within the block). Callers such as find_dir_entry() and ext2_get_direntry() (subsys/fs/ext2/ext2_impl.c) then advance traversal using the unvalidated de_rec_len. A crafted ext2 image can therefore cause an out-of-bounds read from the directory block buffer when a malformed entry near the end of a block triggers an oversized name copy, or a zero-progress infinite loop when de_rec_len == 0. The issue is not reached at mount time but later through directory traversal paths such as pathname lookup, stat/open/unlink/rename, and readdir. The primary impact is denial of service and out-of-bounds reads under attacker-controlled ext2 images mounted from untrusted media.\"}], \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"attackVector\": \"PHYSICAL\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"baseScore\": 4.9, \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"userInteraction\": \"REQUIRED\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H\", \"version\": \"3.1\"}, \"format\": \"CVSS\", \"scenarios\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"GENERAL\"}]}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"cweId\": \"CWE-125\", \"description\": \"Out-of-bounds Read\", \"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"e2e69745-5e70-4e92-8431-deb5529a81ad\", \"shortName\": \"zephyr\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-22T23:48:11.747Z\"}, \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/security/advisories/GHSA-hwrh-9h3x-vccm\"}], \"source\": {\"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"title\": \"fs: ext2: Missing structural validation of directory entries can cause out-of-bounds read and zero-progress directory traversal\", \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"swg-tools/create-cve-info\"}}, \"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-10645\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-06-23T12:18:26.712409Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-23T12:22:00.484Z\"}}]}",
"cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-10645\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"e2e69745-5e70-4e92-8431-deb5529a81ad\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"assignerShortName\": \"zephyr\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-06-02T15:11:47.668Z\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-06-22T23:48:11.747Z\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-06-23T12:22:04.925Z\"}",
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
}
}
Loading…
Loading…
Experimental. This forecast is provided for visualization only and may change without notice. Do not use it for operational decisions.
Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.
Sightings
| Author | Source | Type | Date | Other |
|---|
Nomenclature
- Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
- Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
- Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
- Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
- Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
- Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Loading…
Loading…