CVE-2025-22044 (GCVE-0-2025-22044)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-16 14:12 – Updated: 2026-08-05 11:56
VLAI
Title
acpi: nfit: fix narrowing conversion in acpi_nfit_ctl
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: acpi: nfit: fix narrowing conversion in acpi_nfit_ctl Syzkaller has reported a warning in to_nfit_bus_uuid(): "only secondary bus families can be translated". This warning is emited if the argument is equal to NVDIMM_BUS_FAMILY_NFIT == 0. Function acpi_nfit_ctl() first verifies that a user-provided value call_pkg->nd_family of type u64 is not equal to 0. Then the value is converted to int, and only after that is compared to NVDIMM_BUS_FAMILY_MAX. This can lead to passing an invalid argument to acpi_nfit_ctl(), if call_pkg->nd_family is non-zero, while the lower 32 bits are zero. Furthermore, it is best to return EINVAL immediately upon seeing the invalid user input. The WARNING is insufficient to prevent further undefined behavior based on other invalid user input. All checks of the input value should be applied to the original variable call_pkg->nd_family. [iweiny: update commit message]
Severity
7.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f , < 4b65cff06a004ac54f6ea8886060f0d07b1ca055 (git)
Affected: 6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f , < 92ba06aef65522483784dcbd6697629ddbd4c4f9 (git)
Affected: 6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f , < bae5b55e0f327102e78f6a66fb127275e9bc91b6 (git)
Affected: 6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f , < c90402d2a226ff7afbe1d0650bee8ecc15a91049 (git)
Affected: 6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f , < e71a57c5aaa389d4c3c82f920761262efdd18d38 (git)
Affected: 6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f , < 73851cfceb00cc77d7a0851bc10f2263394c3e87 (git)
Affected: 6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f , < 85f11291658ab907c4294319c8102450cc75bb96 (git)
Affected: 6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f , < 2ff0e408db36c21ed3fa5e3c1e0e687c82cf132f (git)
Create a notification for this product.
Linux Linux Affected: 5.9
Unaffected: 0 , < 5.9 (semver)
Unaffected: 5.10.236 , ≤ 5.10.* (semver)
Unaffected: 5.15.180 , ≤ 5.15.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.1.134 , ≤ 6.1.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.6.87 , ≤ 6.6.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.12.23 , ≤ 6.12.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.13.11 , ≤ 6.13.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.14.2 , ≤ 6.14.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.15 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
Create a notification for this product.
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            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00045.html"
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            "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/05/msg00030.html"
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          "lang": "en",
          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nacpi: nfit: fix narrowing conversion in acpi_nfit_ctl\n\nSyzkaller has reported a warning in to_nfit_bus_uuid(): \"only secondary\nbus families can be translated\". This warning is emited if the argument\nis equal to NVDIMM_BUS_FAMILY_NFIT == 0. Function acpi_nfit_ctl() first\nverifies that a user-provided value call_pkg-\u003end_family of type u64 is\nnot equal to 0. Then the value is converted to int, and only after that\nis compared to NVDIMM_BUS_FAMILY_MAX. This can lead to passing an invalid\nargument to acpi_nfit_ctl(), if call_pkg-\u003end_family is non-zero, while\nthe lower 32 bits are zero.\n\nFurthermore, it is best to return EINVAL immediately upon seeing the\ninvalid user input.  The WARNING is insufficient to prevent further\nundefined behavior based on other invalid user input.\n\nAll checks of the input value should be applied to the original variable\ncall_pkg-\u003end_family.\n\n[iweiny: update commit message]"
        }
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            "baseSeverity": "HIGH",
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            "version": "3.1"
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              "value": "AV:L - The vulnerability is reached only through an `ioctl(ND_CMD_CALL)` on the local libnvdimm character device `/dev/ndctl0`, which requires local system access. There is no network-facing consumer of `acpi_nfit_ctl()`.\nAC:L - Reaching the narrowing bug requires defeating the `bus.c` pre-validation via the double-fetch between the two `copy_from_user()` calls in `__nd_ioctl()`, but the attacker owns both sides of that race \u2014 the user page and the racing thread \u2014 and can make the second fetch deterministic with userfaultfd or a FUSE-backed mapping. NFIT/NVDIMM presence is a standard configuration on persistent-memory servers and QEMU nvdimm guests.\nPR:L - No `capable()` or credential check exists anywhere on the path \u2014 `nd_ioctl()`, `__nd_ioctl()`, `nd_cmd_clear_to_send()` and `acpi_nfit_ctl()` gate solely on the device node\u0027s file permissions and the `O_RDWR` open. Any local account granted access to `/dev/ndctl*` (storage/management group ACLs, or a container handed the device) can drive the full path, so this is an authorized-local-user bug rather than one demanding init-namespace root capabilities.\nUI:N - The attacker triggers everything from their own threads via ioctl and a self-managed racing write; no victim action, mount, or file open is needed.\nS:U - The out-of-bounds read and the WARN both occur within the kernel\u0027s own security authority, with no crossing of a VM, IOMMU, or sandbox boundary.\nC:H - A negative narrowed `family` makes `test_bit(family, \u0026nd_desc-\u003ebus_family_mask)` read far outside the one-word bitmap at an attacker-chosen offset spanning roughly 256 MB of kernel memory below the object, and the resulting bit is leaked back through the distinguishable `-EINVAL` vs `-ENOTTY` return. This is an unbounded-window OOB read usable to defeat KASLR and progressively disclose kernel heap contents, not a read strictly bounded to a few bytes.\nI:N - Every consequence of the bad `family` value is a read or an early error return; `guid` is set to NULL but never dereferenced, `array_index_nospec()` clamps the later array index to 0, and no attacker-influenced write to kernel memory occurs.\nA:H - The path hits `WARN_ONCE()` in `to_nfit_bus_uuid()`, which is an immediate kernel panic on the many hardened, Android, and cloud configurations that set `panic_on_warn=1`. Additionally, the wild `bt`-based bitmap access at a large negative offset can land on an unmapped hole and fault, producing an oops."
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/4b65cff06a004ac54f6ea8886060f0d07b1ca055"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/92ba06aef65522483784dcbd6697629ddbd4c4f9"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/bae5b55e0f327102e78f6a66fb127275e9bc91b6"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c90402d2a226ff7afbe1d0650bee8ecc15a91049"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e71a57c5aaa389d4c3c82f920761262efdd18d38"
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        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/73851cfceb00cc77d7a0851bc10f2263394c3e87"
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          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2ff0e408db36c21ed3fa5e3c1e0e687c82cf132f"
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      "title": "acpi: nfit: fix narrowing conversion in acpi_nfit_ctl",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-22044",
    "datePublished": "2025-04-16T14:12:05.199Z",
    "dateReserved": "2024-12-29T08:45:45.810Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-08-05T11:56:17.500Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
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    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-22044",
      "date": "2026-08-06",
      "epss": "0.00202",
      "percentile": "0.10243"
    },
    "microsoft_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2026-02-18T14:18:11.000Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-22044",
      "id": "msrc_CVE-2025-22044",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-04-02T00:00:00.000Z",
      "product_status:fixed": "2",
      "product_status:known_affected": "2",
      "source": "Microsoft CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "acpi: nfit: fix narrowing conversion in acpi_nfit_ctl",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/csaf/vex/2025/msrc_cve-2025-22044.json",
      "version": "2"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2025-22044\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2025-04-16T15:15:57.810\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-07-30T06:22:05.693\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Modified\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nacpi: nfit: fix narrowing conversion in acpi_nfit_ctl\\n\\nSyzkaller has reported a warning in to_nfit_bus_uuid(): \\\"only secondary\\nbus families can be translated\\\". This warning is emited if the argument\\nis equal to NVDIMM_BUS_FAMILY_NFIT == 0. Function acpi_nfit_ctl() first\\nverifies that a user-provided value call_pkg-\u003end_family of type u64 is\\nnot equal to 0. Then the value is converted to int, and only after that\\nis compared to NVDIMM_BUS_FAMILY_MAX. This can lead to passing an invalid\\nargument to acpi_nfit_ctl(), if call_pkg-\u003end_family is non-zero, while\\nthe lower 32 bits are zero.\\n\\nFurthermore, it is best to return EINVAL immediately upon seeing the\\ninvalid user input.  The WARNING is insufficient to prevent further\\nundefined behavior based on other invalid user input.\\n\\nAll checks of the input value should be applied to the original variable\\ncall_pkg-\u003end_family.\\n\\n[iweiny: update commit message]\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, se ha resuelto la siguiente vulnerabilidad: acpi: nfit: correcci\u00f3n de la conversi\u00f3n de restricci\u00f3n en acpi_nfit_ctl. Syzkaller ha informado de una advertencia en to_nfit_bus_uuid(): \\\"Solo se pueden traducir familias de bus secundarias\\\". Esta advertencia se emite si el argumento es igual a NVDIMM_BUS_FAMILY_NFIT == 0. La funci\u00f3n acpi_nfit_ctl() verifica primero que el valor proporcionado por el usuario, call_pkg-\u0026gt;nd_family, de tipo u64, no sea igual a 0. A continuaci\u00f3n, el valor se convierte a int y solo despu\u00e9s se compara con NVDIMM_BUS_FAMILY_MAX. Esto puede provocar que se pase un argumento no v\u00e1lido a acpi_nfit_ctl() si call_pkg-\u0026gt;nd_family es distinto de cero, mientras que los 32 bits inferiores son cero. Adem\u00e1s, se recomienda devolver EINVAL inmediatamente despu\u00e9s de detectar la entrada de usuario no v\u00e1lida. La advertencia no es suficiente para evitar un comportamiento indefinido posterior basado en otra entrada de usuario no v\u00e1lida. Todas las comprobaciones del valor de entrada deben aplicarse a la variable original call_pkg-\u0026gt;nd_family. [iweiny: actualizar mensaje de confirmaci\u00f3n]\"}],\"affected\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"affectedData\":[{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"unaffected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/acpi/nfit/core.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f\",\"lessThan\":\"4b65cff06a004ac54f6ea8886060f0d07b1ca055\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f\",\"lessThan\":\"92ba06aef65522483784dcbd6697629ddbd4c4f9\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f\",\"lessThan\":\"bae5b55e0f327102e78f6a66fb127275e9bc91b6\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f\",\"lessThan\":\"c90402d2a226ff7afbe1d0650bee8ecc15a91049\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f\",\"lessThan\":\"e71a57c5aaa389d4c3c82f920761262efdd18d38\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f\",\"lessThan\":\"73851cfceb00cc77d7a0851bc10f2263394c3e87\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f\",\"lessThan\":\"85f11291658ab907c4294319c8102450cc75bb96\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"6450ddbd5d8e83ea9927c7f9076a21f829699e0f\",\"lessThan\":\"2ff0e408db36c21ed3fa5e3c1e0e687c82cf132f\",\"versionType\":\"git\",\"status\":\"affected\"}]},{\"vendor\":\"Linux\",\"product\":\"Linux\",\"defaultStatus\":\"affected\",\"programFiles\":[\"drivers/acpi/nfit/core.c\"],\"repo\":\"https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/stable/linux.git\",\"versions\":[{\"version\":\"5.9\",\"status\":\"affected\"},{\"version\":\"0\",\"lessThan\":\"5.9\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.10.236\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.10.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"5.15.180\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"5.15.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.1.134\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.1.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.6.87\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.6.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.12.23\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.12.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.13.11\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.13.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.14.2\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"6.14.*\",\"versionType\":\"semver\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"},{\"version\":\"6.15\",\"lessThanOrEqual\":\"*\",\"versionType\":\"original_commit_for_fix\",\"status\":\"unaffected\"}]}]}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":7.1,\"baseSeverity\":\"HIGH\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":5.2},{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.8,\"impactScore\":3.6}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-704\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.9\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.10.236\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"B4A3AD82-1B21-4C37-AD58-BBA63CABBCA9\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.11\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"5.15.180\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D19801C8-3D18-405D-9989-E6C9B30255FA\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"5.16\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.1.134\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"3985DEC3-0437-4177-BC42-314AB575285A\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.2\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.6.87\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"EFF24260-49B1-4251-9477-C564CFDAD25B\"},{\"vulnerab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    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-30T09:36:42+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-22044",
      "id": "CVE-2025-22044",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-04-16T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "212",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "62",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "kernel: acpi: nfit: fix narrowing conversion in acpi_nfit_ctl",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-22044.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "suse_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "moderate",
      "current_release_date": "2026-07-25T01:00:41Z",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-22044",
      "id": "CVE-2025-22044",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-04-18T23:20:19Z",
      "product_status:known_affected": "543",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "129",
      "product_status:recommended": "418",
      "source": "SUSE CSAF VEX",
      "status": "interim",
      "title": "SUSE CVE CVE-2025-22044",
      "url": "https://ftp.suse.com/pub/projects/security/csaf-vex/cve-2025-22044.json",
      "version": "38"
    }
  }
}



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Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.


Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.