CVE-2025-37893 (GCVE-0-2025-37893)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-18 07:01 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:58
VLAI
Title
LoongArch: BPF: Fix off-by-one error in build_prologue()
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: LoongArch: BPF: Fix off-by-one error in build_prologue() Vincent reported that running BPF progs with tailcalls on LoongArch causes kernel hard lockup. Debugging the issues shows that the JITed image missing a jirl instruction at the end of the epilogue. There are two passes in JIT compiling, the first pass set the flags and the second pass generates JIT code based on those flags. With BPF progs mixing bpf2bpf and tailcalls, build_prologue() generates N insns in the first pass and then generates N+1 insns in the second pass. This makes epilogue_offset off by one and we will jump to some unexpected insn and cause lockup. Fix this by inserting a nop insn.
Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-10-01 16:14 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 5dc615520c4dfb358245680f1904bad61116648e , < b3ffad2f02db4aace6799fe0049508b8925eae45 (git)
Affected: 5dc615520c4dfb358245680f1904bad61116648e , < 205a2182c51ffebaef54d643e3745e720cded08b (git)
Affected: 5dc615520c4dfb358245680f1904bad61116648e , < c74d95a5679741ef428974ab788f5b0758dc78ae (git)
Affected: 5dc615520c4dfb358245680f1904bad61116648e , < 48b904de2408af5f936f0e03f48dfcddeab58aa0 (git)
Affected: 5dc615520c4dfb358245680f1904bad61116648e , < 7e2586991e36663c9bc48c828b83eab180ad30a9 (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 6.1
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.1 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.87 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.23 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.13.11 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.14.2 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
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This makes\\nepilogue_offset off by one and we will jump to some unexpected insn and\\ncause lockup. Fix this by inserting a nop insn.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: LoongArch: BPF: Correcci\u00f3n de error de uno en build_prologue() Vincent inform\u00f3 que ejecutar programas BPF con llamadas de cola en LoongArch provoca un bloqueo duro del kernel. La depuraci\u00f3n de los problemas muestra que a la imagen JIT le falta una instrucci\u00f3n jirl al final del ep\u00edlogo. Hay dos pasos en la compilaci\u00f3n JIT, el primer paso establece los indicadores y el segundo paso genera c\u00f3digo JIT basado en esos indicadores. Con programas BPF que mezclan bpf2bpf y llamadas de cola, build_prologue() genera N insns en el primer paso y luego genera N + 1 insns en el segundo paso. Esto hace que epilogue_offset se desv\u00ede en uno y saltaremos a alg\u00fan insn inesperado y causaremos un bloqueo. Arregle esto insertando un insn 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    "redhat_vex": {
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      "cve": "CVE-2025-37893",
      "id": "CVE-2025-37893",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-04-18T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "274",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: LoongArch: BPF: Fix off-by-one error in build_prologue()",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-37893.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-08-08T00:00:44Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-37893",
      "id": "CVE-2025-37893",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-04-18T23:19:13Z",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "443",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-37893",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-37893.json",
      "version": "12"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV3_1\": {\"scope\": \"UNCHANGED\", \"version\": \"3.1\", \"baseScore\": 5.5, \"attackVector\": \"LOCAL\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\", \"integrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"availabilityImpact\": \"HIGH\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"LOW\", \"confidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}, {\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2025-37893\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"none\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"no\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2025-10-01T16:14:33.067841Z\"}}}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-193\", \"description\": \"CWE-193 Off-by-one Error\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2025-10-01T14:41:51.364Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"LoongArch: BPF: Fix off-by-one error in build_prologue()\", \"affected\": [{\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5dc615520c4dfb358245680f1904bad61116648e\", \"lessThan\": \"b3ffad2f02db4aace6799fe0049508b8925eae45\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5dc615520c4dfb358245680f1904bad61116648e\", \"lessThan\": \"205a2182c51ffebaef54d643e3745e720cded08b\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5dc615520c4dfb358245680f1904bad61116648e\", \"lessThan\": \"c74d95a5679741ef428974ab788f5b0758dc78ae\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5dc615520c4dfb358245680f1904bad61116648e\", \"lessThan\": \"48b904de2408af5f936f0e03f48dfcddeab58aa0\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}, {\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"5dc615520c4dfb358245680f1904bad61116648e\", \"lessThan\": \"7e2586991e36663c9bc48c828b83eab180ad30a9\", \"versionType\": \"git\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"arch/loongarch/net/bpf_jit.c\", \"arch/loongarch/net/bpf_jit.h\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"unaffected\"}, {\"repo\": \"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\", \"vendor\": \"Linux\", \"product\": \"Linux\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"6.1\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"0\", \"lessThan\": \"6.1\", \"versionType\": \"semver\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.6.87\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.6.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.12.23\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.12.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.13.11\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.13.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.14.2\", \"versionType\": \"semver\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"6.14.*\"}, {\"status\": \"unaffected\", \"version\": \"6.15\", \"versionType\": \"original_commit_for_fix\", \"lessThanOrEqual\": \"*\"}], \"programFiles\": [\"arch/loongarch/net/bpf_jit.c\", \"arch/loongarch/net/bpf_jit.h\"], \"defaultStatus\": \"affected\"}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/b3ffad2f02db4aace6799fe0049508b8925eae45\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/205a2182c51ffebaef54d643e3745e720cded08b\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c74d95a5679741ef428974ab788f5b0758dc78ae\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/48b904de2408af5f936f0e03f48dfcddeab58aa0\"}, {\"url\": \"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7e2586991e36663c9bc48c828b83eab180ad30a9\"}], \"x_generator\": {\"engine\": \"bippy-1.2.0\"}, \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nLoongArch: BPF: Fix off-by-one error in build_prologue()\\n\\nVincent reported that running BPF progs with tailcalls on LoongArch\\ncauses kernel hard lockup. Debugging the issues shows that the JITed\\nimage missing a jirl instruction at the end of the epilogue.\\n\\nThere are two passes in JIT compiling, the first pass set the flags and\\nthe second pass generates JIT code based on those flags. With BPF progs\\nmixing bpf2bpf and tailcalls, build_prologue() generates N insns in the\\nfirst pass and then generates N+1 insns in the second pass. This makes\\nepilogue_offset off by one and we will jump to some unexpected insn and\\ncause lockup. Fix this by inserting a nop insn.\"}], \"cpeApplicability\": [{\"nodes\": [{\"negate\": false, \"cpeMatch\": [{\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.6.87\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.12.23\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.13.11\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.14.2\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1\"}, {\"criteria\": \"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\", \"vulnerable\": true, \"versionEndExcluding\": \"6.15\", \"versionStartIncluding\": \"6.1\"}], \"operator\": \"OR\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"shortName\": \"Linux\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-11T21:17:09.966Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2025-37893\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-05-11T21:17:09.966Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2025-04-16T04:51:23.964Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\", \"datePublished\": \"2025-04-18T07:01:28.856Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"Linux\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.